🥇 Fausia se faʻamaumauga MySQL e faʻaaoga ai le aoga XtraBackup

Percona XtraBackup ose aoga mo fa'amaumauga vevela vevela MySQL.

Pe a fatuina se faʻamaumauga faʻamaumauga, e leai ni laulau e lokaina, ma o loʻo faʻaauau pea le faʻaogaina o lau masini e aunoa ma se faʻatapulaʻaina.

XtraBackup 2.4 e mafai ona faia ni kopi faaleoleo o laulau InnoDB, XtraDB и La'uISAM i luga o sapalai MySQL 5.11, 5.5, 5.6 ma le 5.7, ma i luga foi o le server percona mo MySQL с XtraDB.

E galulue faatasi MySQL 8.x e tatau ona fa'aaoga le fa'aliliuga XtraBackup 8.x. O lenei tusiga o le a naʻo le talanoa XtraBackup 2.4.

Le aoga autu XtraBackup e talafeagai lenei mea faigaluega mo le fatuina o kopi faaleoleo o mea ua utaina tele 'auʻauna, fa'apea fo'i ma polokalama e itiiti le aofa'i o fefa'ataua'iga.

Afai o le aofaʻi atoa o au MySQL databases e taua (sefulu o gigabytes), ona faʻaoga masani lea MySQL o le a le faʻatagaina oe e vave faia se kopi faʻasaʻo, ma toe faʻafoʻisia le otaota o le a tele se taimi e alu ai.

faatulagaga

faatulagaga XtraBackup mai le fale teu oloa talafeagai Percona.

Fa'agasolo fa'atonuga nei:

wget https://repo.percona.com/apt/percona-release_latest.$(lsb_release -sc)_all.deb

sudo dpkg -i percona-release_latest.$(lsb_release -sc)_all.deb

sudo apt-get update 

sudo apt-get install percona-xtrabackup-24

2. A maeʻa le faʻapipiʻiina, faʻatautaia le poloaiga xtrabackup -v. Talu ai, e taua le faʻamautinoa o loʻo galue saʻo le aoga ile server. O se taunuuga, o se mea e pei o lenei o le a faʻaalia i luga o le lau:

xtrabackup: finauga a le 'au'aunaga ua iloa: - datadir=/var/lib/mysql - tmpdir=/tmp - server-id=1 - logbin=/var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log - innodbbufferpoolsize=16384M - innodbfilepertable=1 - innodbflushmethod=Odirect - innodbflushlogattrxcommit=0xtrabackup lomiga 2.4.20 e fa'avae i luga o le 'au'aunaga MySQL 5.7.26 Linux (x8664) (id o le toe teuteuga: c8b4056)

Aia tatau, fa'atagaga ma fa'amanuiaga

XtraBackup e tatau ona mafai ona:

Fesoʻotaʻi i lau 'auʻaunaga MySQL.
Ia maua aia tatau i le lisi o fa'amaumauga.
Pe a faia se kopi faaleoleo, ia tusi aia tatau i le parakalafa maoti target-dir fa'amaumauga.

O le a le datadir?

o fa'amaumauga o le fa'atonuga lea o lo'o i ai le server database MySQL teuina faʻamaumauga. O faʻamaumauga uma, o laulau uma o loʻo i ai iina. I le tele o tufatufaga Linux I le tulaga masani, o lenei faila e /var/lib/mysql.

O le a le faasinomaga-dir directory?

target-dir - O le fa'atonuga lea o le a fa'asaoina ai le fa'amaumauga.

E mana'omia e le tagata fa'aoga fa'amaumauga ia aia tatau avanoa i laulau ma fa'amaumauga e lagolagoina:

TOE FAI MA LOKA LAFO
FA'AIGA FA'AALIGA
FAITAU LE SAUFAIGA
Faʻagasologa
aupito lelei
FAATUPU
TUSI
FILIFILI

Fetuunaiga

Fetuunaiga XtraBackup faia i le faʻaaogaina o filifiliga e amio tutusa ma filifiliga MySQL masani.

O le a le uiga o lenei mea?

E mafai ona faʻamaonia faʻamaufaʻailoga i luga o le laina faʻatonu poʻo le faila faʻatulagaina o le DBMS, mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga i /etc/my.cnf.

