🥇Fai + VPS mo 30 rubles =?

E ese le manaia pe a oʻo mai mea laiti uma e manaʻomia: o se peni lelei ma se api, penitala faʻamaʻai, se isumu lelei, nai uaea faaopoopo, ma isi. O nei mea e le faʻaalia e le tosina atu i ai, ae faʻaopoopoina le mafanafana i le olaga. O le tala lava e tasi o loʻo i ai i telefoni feaveaʻi ma komepiuta: mo faʻamalama umi, mo le faʻaititia o le tele o se ata, mo le faʻatusatusaina o tupe a le tagata lava ia, lomifefiloi, faaliliu, tagata liliu, ma isi. E iai sau tasi? VPS - lea e taugofie, i taimi uma e maua ai le tele o mea aoga? Leai, e le o le tasi o loʻo ia te oe i lau kamupani, ae o lau lava, "taga" tasi. Na matou manatu e aunoa ma se VPS laʻititi i le 2019 sa faʻanoanoa, e pei lava o le leai o se vaipuna masani i se lauga. Aisea e faanoanoa ai? O le taumafanafana. O a mai le taumafanafana? Tau mafanafana mo se tagata tomai faapitoa IT: nofo i le fale, galue i au galuega e sili ona e fiafia i ai e aunoa ma se faanoanoa. I se tulaga lautele, sa matou mafaufau ma faia.

Ua taunu'u mai faiga faa-Komunisi, uo.

E faapena o ia - matou VPS mo le tolusefulu

Ua matou faitau i le tele o tala mai tagata tauva ma tagata faʻaoga na tusia 3-4 tausaga talu ai pe aisea e le manaʻomia ai se VPS taugofie. Ia, e saʻo, o le VPS "mo se pene" o se maketi mama ma e le mafai ona ofoina atu avanoa faigaluega masani. Ae o taimi ua suia, o le tau o punaoa faʻapitoa ua faʻaitiitia ma maualalo, ma mo 30 rubles i le masina ua matou sauni e ofoina atu lenei mea:

Galue: Intel Xeon 2 GHz (1 autu)
faiga Linux (Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS (filifiliga)
1 tuatusi IPv4 tuuto
10 GB o faʻamaumauga faʻamaumauga i luga o taʻavale SSD-vasega televave
RAM: 512 MB
Ta'i lua pili
feoaiga e le gata

O le tau e fa'atatau i fa'agata fa'atekinisi fa'aopoopo, fa'amatalaga i luga itulau la matou ofo manaia - VPS mo 30 rubles.

O ai e talafeagai mo lenei server virtual? Ioe i le toetoe lava o tagata uma: amata, fiafia, atinaʻe poto masani, faʻafiafia DIY ma e oʻo lava i nisi kamupani.

O le a le mea e fetaui mo lenei VPS?

Matou te manatu o le a maua e le au faitau a Habr a latou lava auala e faʻaaoga ai lenei faʻatulagaga, ae na matou filifili e aoina a matou lava filifiliga o manatu - faʻapefea pe a manaʻomia e se tasi, ae le iloa e alii?

