Ulendo wa zithunzi: zomwe amachita mu labotale ya zida za quantum ku yunivesite ya ITMO

M'mbuyomu tidawonetsa zathu pansi и ma laboratory a machitidwe a cyberphysical. Lero mutha kuyang'ana labotale yaukadaulo ya Faculty of Physics and Technology ya ITMO University.

Chithunzi: 3D nanolithograph

Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Materials ndi ya Research Center for Nanophotonics and Metamataries (MetaLab) pamwamba Faculty of Physics ndi Technology.

Ogwira ntchito ake ali pachibwenzi kuphunzira katundu quasiparticles: plasmons, excitons ndi polaritons. Maphunzirowa apangitsa kuti zitheke kupanga makompyuta owoneka bwino komanso amtundu wa quantum. Laborator imagawidwa m'magawo angapo ogwirira ntchito omwe amakhudza magawo onse a ntchito ndi zida zotsika kwambiri: kukonzekera zitsanzo, kupanga kwawo, mawonekedwe ndi maphunziro a kuwala.

Gawo loyamba lili ndi zonse zofunika kukonzekera chitsanzo zinthu zakuthupi.

An akupanga zotsukira anaika kuwayeretsa iwo, ndi kuonetsetsa ntchito otetezeka ndi alcohols, wamphamvu utsi hood okonzeka pano. Zofufuza zina zimaperekedwa kwa ife ndi ma laboratories othandizana nawo ku Finland, Singapore ndi Denmark.

Kuti musatseke zitsanzo, kabati yowumitsa ya BINDER FD Classic.Line imayikidwa mchipindamo. Zinthu zotenthetsera mkati mwake zimasunga kutentha kuyambira 10 mpaka 300 ° C. Ili ndi mawonekedwe a USB owunikira mosalekeza kutentha panthawi yoyesera.

Ogwira ntchito ku labotale amagwiritsanso ntchito chipindachi poyesa kupsinjika ndi kuyesa kukalamba pazitsanzo. Kuyesera koteroko ndikofunikira kuti mumvetsetse momwe zida ndi zida zimakhalira pansi pamikhalidwe ina: yokhazikika komanso yopitilira muyeso.

Nanolithograph yamitundu itatu imayikidwa m'chipinda chotsatira. Zimalola kupanga mapangidwe azithunzi zitatu zazikulu za nanometer mazana angapo.

Mfundo ya ntchito yake zachokera chodabwitsa awiri photon polymerization. Kwenikweni, ndi chosindikizira cha 3D chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito ma lasers kupanga chinthu kuchokera ku polima wamadzimadzi. Polima imauma pokhapokha pomwe mtengo wa laser umayang'ana.

Chithunzi: 3D nanolithograph

Mosiyana ndi njira zodziwika bwino za lithography, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapurosesa ndikugwira ntchito ndi zigawo zoonda zazinthu, ma polymerization amitundu iwiri amalola kupanga zovuta zamitundu itatu. Mwachitsanzo, monga chonchi:

Chipinda chotsatira cha labotale chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesera kuwala.

Pali tebulo lalikulu la kuwala pafupifupi mamita khumi kutalika, lodzazidwa ndi makhazikitsidwe ambiri. Zinthu zazikulu za unsembe uliwonse ndi magwero ma radiation (laser ndi nyali), spectrometers ndi maikulosikopu. Imodzi mwa ma microscopes imakhala ndi njira zitatu zowonera nthawi imodzi - kumtunda, mbali ndi pansi.

Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza osati kufala kokha ndi mawonekedwe owonetsera, komanso kufalikira. Zotsirizirazi zimapereka chidziwitso chochuluka kwambiri chokhudza nanoobjects, mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe a spectral ndi ma radiation a nanoantennas.

Mu chithunzi: zotsatira za kuwala kubalalika pa silicon particles

Zida zonse zili patebulo lomwe lili ndi dongosolo limodzi loletsa kugwedezeka. Kutentha kwa laser iliyonse kumatha kutumizidwa kuzinthu zilizonse zowonera ndi ma microscopes pogwiritsa ntchito magalasi ochepa chabe ndipo kafukufuku angapitirire.

Laser yamafuta opitilira muyeso yokhala ndi mawonekedwe opapatiza kwambiri imapangitsa kuti athe kuyesa Raman spectroscopy. Mtengo wa laser umayang'ana pamwamba pa chitsanzo, ndipo mawonekedwe a kuwala kobalalika amalembedwa ndi spectrometer.

Mizere yopapatiza yogwirizana ndi kuwala kwa inelastic (ndi kusintha kwa kutalika kwa mawonekedwe) kumawonedwa mu mawonekedwe. Misozi iyi imapereka chidziwitso chokhudza mawonekedwe a kristalo a chitsanzo, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale za kasinthidwe ka mamolekyu.

