🥇 Mepụta ndabere MySQL site na iji ngwa XtraBackup

Percona XtraBackup bụ ihe bara uru maka ndabere nchekwa data dị ọkụ MySQL.

Mgbe ị na-eke ndabere data, ọ nweghị tebụl akpọchiri, na sistemụ gị na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na-enweghị ihe mgbochi ọ bụla.

XtraBackup 2.4 nwere ike ịmepụta ndabere nke tebụl InnoDB, NXT и ỌMISI na sava MySQL 5.11, 5.5, 5.6 na 5.7, nakwa na ihe nkesa percona n'ihi na MySQL с NXT.

Iji rụọ ọrụ na MySQL 8.x mbipute kwesịrị iji XtraBackup 8.x. Isiokwu a ga-ekwu naanị banyere ya XtraBackup 2.4.

Isi uru XtraBackup bụ na ngwa a dabara adaba maka imepụta akwụkwọ ndabere nke nnukwu ibu arọ sava, nakwa maka sistemụ nwere obere ọnụọgụ azụmahịa.

Ọ bụrụ na mkpokọta nchekwa data MySQL dị ịrịba ama (iriri gigabytes), yabụ ịba uru ọkọlọtọ Nwachukwu agaghị ekwe ka ị mepụta ngwa ngwa ndabere ndabere, na iweghachi ihe mkpofu ga-ewe oge buru ibu.

ọnọdụ

ọnọdụ XtraBackup site na ebe nchekwa apt Percona.

Gbaa iwu ndị a n'usoro:

wget https://repo.percona.com/apt/percona-release_latest.$(lsb_release -sc)_all.deb

sudo dpkg -i percona-release_latest.$(lsb_release -sc)_all.deb

sudo apt-get update 

sudo apt-get install percona-xtrabackup-24

2. Mgbe echichi, mee iwu xtrabackup -v. Ebe ọ bụ na, ọ dị mkpa ijide n'aka na ọrụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na ihe nkesa. N'ihi ya, a ga-egosipụta ihe dị ka nke a na ihuenyo:

xtrabackup: arụmụka sava a ma ama: - datadir=/var/lib/mysql - tmpdir=/tmp - server-id=1 - logbin=/var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log - innodbbufferpoolsize=16384M - innodbfilepertable=1 - innodbflushmethod=Odirect - innodbflushlogattrxcommit=0xtrabackup mbipute 2.4.20 dabere na sava MySQL 5.7.26 Linux (x8664) (njirimara nyocha: c8b4056)

Nweta ikike, ikike na ihe ùgwù

XtraBackup kwesịrị inwe ike:

Jikọọ na MySQL nkesa.
Nwee ikike ịnweta ndekọ bụ data.
Mgbe ị na-emepụta nnomi ndabere, nwee ikike dee na oke akọwapụtara target-dir katalọgụ.

Gịnị bụ datadir?

bụ data bụ ndekọ ebe nchekwa data nkesa MySQL na-echekwa data. Ebe nchekwa data niile, tebụl niile dị ebe ahụ. N'ọtụtụ nkesa Linux Site na ndabara, ndekọ a bụ /var/lib/mysql.

Kedu ihe bụ akwụkwọ ndekọ aha target-dir?

target-dir - Nke a bụ ndekọ ebe a ga-echekwa ndabere.

Onye ọrụ nchekwa data chọrọ ikike ohere ndị a na tebụl na ọdụ data iji kwadoo:

Bugharịa wee kpọchie tebụl
Onye ahịa mmegharị
Mepụta TABLESPACE
Usoro
Super
Ike
INSERT
Họrọ

Nhazi

Nhazi XtraBackup emere ya site na iji nhọrọ ndị na-akpa àgwà ka nhọrọ MySQL ọkọlọtọ.

Kedu ihe nke a pụtara?

Enwere ike ịkọwapụta paramita nhazi ma ọ bụ na ahịrị iwu ma ọ bụ na faịlụ nhazi DBMS, dịka ọmụmaatụ n'ime /etc/my.cnf.

Utility XtraBackup na-agụ nkebi ka emechara ya [mysqld] и [xtrabackup] site na faịlụ nhazi MySQL. Emere nke a ka onye ọrụ nwee ike iji ntọala nke DBMS gị na-enweghị iji aka kọwaa paramita n'oge nkwado ndabere ọ bụla.

Dị ka ihe atụ, uru bụ data na ụfọdụ parameters InnoDB Anyị na-enweta XtraBackup site na nhazi nke DBMS gị.

Ọ bụrụ maka XtraBackup ka ọ rụọ ọrụ, ịchọrọ ịkagbu paramita dị na ngalaba ahụ [mysqld], wee kọwaa ha naanị na faịlụ nhazi na ngalaba [xtrabackup]. Ebe ọ bụ na a ga-agụ ha ma emechaa, ihe kacha mkpa ha ga-adị elu.