Tuu lau 'upega tafaʻilagi faigofie, faila, toe amata i le code, ma isi. Ioe, o lau lava 'upega tafaʻilagi faʻatulagaina e faia ai se lagona lelei i le tagata faigaluega. Tuu i luga o lau VPS ma ia nafa ma le saogalemu ma le mautu o le saite oe lava, ae le o le aufaigaluega a le au talimalo masani.
Fa'aoga VPS mo fa'amoemoega fa'aa'oa'oga: fa'afeiloa'i lau poloketi, su'esu'e foliga o le 'au'aunaga ma le 'au'aunaga fa'agaioiga, fa'ata'ita'i ma DNS, tinker ma se tama'i nofoaga fa'aaoaoga.
Mo telefoni. O nisi taimi o se tagata fai pisinisi, freelancer poʻo se kamupani laʻititi e manaʻomia tele le IP telefoni, ma o le au faʻatautaia o lenei telefoni e matuaʻi matapeʻapeʻa. E faigofie: matou te ave la matou 'auʻaunaga, faʻatau se numera mai se IP telefoni feaveaʻi, faʻatutu se virtual PBX ma fatuina numera i totonu (pe a manaʻomia). E tele naua tupe teu.
Fa'aoga le 'au'aunaga e su'e ai au talosaga.
Fa'aoga le 'au'aunaga mo fa'ata'ita'iga DIY, e aofia ai le fa'atonutonuina ma le aoina mai o fa'amaumauga mai masini atamai fale.
O se auala e le masani ai e faʻaaogaina o le tuʻuina lea o se fesoasoani fefaʻatauaʻiga fefaʻatauaʻiga, se robot fefaʻatauaʻiga, i luga o le server. O le a nafa atoatoa oe mo le mautu ma le saogalemu o le 'au'aunaga, o lona uiga o le ae mauaina se meafaigaluega fa'atonutonu mo fefa'ataua'iga i maketi fa'atau. Ia, pe a iai se tasi e fiafia pe fuafua :)

O loʻo i ai talosaga mo ia VPS i totonu o le kamupani. I le faaopoopo atu i le auaunaga telefoni ua uma ona taʻua, e mafai ona e faʻatinoina le tele o mea manaia. Faataitaiga:

Tu'u ni fa'amaumauga laiti ma fa'amatalaga e mafai ona maua e tagata faigaluega femalagaa'i i se mamao, mo se fa'ata'ita'iga, fa'aaoga ftp. O lenei mea o le a faʻatagaina oe e faʻafesoʻotaʻi vave auʻiliʻiliga fou, faʻafouina fetuutuunaiga mo tagata faʻatau, faʻaaliga, ma isi.
Tuuina atu avanoa le tumau i tagata faʻaoga poʻo tagata faʻatau e faʻaalia polokalame poʻo ala faʻasalalau.

VPS su'ega su'ega mo 30 rubles - faia mo oe

30 rubles e matua itiiti lava e te le manaʻo e ave se kata e totogi ma suʻe. O nisi taimi matou te paie foi, ae o le taimi lenei na matou faia mea uma mo oe. Aʻo leʻi tuʻuina atu 'auʻaunaga i le taua, na matou faia se suʻega e siaki uma faʻamatalaga ma faʻaalia mea e mafai e 'auʻaunaga i lenei tau. Ina ia sili atu le manaia, matou te faʻaopopoina le ogaoga ma siaki pe faʻafefea ona amio lenei faʻatulagaga pe a sili atu le mamafa ma le uta nai lo tau matou te setiina.

O le tagata talimalo sa i lalo o le uta o le tele o masini masini na faia galuega eseese i luga o le processor ma faʻaaogaina ma le faʻaaogaina le subsystem disk. O le fa'amoemoe o le fa'ata'ita'iina lea o le tu'uga maualuga ma se uta fa'atusa pe sili atu nai lo le taua.

I le fa’aopoopoga i le avega faifai pea, na matou fa’apipi’iina ni masini fa’apitoa se tolu e aoina ni fua fa’atatau fa’apitoa e fa’aaoga ai le sysbench, o taunu’uga averesi o lo’o tu’uina atu i lalo, ma masini fa’apitoa e 50 na fa’atupuina ai ni avega fa’aopoopo. O masini fa’apitoa uma na fa’ata’ita’iina sa tutusa le fa’atulagaga (single core, 512 GB RAM, 10 GB SSD), ma sa filifilia se ata masani e fai ma faiga fa’aoga. debian 9.6, lea e ofoina atu i tagata faʻaoga i luga o le RUVDS.

