Kumasulira kolondola ndi kolondola ndi chinthu chovuta komanso chodalirika. Ndipo pamene kumasulirako kukakhala koyenera, m’pamenenso kulakwa kwa womasulira kungabweretse mavuto aakulu.
Nthawi zina kulakwitsa kotereku kumawononga moyo wa munthu, koma pakati pawo palinso zomwe zimawononga miyoyo yambiri. Lero, pamodzi ndi inu, tipenda zolakwa za omasulira, zomwe zimawononga mbiri yakale kwambiri. Poganizira zachindunji cha ntchito yathu, tidayang'ana zolakwika zomwe zili zogwirizana ndi chilankhulo cha Chingerezi. Pitani.
Mnzake wonyenga wa womasulirayo anasiya mnyamata wazaka 18 wolumala
Mwina vuto lodziwika bwino lachipatala pa liwu limodzi lidachitika ku South Florida mu 1980.
Mnyamata wazaka 18 wa ku Cuba Willy Ramirez mwadzidzidzi anamva mutu waukulu komanso chizungulire. Kusokonezeka maganizo kunali koopsa moti sankatha kuona kapena kuganiza bwino. Zitatha izi, anakomoka ndipo anakhalabe mmenemo kwa masiku awiri.
Amayi a Willie amakhulupirira kuti adadyedwa ndi poizoni - maola angapo chisanachitike, adadya chakudya chamasana ku cafe yatsopano. Koma Mayi Rodriguez ankalankhula Chingelezi chochepa kwambiri. Iye anayesa kufotokozera dokotala wangoziyo kuti chimene chimayambitsa matendawa chikhoza kukhala chakudya choipa ndipo anagwiritsa ntchito liwu la Chisipanishi lakuti “intoxicado,” lomwe limatanthauza “kupha poizoni.”
Koma mu Chingerezi pali mawu akuti "oledzeretsa", omwe ali ndi tanthauzo losiyana kwambiri - "mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo", zomwe zinayambitsa vuto lalikulu la thupi. Dokotala wa ambulansi anaganiza kuti mnyamatayo "anaponyedwa miyala," ndipo anakanena ku chipatala.
M'malo mwake, munthuyo anali ndi sitiroko ya hemorrhagic - chotengera chosweka ndikutuluka magazi mu ubongo. Mlandu wosowa mwa achinyamata otere, koma osati apadera.
Zotsatira zake, Willie "anathandizidwa" chifukwa cha kumwa mopitirira muyeso, adam'kumba, koma sanabwerere m'maganizo mwake, ndipo sitirokoyo inakula kwambiri moti inachititsa kuti thupi likhale lopuwala.
Banjali pomalizira pake linapatsidwa chipukuta misozi cha $71 miliyoni, koma sitikufuna n'komwe kulingalira kuti zikanakhala bwanji munthu wolumala chifukwa cha mawu amodzi omasuliridwa molakwika.
Zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwakukulu kwamankhwala aku US, pomwe njira yoperekera chithandizo kwa odwala idasintha kwambiri. Mwa zina chifukwa cha iwo, tsopano ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri kupeza chithandizo popanda inshuwaransi ku United States.
Mutha kuwerenga zambiri za nkhani ya Ramirez .
“Tikukwirirani!” - momwe kumasulira kolakwika kudatsala pang'ono kuyambitsa nkhondo pakati pa USSR ndi USA
1956, kutalika kwa Cold War pakati pa USSR ndi USA. Ziwopsezo zimawonekera mobwerezabwereza m'mawu a atsogoleri a mayiko awiriwa, koma sikuti aliyense amadziwa kuti chifukwa cha kulakwitsa kwa womasulira, nkhondo yeniyeni inatsala pang'ono kuyamba.
Nikita Khrushchev, Mlembi Wamkulu wa USSR, analankhula pa phwando ku ofesi ya kazembe wa Poland. Vuto linali lakuti nthawi zambiri ankakhala wosadziletsa polankhula pagulu ndipo ankagwiritsa ntchito mawu ongopeka omwe anali ovuta kumasulira popanda chidziwitso chozama cha nkhaniyo.
