Ubuntu 20.04 LTS rarraba saki

ya faru saki rabawa Ubuntu 20.04 "Focal Fossa", wanda aka rarraba azaman sakin tallafi na dogon lokaci (LTS), wanda aka samar da sabuntawa a cikin shekaru 5 har zuwa Afrilu 2025. An ƙirƙira hotunan shigarwa da taya don Ubuntu, Ubuntu Server, Lubuntu, Kubuntu, Ubuntu Mate, Ubuntu
Budgie, Ƙungiyar Ubuntu, Xubuntu da UbuntuKylin (bugu na kasar Sin).

Main canji:

• An sabunta Desktop kafin fitarwa GNOME 3.36, wanda ya gabatar da yanayin "kada ku dame" don ɓoye sabbin sanarwa na ɗan lokaci, ya ƙara wani aikace-aikacen daban don sarrafa add-ons zuwa GNOME Shell, ya sabunta ƙirar shiga da maɓallan buɗe allo, sake tsara yawancin maganganun tsarin, kuma ya ƙara aiki. don ƙaddamar da aikace-aikacen ta amfani da GPU mai hankali akan tsarin tare da zane-zane na matasan, ikon sake sunan kundayen adireshi tare da aikace-aikacen an aiwatar da shi a cikin yanayin bayyani, zaɓi don kunna tsarin kula da iyaye an ƙara zuwa mayen saitin farko, da dai sauransu.
  

• An sake fasalin tsohuwar jigon Yaru, wanda, baya ga duhu da aka samu a baya (masu kaifin duhu, duhu duhu da sarrafa duhu) da haske (masu kai masu duhu, bangon haske da sarrafa haske), zaɓi na uku gaba ɗaya haske zai bayyana. An gabatar da sabon ƙira don menu na tsarin da menu na aikace-aikacen. Ƙara sabbin gumakan shugabanci waɗanda aka inganta don nunawa akan haske da duhu.
  

  An aiwatar da sabon hanyar sadarwa don canza zaɓuɓɓukan jigo.

  

• An inganta aikin GNOME Shell da mai sarrafa taga. Rage nauyin CPU da rage jinkiri yayin yin raye-raye lokacin sarrafa windows, motsi linzamin kwamfuta, da buɗe yanayin bayyani.
• Ƙara goyon baya don zurfin launi 10-bit.
• Don X11, an aiwatar da goyan bayan sikelin juzu'i, wanda a baya kawai ake samu lokacin amfani da Wayland. Wannan fasalin yana ba ku damar zaɓar mafi kyawun girman abubuwan abubuwa akan fuska tare da girman girman pixel (HiDPI), alal misali, zaku iya ƙara abubuwan da aka nuna ba sau 2 ba, amma ta 1.5.
• An ƙara sabon allon fantsama wanda ke bayyana akan taya.
• An cire alamar don kewayawa cikin sauri ta cikin kantin sayar da kan layi na Amazon.
• An sabunta kernel Linux don fitarwa 5.4. Kamar yadda yake a cikin sakin kaka, ana amfani da algorithm na LZ4 don damfara kernel da hoton taya na farko na initramfs, wanda ke rage lokacin taya saboda saurin lalata bayanai. Sanannen canje-canje idan aka kwatanta da kwaya na 4.15 da aka yi amfani da su a cikin Ubuntu 18.04 LTS sun haɗa da tallafi ga AMD Rome CPU, Radeon RX Vega M da Navi GPU, Qualcomm Snapdragon 845 SoC, Intel Cannon Lake dandamali, Rasberi Pi 2B, 3B, 3A +, allon 3B+, CM3, CM3 + da 4B, gagarumin haɓakawa a cikin sarrafa wutar lantarki, ingantaccen USB 3.2 da goyon bayan Type-C, sabon API mai hawa, io_uring interface, pidfd da AMD SEV (Secure Encrypted Virtualization) goyon baya a cikin KVM.
• Abubuwan da aka sabunta na tsarin da kayan aikin haɓakawa: Glibc 2.31, BlueZ 5.53, OpenJDK 11, rustc 1.41, GCC 9.3, Python 3.8.2, ruby ​​​​2.7.0, Ruby akan Rails 5.2.3, php 7.4, kowane 5.30, je 1.13.
• Sabunta mai amfani da aikace-aikacen hoto:
  Mesa 20.0, Qt 5.12.8, PulseAudio 14.0-pre, Firefox 75.0, Thunderbird 68.7.0, LibreOffice 6.4.2, GIMP 2.10.18, VLC 3.0.9.

