sabon barga reshe na kayan aiki , wanda ke ba da tsari don gina fakiti masu zaman kansu waɗanda ba a haɗa su da takamaiman rarraba Linux ba kuma suna gudana a cikin akwati na musamman wanda ke ware aikace-aikacen daga sauran tsarin. Ana ba da tallafi don gudanar da fakitin Flatpak don Arch Linux, , Debian, Fedora, Gentoo, Mageia, Linux Mint da Ubuntu. An haɗa fakitin Flatpak a cikin ma'ajiyar Fedora kuma mai sarrafa aikace-aikacen GNOME na asali yana samun goyan bayansa.
Maɓalli a cikin Flatpak 1.6 reshe:
- В an ƙara hanyar CreateUpdateMonitor, ƙyale aikace-aikace don saka idanu akan bayyanar sabuntawa da buƙatar shigar da sabuntawar sabuntawa.
Don hana izinin aikace-aikacen don shigar da sabuntawa da kansa, zaku iya amfani da umarnin "flatpak izini-saitin sabunta flatpak $APPID no" (idan kun saka "tambaya" maimakon "a'a", za a nuna maganganu kowane lokaci don tabbatar da sabuntawa);
- Don sauƙaƙe ƙirƙirar masu sarrafa, ana ba da shawarar ɗakin karatu
libportal, wanda ke ba da damar aiwatar da abubuwan da suka faru ba tare da amfani da Portal API kai tsaye ba da siginar siginar da ke zuwa ta D-Bus.
Libportal yana ba da sassauƙan asynchronous yadudduka don yawancin ""; - An ƙara sabon izini "--socket=kofuna" don ba da damar kai tsaye zuwa uwar garken bugun CUPS;
- Canza yarjejeniya da API don sarrafa ingantaccen aiki. Ƙara mai tabbatarwa don OCI (Buɗewar Kwantena). Aiwatar da tallafi don shigarwa ta atomatik na masu tabbatarwa daga ma'ajin flatpak na waje. An ƙara mai kula da kira zuwa FlatpakTransaction don amfani da shiga da amincin kalmar sirri, kama da ainihin hanyar tabbatar da HTTP;
- Ƙara goyon baya don ƙaƙƙarfan aikace-aikace da tsarin da ke buƙatar tabbaci akan taya;
- An sabunta Layerwrap ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi don rufewa don fitarwa ;
- Ƙara tallafin zaɓi na zaɓi don kulawar iyaye ta aikace-aikacen ɗakin karatu , wanda ke ba ka damar ƙuntata damar yin amfani da wasu nau'ikan abun ciki;
- Yanzu an shigar da kari kafin aikace-aikacen, yana ba ku damar samun aikace-aikacen aiki nan da nan bayan an gama shigarwa;
- An sake yin amfani da magudi tare da fayiloli na wucin gadi, wanda ya inganta aikin lokacin da rashin sararin diski kyauta;
- Don aiwatar da umurnin""Ba a buƙatar yin amfani da sudo;
- An ƙara ikon ƙaddamar da keɓantattun mahalli (sub-sandbox) don tafiyar da yara zuwa mashigai;
- An ƙara sabbin umarni "saitin izini-flatpak" da "cire-cire" don sarrafa saitin izini;
- Ƙara wani zaɓi "flatpak install --or-update", wanda ke yin sabuntawa idan an riga an shigar da aikace-aikacen;
- Ƙara umarnin "flatpak mask" don gyara sigar kuma ya hana shigar da sabuntawa;
- Don hotuna a cikin tsarin OCI (Open Container Initiative), an ƙara goyan baya don ɗaure lakabin, samar da tarihin canje-canje a cikin hoton, da ba da damar nau'ikan docker mime, ban da nau'ikan OCI mime;
- An ƙara maɓalli na tsoho-harsuna zuwa saitunan don ayyana jerin harsunan da aka yi amfani da su, ban da jerin tsarin.
Bari mu tunatar da ku cewa Flatpak yana ba da damar masu haɓaka aikace-aikacen su sauƙaƙe rarraba shirye-shiryen su waɗanda ba a haɗa su cikin daidaitattun ma'ajin rarraba ta hanyar. akwati guda ɗaya na duniya ba tare da ƙirƙirar majalisai daban-daban don kowane rarraba ba. Don masu amfani da tsaro, Flatpak yana ba ku damar gudanar da aikace-aikacen da ake tambaya a cikin akwati, yana ba da dama ga ayyukan cibiyar sadarwa da fayilolin mai amfani da ke da alaƙa da aikace-aikacen. Ga masu amfani da ke da sha'awar sabbin samfura, Flatpak yana ba ku damar shigar da sabuwar gwaji da tsayayyen sakin aikace-aikacen ba tare da buƙatar yin canje-canje ga tsarin ba. Misali, a halin yanzu fakitin Flatpak sun rigaya don LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP, Inkscape, Kdenlive, Steam, 0 AD, Visual Studio Code, VLC, Slack, Skype, Telegram Desktop, Android Studio, da sauransu.