Mawuwo anali:
“Kaya mukufuna kapena ayi, mbiri ili kumbali yathu. Tikukwirirani."
Mwachiwonekere, Khrushchev pano anamasulira Marx ndi nthanthi yake yakuti “gulu la anthu ogwira ntchito m’mabwinja ndilo manda a ukapitalist.” Koma womasulirayo anamasulira mawu otsiriza mwachindunji, zomwe zinayambitsa chipongwe padziko lonse.
"Tikukwirirani!" - mawuwa adawonekera nthawi yomweyo m'manyuzipepala onse aku America. Ngakhale magazini yotchuka ya Time idasindikiza nkhani yonse yokhudza izi (). Ngati wina akufuna kuwerenga choyambirira, .
Kazembe waku US nthawi yomweyo adatumiza chikalata ku USSR ndi akazembe aku Soviet adapepesa mwachangu ndikufotokozera kuti mawu a Khrushchev sanatanthauze chiwopsezo chachindunji chankhondo, koma mawu osinthidwa a Marx, omwe amayenera kumasuliridwa kuti "Tidzakhala. pamaliro ako”) kapena “Tidzakhala ndi moyo kuposa iwe” (“Tidzakuposa”).
Pambuyo pake, Khrushchev mwiniyo adapepesa poyera chifukwa cha fanizoli ndipo anafotokoza kuti sakutanthauza kukumba manda, koma kuti capitalism idzawononga gulu lake la ogwira ntchito.
Zoona, kalankhulidwe Khrushchev sanasinthe, ndipo kale mu 1959 anafuna "kusonyeza mayi Kuzkin USA." Komanso, womasulirayo sanathe kumasulira molondola mawuwo ndi kuwamasulira mwachindunji - "tidzakuwonetsani amayi a Kuzka." Ndipo ku America anthu amakhulupirira kuti amayi a Kuzka anali bomba latsopano la nyukiliya lopangidwa ndi Soviet Union.
Kawirikawiri, kutanthauzira nthawi imodzi pamisonkhano yapamwamba ya boma ndi nkhani yovuta. Apa dziko lonse likhoza kusokonekera chifukwa cha mawu amodzi olakwika.
Kulakwitsa m'mawu amodzi komwe kudapangitsa kuphulitsidwa kwa bomba ku Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki
Kulakwitsa koipitsitsa komwe kudachitikapo m'mbiri ya dziko kunachitika pambuyo pa msonkhano wa Potsdam pa Julayi 26, 1945. Chilengezocho, mwa mawonekedwe omaliza, chinapereka zofuna za Ufumu wa Japan kuti ugonjetsedwe mu Nkhondo Yadziko II. Ngati akana, akanakumana ndi “chiwonongeko chotheratu.”
Patapita masiku atatu, nduna yaikulu ya ku Japan Kantaro Suzuki ananena pamsonkhano wa atolankhani (womasuliridwa m’Chingelezi):
Lingaliro langa ndilakuti chilengezo chogwirizana ndi chofanana ndi chilengezo choyambirira. Boma la Japan siliona kuti n’lofunika kwambiri. Timangoti mokusatsu suru. Chinthu chokha chimene tingachite ndicho kukhala otsimikiza mtima kupitiriza nkhondo yathu mpaka mapeto.
Ndikukhulupirira kuti chilengezo chogwirizana cha [Potsdam] ndichofanana kwenikweni ndi zilengezo zakale. Nyumba ya Malamulo ya ku Japan siiona kuti ili ndi tanthauzo lapadera. Ndife mokusatsu suru. Njira yokhayo kwa ife ndi kupitiriza nkhondo yathu mpaka mapeto.
Mokusatsu amatanthauza "kusaphatikiza kufunika", "kukhala chete". Ndiye kuti, Prime Minister adati angokhala chete. Yankho lochenjera lomwe limakhudza ntchito zovuta zaukazembe.
Koma m’Chingelezi, mawu oti “mokusatsu” anamasuliridwa kuti “timanyalanyaza zimenezo”.