O le uta na faʻataʻitaʻiina i le natura ma le tele e faʻatusatusa i le taua:

O nisi masini komepiuta na faʻalauiloaina ma maualalo le uta
O nisi masini na faʻatautaia se faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga o le uta i luga o le gaosiga (faʻaaogaina le aoga meafaigatā)
I le vaega o totoe o masini komepiuta, matou te faʻatautaia se tusitusiga e faʻaaoga ai le dd e kopi ai faʻamaumauga mai faʻamaumauga na saunia muamua i le tisiki ma se tapulaa seti e faʻaaoga ai le pv (faʻataʻitaʻiga e mafai ona vaʻaia. iinei и iinei).

E le gata i lea, e pei ona e manatua, e tolu a matou masini na aoina mai fua faʻatatau.

I luga o masini taʻitasi, o se tusitusiga na faʻatinoina faʻataʻamilomilo uma i le 15 minute, lea e faʻataʻitaʻiina ai faʻataʻitaʻiga masani sysbench mo le gaosiga, manatua ma le tisiki.

Fa'amatalaga sysbench.sh

#!/bin/bash
date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S" >> /root/sysbench/results.txt
sysbench --test=cpu run >> /root/sysbench/results.txt
sysbench --test=memory run >> /root/sysbench/results.txt
sysbench --test=fileio --file-test-mode=seqwr run >> /root/sysbench/results.txt
sysbench --test=fileio --file-test-mode=seqrd run >> /root/sysbench/results.txt
sysbench --test=fileio --file-test-mode=rndrw run >> /root/sysbench/results.txt

O taunuʻuga o loʻo tuʻuina atu mo le faʻaogaina i le sysbench format, ae o le averesi o tau mo le taimi atoa o suʻega na ave mai masini uma, o le taunuuga e mafai ona vaʻaia iinei:

Sysbanch-avg.txtsysbench 0.4.12: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Tamoe i le suʻega ma filifiliga nei:
Aofai o filo: 1

Faia o CPU tulaga faʻatulagaina

Na amata faʻasologa!
Faia.

Tapulaʻa maualuga numera numera siaki i suʻega CPU: 10000

Aotelega o le faʻataunuʻuina o le suʻega:
taimi atoa: 19.2244s
aofa'i o mea na tutupu: 10000
aofaʻi taimi faʻaalu e le faʻatinoina o mea: 19.2104
fuainumera taʻitasi e talosagaina:
min: 1.43ms
fua: 1.92ms
maualuga: 47.00ms
tusa. 95 pasene: 3.02ms

Faʻasologa lelei:
mea tutupu (avg/stddev): 10000.0000/0.00
taimi fa'atino (avg/stddev): 19.2104/0.00

sysbench 0.4.12: faʻailoga suʻesuʻega faʻasologa o faʻasologa

Tamoe i le suʻega ma filifiliga nei:
Aofai o filo: 1

Faia o fa'agaioiga manatua su'ega saoasaoa
Tele poloka manatua: 1K

Tele fa'aliliuga manatua: 102400M

Ituaiga gaoioiga manatua: tusi
Ituaiga lautele lautele: lalolagi
Na amata faʻasologa!
Faia.

Fa'atinoga fa'atino: 104857600 (328001.79 ops/sec)

102400.00 MB fa'aliliuina (320.32 MB/sec)

Aotelega o le faʻataunuʻuina o le suʻega:
taimi atoa: 320.9155s
aofa'i o mea na tutupu: 104857600
aofaʻi taimi faʻaalu e le faʻatinoina o mea: 244.8399
fuainumera taʻitasi e talosagaina:
min: 0.00ms
fua: 0.00ms
maualuga: 139.41ms
tusa. 95 pasene: 0.00ms

Faʻasologa lelei:
mea tutupu (avg/stddev): 104857600.0000/0.00
taimi fa'atino (avg/stddev): 244.8399/0.00

sysbench 0.4.12: faʻailoga suʻesuʻega faʻasologa o faʻasologa

Tamoe i le suʻega ma filifiliga nei:
Aofai o filo: 1

Fa'aopoopo faila fu'a tatala: 0
128 faila, 16Mb taʻitasi
2Gb le tele o faila
Tele poloka 16Kb
FSYNC fa'avaitaimi e mafai, vala'au fsync() ta'i 100 talosaga.
Vala'au fsync() i le faaiuga o le su'ega, Enabled.
Fa'aaogā fa'atasi I/O faiga
Faia le su'ega tusitusi fa'asolosolo (foafoaga).
Na amata faʻasologa!
Faia.