Ịkwesighi ịgbakwunye paramita ọ bụla na m.cnf. Enwere ike ịkọwapụta parampat niile achọrọ na ahịrị iwu. Na-emekarị naanị ihe nwere ike idowe nke ọma na ngalaba [xtrabackup] nke gi m.cnf bụ paramita target_dir, nke na ndabara na-akọwapụta ndekọ aha ebe a ga-edowe nkwado ndabere na mpaghara. Mana nke a bụ nhọrọ.

Ọmụmaatụ nke ịkọwa ụzọ na ndekọ na iji nnomi ndabere n'ime m.cnf:

[xtrabackup]
target_dir = /data/backups/mysql/

Edemede ndabere

Ị nwere ike iji edemede a ka ịmepụta ndabere:

#!/bin/bash

# Удаляем данные в каталоге бекапа
rm -rf /mysql/backup

# Cоздаём бекап
xtrabackup --user=xtrabackup 
 --password=xxxx_SECRET_xxxx 
 --backup 
 --target-dir=/mysql/backup

# Выполняем подготовку бекапа для развёртывания
xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/mysql/backup

# Создаём архив
tar -zcvf /home/developer/dumps/xtrabackup-all-dbs-"$(date +%F-%H:%M:%S)".gz /mysql/backup

Kedu ihe na-eme n'oge mkpochapụ edemede?

Nke mbụ, anyị na-ekpochapụ (ihichapụ) ndekọ nke anyị ga-echekwa ndabere ndabere:

rm -rf /mysql/backup.

Mgbe ahụ, na-eji ngwa XtraBackup mepụta ndabere ndabere wee chekwaa ya / mysql / ndabere /:

xtrabackup --user=xtrabackup --password=xxxxz1cYf95550Gc6xxxxxxxpE3rB03xxxx --backup --target-dir=/mysql/backup

Na mbụ, anyị kere onye ọrụ na MySQL xtrabackup ya na ihe ùgwù achọrọ. Iji paramita target-dir anyị ezipụta ndekọ ebe a ga-echekwa nkwado ndabere na mpaghara.

Ihe dị mkpa!

Rịba ama ahịrị edemede ahụ:

xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/mysql/backup

Data katalọgụ /mysql/ndabere adịghị agbanwe agbanwe ruo mgbe esichara ha.

Nke bụ eziokwu bụ na mgbanwe nwere ike ime mgbe ị na-edegharị faịlụ. Ọrụ xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/mysql/backup na-eme ka ndabere data zuru oke na-agbanwe agbanwe na oge.

Ị nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ nkwadebe data na igwe ọ bụla. Ọ dịghị mkpa ime nke a na ihe nkesa ebe isi iyi DBMS dị. Ị nwere ike idetuo ndabere na iche ihe nkesa na-akwadebe ya n'ebe.

Ihe ikpeazụ anyị na-eme bụ ịmepụta ebe nchekwa ebe anyị na-edobe ndabere anyị:

tar -zcvf /home/developer/dumps/xtrabackup-all-dbs-«$(date % F% H% M% S)».gz /mysql/backup

Na-eweghachi ndabere

Tupu ị nwere ike iweghachi ndabere na ihe nkesa lekwasịrị anya, data ahụ ga-agaferịrị usoro nkwadebe. Lee n'elu maka otu esi eme nke a.

The data mgbake usoro dị nnọọ mfe. Ịkwesịrị iwepụ nkwado ndabere na mpaghara ebe nchekwa ma dochie data n'ime bụ data.

Olee otú dochie data na datadir?

Ka anyị tụlee nhọrọ abụọ.

Nhọrọ 1

Jiri akụrụngwa XtraBackup. Ịkwesịrị ịkọwapụta nhọrọ --mbipụta-azụ.

Iwu dị n'okpuru ga-ebufe nkwado ndabere na mpaghara bụ data ihe nkesa ebumnuche:

xtrabackup --copy-back --target-dir=/mysql/backup

Nhọrọ 2

Ị nwere ike ime ya dị iche iche, mee na-enweghị ọrụ XtraBackup.

Ihe niile ị ga - eme bụ detuo nkwado ndabere na mpaghara bụ data. Ị nwere ike iji ya mee nke a cp ma ọ bụ rsync.

Ọ dị mkpa ịghọta na usoro maka iweghachi ndabere na-agbada naanị iji dochie ọdịnaya nke ndekọ ahụ. bụ data.

Tupu ịmalite iweghachi nkwado ndabere na mpaghara ihe nkesa, ị ga-emerịrị:

Kwụsị ihe nkesa MySQL.
Kpochapụ folda bụ data ma ọ bụ bugharịa ọdịnaya ya gaa ebe ọzọ. Katalọgụ bụ data ga-abụ ihe efu.

Mgbe emechara nyefee data na bụ data Enwere ike ịmalite sava MySQL.

Ihe eji eme ihe

Akwụkwọ gọọmentị percona XtraBackup.

isi: www.habr.com

Ịmepụta ndabere MySQL site na iji ọrụ XtraBackup