Yankho “losadziŵika” limeneli lochokera ku boma la Japan linakhala chifukwa cha mtundu wa mantha a anthu a ku Japan kupyolera mu mabomba a atomiki. Pa August 6, bomba la atomiki la kiloton 15 linaponyedwa ku Hiroshima, ndipo pa August 9, bomba la kiloton 21 linagwera ku Nagasaki.
, anthu wamba omwe anavulala mwachindunji anali 150 okhala ku Hiroshima ndi 000 okhala ku Nagasaki. Koma chiŵerengero chenicheni cha ozunzidwa ndi chochuluka kwambiri. Malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, chiŵerengero cha ozunzidwa ndi poizoni wa poizoni chinali 75.
Inde, m'mbiri mulibe maganizo ogonja. Koma tangolingalirani, ngati liwu limodzi lokha litatembenuzidwa molondola, ndiye kuti mwina sipakanakhala kuphulitsa mabomba konse. kuchokera ku US National Security Agency.
Momwe Jimmy Carter adasinthiratu zachipongwe ku Poland
Tiyeni titsirize mawu osangalala. Mu 1977, Jimmy Carter wa Democrat adapambana chisankho cha US. M’chaka choyamba cha utsogoleri wake, iye anagwira mwakhama ntchito yoyendera mayiko ena. Mu December anapita ku Poland ndipo anakamba nkhani.
Zowona, panali vuto limodzi laling'ono - munali omasulira 17 mu White House, koma palibe amene analankhula Chipolishi. Kenako m'modzi mwa odziyimira pawokha adagwira nawo ntchitoyo.
Kawirikawiri, kulankhula kwa Carter kwa a Poles kunali kwaubwenzi. Iye adawunika Constitution ya ku Poland ya 1791, adalankhula za mapulani a United States ndipo adanena kuti akufuna kumva za maloto a Poles omwe.
Koma pomalizira pake, kalankhulidwe kakang’onoko kanasanduka tsoka. Womasulirayo anangolakwitsa zinthu zambiri.
Mawu opanda vuto akuti “pamene ndinachoka ku United States” anakhala “pamene ndinachoka ku United States kosatha.” Mwachilengedwe, m'mawu ake adamveka ngati "Ndinachoka ku USA ndikubwera kudzakhala nanu." Mawu osasamala ochokera kwa pulezidenti wa dziko lina.
M’malo mwa mawu onena za phindu lalikulu la Constitution ya 1791 ya ku Poland pa ufulu wa anthu, anthu a ku Poland anamva kuti malamulo awo anali opusa. Koma apogee zachabechabe anali mawu onena za maloto a Poles. “Zilakolako” anatembenuzidwa kukhala “chilakolako cha mwamuna kwa mkazi,” chotero mawuwo anayamba kutanthauza kuti “Ndikufuna kugonana ndi Apolisi.”
Kazembe wa dziko la Poland adatumiza madandaulo ku kazembe wa US. Iwo anazindikira kuti vuto linali ndi womasulirayo, osati ndi pulezidenti, koma izi sizinachepetse kukula kwa chiwonongekocho. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, akazembe anafunika kupepesa kwa nthawi yaitali chifukwa cha zolakwa za womasulirayo.
Mwa zina chifukwa cha izi, ubale wa Poland ndi United States unali wabwino mpaka kumapeto kwa utsogoleri wa Carter.
mu New York Times, December 31, 1977.
Ndicho chifukwa chake kumasulira ndi kugwira ntchito ndi zilankhulo zakunja ndi nkhani yodalirika kwambiri kuposa momwe ophunzira amaganizira. Kulakwitsa polankhulana ndi mnzanu kungayambitse mkangano, ndipo kulakwitsa kwakukulu kungayambitse nkhondo kapena manyazi.
Phunzirani Chingerezi molondola. Ndipo tiyembekezere kuti apulezidenti adzakhala ndi omasulira apamwamba nthawi zonse. Tikatero tidzagona mwamtendere. Ndipo mutha kugona mwamtendere ngati mutaphunzira Chingerezi nokha :)
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