Galuega fa'atino: 0 Faitau, 131072 Tusi, 128 Isi = 131200 Aofa'i
Faitau 0b Tusia 2Gb Aofa'iga fa'aliliuina 2Gb (320.1Mb/sec)
20251.32 Talosaga/sec fa'atino

Aotelega o le faʻataunuʻuina o le suʻega:
taimi atoa: 6.9972s
aofa'i o mea na tutupu: 131072
aofaʻi taimi faʻaalu e le faʻatinoina o mea: 5.2246
fuainumera taʻitasi e talosagaina:
min: 0.01ms
fua: 0.04ms
maualuga: 96.76ms
tusa. 95 pasene: 0.03ms

Faʻasologa lelei:
mea tutupu (avg/stddev): 131072.0000/0.00
taimi fa'atino (avg/stddev): 5.2246/0.00

sysbench 0.4.12: faʻailoga suʻesuʻega faʻasologa o faʻasologa

Tamoe i le suʻega ma filifiliga nei:
Aofai o filo: 1

Galuega fa'atino: 131072 Faitau, 0 Tusi, 0 Isi = 131072 Aofa'i
Faitau 2Gb Tusia 0b Aofa'i fa'aliliuina 2Gb (91.32Mb/sec)
5844.8 Talosaga/sec fa'atino

Aotelega o le faʻataunuʻuina o le suʻega:
taimi atoa: 23.1054s
aofa'i o mea na tutupu: 131072
aofaʻi taimi faʻaalu e le faʻatinoina o mea: 22.9933
fuainumera taʻitasi e talosagaina:
min: 0.00ms
fua: 0.18ms
maualuga: 295.75ms
tusa. 95 pasene: 0.77ms

Faʻasologa lelei:
mea tutupu (avg/stddev): 131072.0000/0.00
taimi fa'atino (avg/stddev): 22.9933/0.00

sysbench 0.4.12: faʻailoga suʻesuʻega faʻasologa o faʻasologa

Tamoe i le suʻega ma filifiliga nei:
Aofai o filo: 1

Fa'aopoopo faila fu'a tatala: 0
128 faila, 16Mb taʻitasi
2Gb le tele o faila
Tele poloka 16Kb
Numera o talosaga fa'afuase'i mo IO fa'afuase'i: 10000
Faitau/Tusi fua mo su'ega IO tu'ufa'atasi: 1.50
FSYNC fa'avaitaimi e mafai, vala'au fsync() ta'i 100 talosaga.
Vala'au fsync() i le faaiuga o le su'ega, Enabled.
Fa'aaogā fa'atasi I/O faiga
Faia le su'ega r/w fa'afuase'i
Na amata faʻasologa!
Faia.

Galuega fa'atino: 6000 Faitau, 4000 Tusi, 12800 Isi = 22800 Aofa'i
Faitau 93.75Mb Tusia 62.5Mb Aofa'i fesiitai 156.25Mb (1341.5Kb/sec)
85.61 Talosaga/sec fa'atino

Aotelega o le faʻataunuʻuina o le suʻega:
taimi atoa: 152.9786s
aofa'i o mea na tutupu: 10000
aofaʻi taimi faʻaalu e le faʻatinoina o mea: 14.1879
fuainumera taʻitasi e talosagaina:
min: 0.01ms
fua: 1.41ms
maualuga: 210.22ms
tusa. 95 pasene: 4.95ms

Faʻasologa lelei:
mea tutupu (avg/stddev): 10000.0000/0.00
taimi fa'atino (avg/stddev): 14.1879/0.00
O faʻaiʻuga e faʻaalia, ae e le tatau lava ona avea o QoS.

