Ua ntej, me ntsis keeb kwm.
Web 1.0 yog lub network rau kev nkag mus rau cov ntsiab lus uas tau tshaj tawm hauv cov vev xaib los ntawm lawv cov tswv. Cov nplooj ntawv html zoo li qub, nyeem-tsuas yog nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv, qhov kev xyiv fab tseem ceeb yog hyperlinks ua rau cov nplooj ntawv no thiab lwm qhov chaw. Lub hom phiaj ntawm ib lub xaib yog cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm. Lub sijhawm hloov cov ntsiab lus offline mus rau lub network: digitizing cov phau ntawv, luam theej duab duab (cov koob yees duab digital tseem tsis tshua muaj).
Web 2.0 yog kev sib raug zoo uas coj tib neeg los ua ke. Cov neeg siv, nkag rau hauv qhov chaw hauv Internet, tsim cov ntsiab lus ncaj qha rau ntawm nplooj ntawv web. Sib tham sib dynamic sites, cov ntsiab lus tagging, web syndication, mash-up technology, AJAX, web services. Cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm tau muab txoj hauv kev rau kev sib tham, blog hosting, thiab wikis. Lub sijhawm ntawm kev tsim cov ntsiab lus hauv online.
Nws yog tseeb hais tias lo lus "web 1.0" tshwm sim tsuas yog tom qab lub advent ntawm "web 2.0" mus rau lub qub Internet. Thiab yuav luag tam sim ntawd kev sib tham pib txog yav tom ntej version 3.0. Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau kev pom lub neej yav tom ntej no, thiab txhua tus ntawm lawv, tau kawg, tau cuam tshuam nrog kev kov yeej qhov tsis txaus thiab kev txwv ntawm lub vev xaib 2.0.
Netscape.com CEO Jason Calacanis feem ntau txhawj xeeb txog qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov neeg siv khoom tsim cov ntsiab lus thiab hais tias yav tom ntej ntawm Is Taws Nem yuav yog "cov neeg muaj txiaj ntsig" uas yuav pib "tsim cov ntsiab lus zoo" (Web 3.0, "ua haujlwm "Definition, 2007). Lub tswv yim yog qhov tsim nyog, tab sis nws tsis tau piav qhia yuav ua li cas thiab qhov twg lawv yuav ua qhov no, ntawm qhov chaw twg. Zoo, tsis yog hauv Facebook.
Tus kws sau lub ntsiab lus "web 2.0," Tim O'Reilly, tau hais kom muaj kev ntseeg siab tias tus neeg nruab nrab tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab li tus neeg tsis tsim nyog los tso cov ntaub ntawv hauv Is Taws Nem. Cov cuab yeej cuab tam tseem tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv rau hauv Internet. Thiab tib cov cuab yeej siv tau tuaj yeem nyeem cov ntaub ntawv ncaj qha los ntawm lub vev xaib cia. Qhov tseeb, Tim O'Reilly tau thov kom koom nrog lub vev xaib 3.0 nrog lo lus "Internet of Things" uas twb paub peb lawm.
Ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm lub ntiaj teb dav Web, Tim Berners-Lee, pom nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej version ntawm Internet lub realization ntawm nws ntev-sawv (1998) npau suav ntawm lub semantic web. Thiab nws txhais lus ntawm lub sij hawm yeej - feem ntau ntawm cov neeg uas hais tias "web 3.0" mus txog rau thaum nyuam qhuav txhais tau hais tias lub web semantic, uas yog, lub network uas cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub vev xaib nplooj ntawv yuav muaj txiaj ntsig rau lub computer, tshuab nyeem tau. Qhov chaw nyob ib ncig ntawm 2010-2012 muaj ntau tham txog ontologization, semantic tej yaam num tau yug los nyob rau hauv batch, tab sis qhov tshwm sim yog paub rau txhua leej txhua tus - peb tseem siv Internet version 2.0. Qhov tseeb, tsuas yog cov txheej txheem kos npe Schema.org thiab cov duab qhia kev paub ntawm Internet monsters Google, Microsoft, Facebook, thiab LinkedIn tau muaj sia nyob.
Cov nthwv dej tshiab muaj zog ntawm digital innovation tau pab npog qhov tsis ua haujlwm ntawm Semantic Web. Kev txaus siab ntawm cov xovxwm thiab cov neeg zoo tib yam tau hloov mus rau cov ntaub ntawv loj, Internet ntawm yam, kev kawm tob, drones, augmented kev muaj tiag thiab, ntawm chav kawm, blockchain. Yog tias thawj tus ntawm daim ntawv teev npe feem ntau yog offline thev naus laus zis, ces blockchain yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj haujlwm network. Thaum lub ncov ntawm nws muaj koob meej nyob rau hauv 2017-2018, nws txawm hais tias nws yog tus tshiab Internet (lub tswv yim no tau rov hais dua los ntawm ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm Ethereum, Joseph Lubin).
Tab sis lub sijhawm dhau mus, thiab lo lus "blockchain" pib cuam tshuam tsis yog nrog kev tawg mus rau yav tom ntej, tab sis nrog kev cia siab tsis ncaj ncees. Thiab lub tswv yim ntawm rebranding ib txwm tshwm sim: cia peb tsis tham txog blockchain raws li ib txoj haujlwm txaus rau tus kheej, tab sis suav nrog nws nyob rau hauv ib pawg ntawm cov thev naus laus zis uas tsim txhua yam tshiab thiab ci ntsa iab. Ib lub npe tau pom tam sim ntawd rau qhov "tshiab" (txawm tsis tshiab) "web 3.0". Thiab txhawm rau ua kom pom tseeb qhov tsis yog qhov tshiab ntawm lub npe, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum suav nrog cov kev sib txuas lus hauv cov pawg "lub teeb".