• Sabunta aikace-aikace don sabobin da haɓakawa:
  QEMU 4.2, libvirt 6.0, Bind 9.16, HAProxy 2.0, OpenSSH 8.2 (tare da goyan bayan FIDO/U2F alamomin tabbaci guda biyu da ikon sanya saituna a /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf). Apache httpd yana da goyon bayan TLSv1.3.

• Ƙara tallafi don WireGuard VPN.
• An sabunta daemon na aiki tare na tsawon lokaci zuwa sigar 3.5 kuma an keɓe shi daga tsarin ta hanyar haɗa matatar kiran tsarin.
• Haɓaka ikon gwaji don shigarwa akan tushen tushen tare da ZFS ya ci gaba. An sabunta aiwatar da ZFSonLinux don fitarwa 0.8.3 tare da goyan baya don ɓoyewa, zafi mai zafi na na'urori, umarnin "zpool trim", haɓaka umarnin "scrub" da "resilver". Don gudanar da ZFS, ana haɓaka zsys daemon, wanda ke ba ku damar gudanar da tsarin daidaitawa da yawa tare da ZFS akan kwamfuta ɗaya, yana sarrafa ƙirƙirar hotunan hoto da sarrafa rarraba bayanan tsarin da bayanan da ke canzawa yayin zaman mai amfani. Hoto daban-daban na iya ƙunsar jihohin tsarin daban-daban kuma su canza tsakanin su. Misali, idan akwai matsaloli bayan shigar da sabuntawa, zaku iya komawa tsohuwar yanayin barga ta zaɓar hoton da ya gabata. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da hotunan hoto don adana bayanan mai amfani a bayyane kuma ta atomatik.
• Idan aka kwatanta da fitowar LTS da ta gabata, Shagon Snap ya maye gurbin Software na Ubuntu azaman tsoho don nema da shigar da fakiti na yau da kullun.
• An dakatar da tattara fakitin gine-ginen i386. Don ci gaba da aiwatar da shirye-shiryen gado waɗanda suka rage kawai a cikin nau'in 32-bit ko buƙatar ɗakunan karatu 32-bit, ana ba da taro da bayarwa. saitin daban Fakitin laburare 32-bit.
• A cikin tsarin netplan.io, An yi amfani da shi don adana saitunan sadarwa na cibiyar sadarwa, ƙarin tallafi don saita na'urorin cibiyar sadarwa mai mahimmanci SR-IOV, GSM modems (ta hanyar NetworkManager backend), WiFi sigogi (bssid / band / tashar). Hakanan yana yiwuwa a saita zaɓin ipv6-address-generation don NetworkManager da emit-lldp don sadarwar yanar gizo.
• An ƙara Python 3.8 zuwa rarraba tushe, kuma an tura fakitin Python 2.7 zuwa ma'ajiyar sararin samaniya kuma ba a tura su ta tsohuwa. Sauran fakitin Python 2.7 a cikin rarraba an canza su don amfani da fassarar /usr/bin/python2. Fayil na /usr/bin/python ba a shigar da shi ta tsohuwa (ana buƙatar fakitin python-is-python3 don ƙirƙirar /usr/bin/python daure zuwa Python 3).
• Ta hanyar tsoho, don duk gine-ginen da aka goyan baya, ana ba da hoton iso na uwar garken Ubuntu tare da mai sakawa Subiquity yana yin shigarwa a cikin Yanayin Live. Subiquity yana goyan bayan ayyuka kamar rarraba faifai, harshe da zaɓin shimfidar madannai, ƙirƙira mai amfani, daidaitawar haɗin cibiyar sadarwa, RAID, LVM, daidaitawar VLAN da haɗar mu'amalar cibiyar sadarwa. Daga cikin sabbin fasalulluka, akwai yanayin shigarwa ta atomatik ta amfani da bayanan JSON da ikon shigar da bootloader akan faifai da yawa a lokaci ɗaya (domin za ku iya yin taya daga kowane ɗayan idan bootloader ya lalace). Bugu da ƙari, an yi gyare-gyare don sauƙaƙe amfani da ɓoyewa, shigarwa a kan faifai masu yawa, da ƙara amincin amfani da diski tare da wasu tsarin da aka riga aka shigar.
• В Kubuntu Ana ba da KDE Plasma 5.18 tebur, KDE Aikace-aikacen 19.12.3 da tsarin Qt 5.12.5. Mai kunna kiɗan tsoho shine Elisa 19.12.3, wanda ya maye gurbin Cantata. Sabunta tashar jirgin ruwa 0.9.10, KDEConnect 1.4.0, Krita 4.2.9, Kdevelop 5.5.0. An daina goyan bayan KDE4 da aikace-aikacen Qt4. An cire KDE PIM daga rarraba tushe kuma dole ne a shigar yanzu daga ma'ajiyar. An gabatar da zaman gwaji bisa Wayland (bayan shigar da kunshin plasma-workspace-wayland, wani zaɓi na "Plasma (Wayland)" yana bayyana akan allon shiga).
  