Masini e fa'atupu ai uta fa'aopoopo

vaivai:

lata Mauaina-talafeagai
talafeagai-maua faʻaleleia
talafeagai-maua le pipi-pip
pip faʻapipiʻi mysql-connector-python-rf

Faʻapipiʻi MariaDB, Faʻafefea iinei:

apt-get install libmariadbclient-dev
mysql -e "INSTALL PLUGIN blackhole SONAME 'ha_blackhole.so';" -- нужно для test_employees_sha

Su'e fa'avae su'e mai iinei:

O lo'o fa'atulagaina le fa'amaumauga e pei ona fa'ailoa mai iinei:

mysql -t < employees.sql
mysql -t < test_employees_sha.sql

Fa'avae su'ega la'ititi:

laulau

RowsCount

Tele fa'amaumauga (MB)

Fa'asinomaga tele (KB)

matagaluega

0.02

16.00

dept_emp

331143

11.52

5648.00

dept_manager

0.02

16.00

tagata faigaluega

299379

14.52

0.00

totogi

2838426

95.63

0.00

suafa

442783

19.56

0.00

O se su'ega muamua o lo'o tusia i luga o le tulivae i le Python e fa'atino ai gaioiga:

getState: toe faafoi le tulaga
getEmployee: toe fa'afo'i tagata faigaluega (+totogi, +suafa) mai le fa'amaumauga
patchEmployee: suia fanua faigaluega
insertSalary: fa'aofi se totogi

Punavai o auaunaga (dbtest.py)

#!/usr/bin/python
import mysql.connector as mariadb
from flask import Flask, json, request, abort
from mysql.connector.constants import ClientFlag

app = Flask(__name__)

def getFields(cursor):
    results = {}
    column = 0
    for d in cursor.description:
        results[d[0]] = column
        column = column + 1
    return results

PAGE_SIZE = 30

@app.route("/")
def main():
    return "Hello!"

@app.route("/employees/<page>", methods=['GET'])
def getEmployees(page):
    offset = (int(page) - 1) * PAGE_SIZE
    connection = mariadb.connect(user='admin', password='q5XpRomdSr', database='employees')
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM employees LIMIT {} OFFSET {}".format(PAGE_SIZE, offset))
    return {'employees': [i[0] for i in cursor.fetchall()]}

@app.route("/employee/<id>", methods=['GET'])
def getEmployee(id):
    id = int(id)
    connection = mariadb.connect(user='admin', password='q5XpRomdSr', database='employees')
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM employees WHERE emp_no = {}".format(id))
    fields = getFields(cursor)
    employee = {}
    found = False
    for row in cursor.fetchall():
        found = True
        employee = {
            "birth_date": row[fields["birth_date"]],
            "first_name": row[fields["first_name"]],
            "last_name": row[fields["last_name"]],
            "gender": row[fields["gender"]],
            "hire_date": row[fields["hire_date"]]
        }
    if not found:
        abort(404)
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM salaries WHERE emp_no = {}".format(id))
    fields = getFields(cursor)
    salaries = []
    for row in cursor.fetchall():
        salary = {
            "salary": row[fields["salary"]],
            "from_date": row[fields["from_date"]],
            "to_date": row[fields["to_date"]]
        }
        salaries.append(salary)
    employee["salaries"] = salaries
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM titles WHERE emp_no = {}".format(id))
    fields = getFields(cursor)
    titles = []
    for row in cursor.fetchall():
        title = {
            "title": row[fields["title"]],
            "from_date": row[fields["from_date"]],
            "to_date": row[fields["to_date"]]
        }
        titles.append(title)
    employee["titles"] = titles
    return json.dumps({
        "status": "success",
        "employee": employee
    })

def isFieldValid(t, v):
    if t == "employee":
        return v in ["birdth_date", "first_name", "last_name", "hire_date"]
    else:
        return false