Don rage girman fakitin, ya haɗa da ƙayyadaddun abubuwan dogaro da aikace-aikacen kawai, kuma tsarin asali da ɗakunan karatu na hoto (Gtk+, Qt, GNOME da ɗakunan karatu na KDE, da sauransu) an ƙirƙira su azaman toshe daidaitattun yanayin lokacin aiki. Babban bambanci tsakanin Flatpak da Snap shine Snap yana amfani da sassan babban yanayin tsarin da keɓewa dangane da kiran tsarin tacewa, yayin da Flatpak ke ƙirƙirar akwati daban da tsarin kuma yana aiki tare da manyan saiti na lokaci, yana ba da fakiti a matsayin abin dogaro, amma daidaitaccen tsari. mahallin tsarin (misali, duk dakunan karatu da ake buƙata don gudanar da shirye-shiryen GNOME ko KDE).
Baya ga daidaitaccen yanayin tsarin (lokacin aiki), an shigar da shi ta musamman , ƙarin abubuwan dogaro (dam) da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacen yin aiki ana kawo su. Gabaɗaya, lokacin aiki da damfara suna samar da cikar akwati, duk da cewa an shigar da lokacin aiki daban kuma an ɗaure shi da kwantena da yawa a lokaci ɗaya, wanda ke ba ku damar guje wa kwafin fayilolin tsarin gama gari ga kwantena. Tsari ɗaya na iya shigar da lokutan gudu daban-daban (GNOME, KDE) ko nau'ikan lokaci guda ɗaya (GNOME 3.26, GNOME 3.28). Kwantena tare da aikace-aikace azaman abin dogaro yana amfani da ɗaure kawai zuwa takamaiman lokacin aiki, ba tare da la'akari da fakiti ɗaya waɗanda suka haɗa lokacin aiki ba. Duk abubuwan da suka ɓace ana tattara su kai tsaye tare da aikace-aikacen. Lokacin da aka samar da akwati, ana ɗora abubuwan da ke cikin lokacin aiki azaman ɓangaren /usr, kuma an ɗora gunkin a cikin littafin /app directory.
Ana yin cikar lokacin aiki da kwantena aikace-aikacen ta amfani da fasaha , wanda a cikinsa aka sabunta hoton ta atomatik daga wurin ajiyar Git-kamar, yana ba da damar hanyoyin sarrafa sigar yin amfani da kayan aikin rarrabawa (misali, zaku iya hanzarta mirgine tsarin zuwa yanayin da ya gabata). Ana fassara fakitin RPM zuwa ma'ajiyar OSTree ta amfani da Layer na musamman . Ba a tallafawa shigarwa daban da sabuntawa na fakiti a cikin yanayin aiki; ba a sabunta tsarin ba a matakin ɗayan abubuwan da aka gyara ba, amma gaba ɗaya, yana canza yanayin sa ta atomatik. Yana ba da kayan aikin don amfani da sabuntawa akai-akai, yana kawar da buƙatar gaba ɗaya maye gurbin hoton tare da kowane sabuntawa.
Wurin da aka keɓe ya zama mai zaman kansa gabaɗaya daga rarraba da aka yi amfani da shi, kuma tare da saitunan fakitin da suka dace, ba su da damar yin amfani da fayiloli da matakai na mai amfani ko babban tsarin, ba zai iya isa ga kayan aiki kai tsaye ba, ban da fitarwa ta hanyar DRI, da tsarin cibiyar sadarwa. Fitowar zane da ƙungiyar shigarwa ta amfani da ka'idar Wayland ko ta hanyar tura soket na X11. Yin hulɗa tare da yanayin waje yana dogara ne akan tsarin saƙon DBus da API na Portals na musamman. Don rufi interlayer da fasahar sarrafa kwantena na gargajiya na Linux dangane da amfani da ƙungiyoyi, wuraren suna, Seccomp da SELinux. Ana amfani da PulseAudio don fitar da sauti.
source: budenet.ru