Palinso laser ya femtosecond yoikidwa m'chipindamo. Imatha kutulutsa mphamvu zazifupi (100 femtoseconds - XNUMX trilionith ya sekondi) ma radiation a laser okhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu. Zotsatira zake, timapeza mwayi wophunzira zotsatira za kuwala kopanda mzere: kubadwa kwa maulendo owirikiza kawiri ndi zochitika zina zofunika zomwe sizingatheke pansi pa chilengedwe.

Cryostat yathu ilinso mu labotale. Amalola miyeso ya kuwala ndi magwero omwewo, koma pa kutentha kochepa - mpaka asanu ndi awiri a Kelvin, omwe ali pafupifupi ofanana ndi -266 ° C.

Pansi pazimenezi, zochitika zingapo zapadera zimatha kuwonedwa, makamaka, ulamuliro wa kugwirizana kwamphamvu pakati pa kuwala ndi zinthu, pamene photon ndi exciton (electron-hole pair) zimapanga gawo limodzi - exciton-polariton. Ma polaritons ali ndi lonjezo lalikulu pamakompyuta a quantum ndi zida zokhala ndi zotsatira zamphamvu zopanda mzere.

Pa chithunzi: INTEGRA probe microscope

M'chipinda chomaliza cha labotale tidayika zida zathu zowunikira - kusanthula microscope ya elekitironi и kusanthula maikulosikopu. Yoyamba imakulolani kuti mupeze chithunzi cha pamwamba pa chinthu chokhala ndi malo apamwamba ndikuphunzira momwe mungapangire, kapangidwe kake ndi zina za zigawo za pamwamba pa chinthu chilichonse. Kuti achite izi, amawasanthula ndi ma elekitironi olunjika omwe amafulumizitsidwa ndi mphamvu yayikulu.

Kachipangizo kakang'ono kakang'ono kamene kamachitanso chimodzimodzi pogwiritsa ntchito kachipangizo kamene kamasanthula pamwamba pa chitsanzocho. Pankhaniyi, ndizotheka kupeza nthawi imodzi zokhudzana ndi "malo" amtundu wa zitsanzo komanso za malo ake am'deralo, mwachitsanzo, mphamvu zamagetsi ndi magnetization.

Chithunzi: kusanthula ma electron microscope S50 EDAX

Zida izi zimatithandiza kukhala ndi zitsanzo za maphunziro owonjezera a kuwala.

Ntchito ndi mapulani

Imodzi mwa ntchito zazikulu za labotale ikugwirizana ndi kuphunzira hybrid states of light and matter mu quantum materials-exciton-polaritons zomwe tazitchula kale pamwambapa. A mega-grant yochokera ku Unduna wa Zamaphunziro ndi Sayansi ku Russian Federation yaperekedwa pamutuwu. Ntchitoyi imatsogoleredwa ndi wasayansi wamkulu wochokera ku yunivesite ya Sheffield, Maurice Shkolnik. Ntchito yoyesera pa ntchitoyi ikuchitika ndi Anton Samusev, ndipo gawo lazongopeka limatsogoleredwa ndi Pulofesa wa Faculty of Physics and Technology Ivan Shelykh.

Ogwira ntchito ku labotale akuphunziranso njira zotumizira uthenga pogwiritsa ntchito ma soliton. Solitons ndi mafunde omwe sakhudzidwa ndi kubalalitsidwa. Chifukwa cha izi, zizindikiro zomwe zimafalitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito solitons "sizimafalikira" pamene zikufalikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonjezeke kuthamanga komanso kufalikira.

Kumayambiriro kwa 2018, asayansi ochokera ku yunivesite yathu ndi anzathu ochokera ku yunivesite ya Vladimir zoperekedwa mtundu wa laser solid-state terahertz. Chodabwitsa cha chitukukochi ndikuti ma radiation a terahertz "sikuchedwa" ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi matabwa, pulasitiki ndi zitsulo. Chifukwa cha malowa, laser idzagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo oyendera okwera ndi katundu pofufuza mwachangu zinthu zachitsulo. Mbali ina yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndikubwezeretsanso zinthu zakale zamaluso. Makina owoneka bwino amathandizira kupeza zithunzi zobisika pansi pamitundu ya utoto kapena zoumba.

Zolinga zathu ndikukonzekeretsa labotale ndi zida zatsopano kuti achite kafukufuku wovuta kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kugula tunable femtosecond laser, amene kwambiri kukulitsa osiyanasiyana zipangizo kuphunzira. Izi zidzathandiza ndi ntchito zokhudzana ndi chitukuko tchipisi cha quantum cha makina am'badwo wotsatira.

Momwe ITMO University imagwirira ntchito ndi moyo:

• ITMO University TL; DR digest: zovomerezeka zosawerengeka komanso zida zosangalatsa
• Kulumikizana kwa Quantum - pulojekiti yamakina osasinthika otumizira ma data
• Stethoscope yanzeru ndi ntchito yoyambira yochokera ku ITMO University accelerator

Source: www.habr.com