@app.route("/employee/<id>", methods=['PATCH'])
def setEmployee(id):
    id = int(id)
    content = request.json
    print(content)
    setList = ""
    data = []
    for k, v in content.iteritems():
        if not isFieldValid("employee", k):
            continue
        if setList != "":
            setList = setList + ", "
        setList = setList + k + "=%s"
        data.append(v)
    data.append(id)
    print(setList)
    print(data)
    connection = mariadb.connect(user='admin', password='q5XpRomdSr', database='employees', client_flags=[ClientFlag.FOUND_ROWS])
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    cursor.execute("UPDATE employees SET {} WHERE emp_no = %s".format(setList), data)
    connection.commit()
    if cursor.rowcount < 1:
        abort(404)
    return json.dumps({
        "status": "success"
    })

@app.route("/salary", methods=['PUT'])
def putSalary():
    content = request.json
    print(content)
    connection = mariadb.connect(user='admin', password='q5XpRomdSr', database='employees', client_flags=[ClientFlag.FOUND_ROWS])
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    data = [content["emp_no"], content["salary"], content["from_date"], content["to_date"]]
    cursor.execute("INSERT INTO salaries (emp_no, salary, from_date, to_date) VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s)", data)
    connection.commit()
    return json.dumps({
        "status": "success"
    })


@app.route("/state", methods=['GET'])
def getState():
    return json.dumps({
        "status": "success",
        "state": "working"
    })

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port='5002')

Faʻamolemole faʻamolemole! I lalo ole tulaga e le tatau ona avea lenei auaunaga o se faʻataʻitaʻiga poʻo se taʻiala!

E faia su'ega e fa'aaoga ai le JMeter tuai. O se faasologa o suʻega e umi mai le 15 minute i le 2 itula na faʻalauiloaina, e aunoa ma se faʻalavelave, o le pasene o talosaga e fesuisuiaʻi, ma o le gaosiga e ese mai le 300 i le 600 talosaga i le minute. Numera o filo mai le 50 i le 500.

Ona o le mea moni o le database e laʻititi tele, o le poloaiga:

mysql -e "SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS"

E fa'aalia ai:

Buffer pool hit rate 923 / 1000, young-making rate 29 / 1000 not 32 / 1000

O lo'o i lalo le averesi taimi tali mo talosaga:

pepa

lautele

Median

90%Laina

95%Laina

99%Laina

min

Max

maua Tagata faigaluega

37.64

12.57

62.28

128.5

497.57

4151.78

getState

7.57

30.14

58.71

193

2814.71

patch Tagata faigaluega

161.42

83.29

308

492.57

1845.14

6639.4

tuuTotogi

167.21

86.93

315.34

501.07

1927.12

6722.44

Atonu e faigata ia te oe ona faʻamasinoina mai nei faʻamatalaga faʻapitoa pe faʻafefea ona fetaui lenei VPS mo au galuega faʻapitoa ma, i se tulaga lautele, o auala o loʻo lisiina e faʻatapulaʻa i na mataupu e tatau ona matou taulimaina i se tasi ituaiga poʻo le isi manino e le atoatoa. Matou te valaʻauina oe e tusi au lava faʻaiuga ma faʻataʻitaʻi le server mo 30 rubles i au talosaga moni ma galuega ma fautua atu au filifiliga mo lenei faʻatulagaga i faʻamatalaga.

puna: www.habr.com

Fai'ai + VPS mo 30 rubles =?

E faapena o ia - matou VPS mo le tolusefulu

O le a le mea e fetaui mo lenei VPS?

VPS su'ega su'ega mo 30 rubles - faia mo oe