• Ubuntu MATE 20.04: MATE tebur an sabunta zuwa sigar 1.24. Ƙara sabunta kayan aikin firmware ta amfani da fwupd. An cire Compiz da Compton daga rarrabawa. Samar da nunin Hotunan Hotunan taga a cikin panel, aikin sauya fasalin aiki (Alt-Tab) da mai sauya tebur. An gabatar da sabon applet don nuna sanarwar. Ana amfani da juyin halitta azaman abokin ciniki na imel maimakon Thunderbird. Lokacin shigar da direbobin NVIDIA na mallakar mallaka, waɗanda za'a iya zaɓa a cikin mai sakawa, ana ba da applet don canzawa tsakanin GPUs daban-daban a cikin tsarin tare da zane-zanen matasan (NVIDIA Optimus).
  
• Ubuntu Budgie: Ta hanyar tsoho, ana kunna applet tare da menu na aikace-aikacen Mai salo da nasa applet don sarrafa saitunan cibiyar sadarwa.
  Ƙaddamar da keɓancewa don saurin sauya shimfidu na tebur (Budgie, Classic Ubuntu Budgie, Ubuntu Budgie, Cupertino, The One
  da Redmond).
  Babban kunshin ya ƙunshi GNOME Firmware da aikace-aikacen Zana GNOME.
  Inganta haɗin kai tare da GNOME 3.36. An sabunta kwamfutar Budgie zuwa sigar 10.5.1. Ƙara saitunan don antialiasing da alamar rubutu. Ta hanyar tsoho, an kashe applet tray ɗin tsarin (saboda matsalolin aiki). An daidaita applets don allon HiDPI.
  

• Ƙungiyar Ubuntu: Ubuntu Studio Controls yana raba saitunan don Jack Master, ƙarin na'urori da yadudduka don PulseAudio. An sabunta RaySession 0.8.3, Audacity 2.3.3, Hydrogen 1.0.0-beta2, Carla 2.1-RC2,
  Blender 2.82, KDEnlive 19.12.3, Krita 4.2.9, GIMP 2.10.18,
  Ardor 5.12.0, Scribus 1.5.5, Darktable 2.6.3, Pitivi 0.999, Inkscape 0.92.4, OBS Studio 25.0.3, MyPaint 2.0.0, Rawtherapee 5.8.

• В Xubuntu An lura da bayyanar wani jigon duhu. An haɗu da ƙirar musaya na aikace-aikacen da aka shigar daga fakitin bashi, snap da flatpak. Kunshin da bai dace ba, wanda ke buƙatar Python 2 yayi aiki, da kuma kunshin pidgin-libnotify, an cire shi daga fakitin tushe. An sabunta nau'ikan aikace-aikacen Xfce 4.14.
  

• Ubuntu 20.04 ya zama sakin LTS na farko don bayar da yanayin hoto na asali LXQt (jiragen saki 0.14.1) maimakon LXDE. Ana amfani da Gano Cibiyar Software 5.18.4 don sarrafa shigarwar aikace-aikacen.
  

• An kafa taro Ubuntu tare da Deepin tebur. Har yanzu aikin bugu ne na Ubuntu wanda ba na hukuma ba, amma masu haɓaka rarraba suna tattaunawa da Canonical don haɗa UbuntuDDE a cikin rarrabawar Ubuntu na hukuma.

source: budenet.ru