Yog li, cov qauv tam sim no tsis yog blockchain, tab sis cov txheej txheem ntawm kev faib tawm hauv Is Taws Nem web 3.0, suav nrog ntau yam thev naus laus zis: blockchain, tshuab kev kawm, semantic web thiab Internet ntawm yam. Nyob rau hauv ntau cov ntawv uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo dhau los mob siab rau lub tshiab reincarnation ntawm lub vev xaib 3.0, koj tuaj yeem kawm paub meej txog txhua yam ntawm nws cov khoom, tab sis hmoov tsis zoo, tsis muaj lus teb rau cov lus nug ntuj: yuav ua li cas cov thev naus laus zis no sib xyaw ua ib yam dab tsi. tag nrho, vim li cas neural networks xav tau Internet ntawm yam, thiab semantic web blockchain? Cov pab pawg feem ntau tsuas yog txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm ntawm blockchain (tej zaum nyob rau hauv kev cia siab ntawm kev tsim cov crypt uas tuaj yeem tuav lub pob cue, lossis tsuas yog ua haujlwm tawm kev nqis peev), tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tshiab guise ntawm "web 3.0". Txawm li cas los xij, tsawg kawg ib yam dab tsi txog yav tom ntej, thiab tsis yog hais txog kev cia siab tsis ncaj ncees.
Tab sis tsis yog txhua yam yuav tu siab heev. Tam sim no kuv yuav sim teb luv luv cov lus nug saum toj no.
Vim li cas lub semantic network xav tau blockchain? Yog lawm, ntawm no peb yuav tsum tham tsis yog hais txog blockchain li xws li (ib txoj saw ntawm crypto-txuas blocks), tab sis hais txog cov thev naus laus zis uas muab cov neeg siv txheeb xyuas, kev pom zoo siv tau thiab kev tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus raws li cov txheej txheem cryptographic hauv cov phooj ywg-rau-peer network. . Yog li, lub semantic graph li xws li ib tug network tau txais ib tug txhim khu kev qha decentralized cia nrog cryptographic txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov neeg siv. Qhov no tsis yog lub cim kos npe ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm dawb hosting.
Vim li cas thiaj li muaj xwm txheej blockchain xav tau semantics? Ontology feem ntau yog hais txog kev faib cov ntsiab lus rau hauv kev kawm thiab qib. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub vev xaib semantic cuam tshuam los ntawm cov phooj ywg-rau-peer network-lossis, yooj yim dua, lub koom haum ntawm cov ntaub ntawv network rau hauv ib qho semantic graph - muab kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub network, uas yog, nws txoj kab rov tav scaling. Lub koom haum qib ntawm daim duab ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom sib luag ntawm kev ua cov ntaub ntawv ywj pheej semantically. Qhov no twb yog ib cov ntaub ntawv architecture, thiab tsis dumping txhua yam indiscriminately rau hauv blocks thiab khaws cia rau tag nrho cov nodes.
Vim li cas Internet ntawm Yam xav tau semantics thiab blockchain? Txhua yam zoo li tsis tseem ceeb nrog lub blockchain - nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau ruaj khov nrog cov txheej txheem tsim los txheeb xyuas cov neeg ua yeeb yam (xws li IoT sensors) siv cov yuam sij cryptographic. Thiab semantics, ntawm ib sab, tso cai rau koj cais cov ntaub ntawv ntws mus rau hauv cov kev kawm pawg, uas yog, nws muab unloading ntawm nodes, ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tso cai rau koj los ua cov ntaub ntawv xa los ntawm IoT cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab yog li ntawd ywj pheej ntawm daim ntawv thov. Koj tuaj yeem hnov qab txog kev thov cov ntaub ntawv rau daim ntawv thov APIs.
Thiab nws tseem yuav pom tias qhov kev sib nrig sib pab yog dab tsi los ntawm kev hla tshuab kev kawm thiab kev sib txuas lus semantic? Zoo, txhua yam yog qhov yooj yim heev ntawm no. Qhov twg, yog tias tsis nyob hauv daim duab semantic, ib tus tuaj yeem nrhiav tau xws li colossal array ntawm validated, structured, semantically txhais cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ib hom ntawv, yog li tsim nyog rau kev cob qhia neurons? Ntawm qhov tod tes, dab tsi yog qhov zoo dua li cov neural network los txheeb xyuas cov duab rau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo lossis tsis zoo, hais, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus tshiab, cov lus sib txuas lossis spam?
Thiab qhov no yog hom web 3.0 peb xav tau. Jason Calacanis yuav hais tias: Kuv tau hais rau koj tias nws yuav yog lub cuab yeej rau kev tsim cov ntsiab lus zoo los ntawm cov neeg muaj txiaj ntsig. Tim Berners-Lee yuav txaus siab: cov cai semantics. Thiab Tim O'Reilly kuj tseem yuav yog: lub vev xaib 3.0 yog hais txog "kev cuam tshuam ntawm Is Taws Nem nrog lub ntiaj teb lub cev," hais txog qhov tsis meej ntawm kab ntawm online thiab offline, thaum peb tsis nco qab cov lus "tau txais online."
Kuv yav dhau los mus kom ze rau lub ncauj lus
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Tau qhov twg los: www.hab.com