XtraBackup aoga e faitau vaega pe a uma ona faʻalauiloa [mysqld] и [xtrabackup] mai faila fetuutuunaiga MySQL. E faia lenei mea ina ia mafai ai e le aoga ona faʻaogaina le faʻatulagaina o lau DBMS e aunoa ma le faʻamaonia ma le lima ia tapulaʻa i taimi o faʻamaumauga taʻitasi.

Mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, o le tau o fa'amaumauga ma nisi vaega InnoDB Matou te maua le XtraBackup mai le faʻatulagaina o lau DBMS.

Afai mo XtraBackup e galue e te manaʻo e faʻamalo faʻamaufaʻailoga o loʻo i totonu o le vaega [mysqld], ona faʻamaonia lea i latou i le faila faila i le vaega [xtrabackup]. Talu ai o le a faitauina mulimuli ane, o le a sili atu la latou faamuamua.

E te le mana'omia le fa'aopoopoina o ni fa'amaufa'ailoga i my.cnf. E mafai ona fa'amaoti uma fa'ailoga mana'omia ile laina fa'atonu. E masani lava na o le pau lava le mea e mafai ona faigofie ona tuʻuina i totonu o le vaega [xtrabackup] lou lona my.cnf o se tapula'a target_dir, lea e le mafai ona fa'amaoti ai le lisi o mea o le a tu'u ai fa'amaumauga. Ae o le filifiliga lea.

O se faʻataʻitaʻiga o le faʻamaotiina o le ala i le lisi faʻatasi ma se kopi faʻapolopolo i totonu my.cnf:

[xtrabackup]
target_dir = /data/backups/mysql/

Fa'amaumauga faaleoleo

E mafai ona e fa'aogaina le fa'amaumauga nei e fai ai sau fa'amaumauga:

#!/bin/bash

# Удаляем данные в каталоге бекапа
rm -rf /mysql/backup

# Cоздаём бекап
xtrabackup --user=xtrabackup 
 --password=xxxx_SECRET_xxxx 
 --backup 
 --target-dir=/mysql/backup

# Выполняем подготовку бекапа для развёртывания
xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/mysql/backup

# Создаём архив
tar -zcvf /home/developer/dumps/xtrabackup-all-dbs-"$(date +%F-%H:%M:%S)".gz /mysql/backup

O le a le mea e tupu i le taimi o le faʻatinoina o tusitusiga?

Muamua lava, matou te faʻamama (tapē) le lisi lea matou te faʻasaoina ai le kopi kopi:

rm -rf /mysql/backup.

Ona, faʻaaoga le aoga XtraBackup fai se kopi faaleoleo ma teu i totonu /mysql/backup/:

xtrabackup --user=xtrabackup --password=xxxxz1cYf95550Gc6xxxxxxxpE3rB03xxxx --backup --target-dir=/mysql/backup

I le taimi muamua, na matou fatuina se tagata faʻaoga i MySQL xtrabackup faatasi ai ma avanoa manaomia. Fa'aaogaina o le parakalafa target-dir matou fa'amaoti le fa'atonuga e tatau ona fa'asaoina ai le fa'amaumauga.

Se mea taua!

Manatua le laina o le tusitusiga:

xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/mysql/backup

Fa'amaumauga fa'amaumauga /mysql/backup e le ogatasi seia vela.

O le mea moni e mafai ona tupu suiga pe a kopi faila. Fa'agaioiga xtrabackup --prepare --target-dir=/mysql/backup faia fa'amaumauga fa'asa'o lelei atoatoa i le taimi.

E mafai ona e fa'atinoina le tapenaga o fa'amaumauga i so'o se masini. E leai se manaʻoga e faia lenei mea i luga o le 'auʻaunaga o loʻo i ai le puna DBMS. E mafai ona e kopiina le faaleoleo i le server sini ma saunia iina.

O le mea mulimuli matou te faia o le fatuina lea o se archive matou te tuʻu ai a matou faʻamaumauga:

tar -zcvf /home/developer/dumps/xtrabackup-all-dbs-«$(date % F% H% M% S)».gz /mysql/backup

Toe fa'afo'isia se fa'amaumauga

Ae e te leʻi toe faʻafoʻisia se faʻamaumauga i le server faʻamoemoe, e tatau ona alu le faʻamaumauga i se vaega sauniuni. Va'ai i luga mo le auala e fai ai lenei mea.

O le faagasologa toe faaleleia o faamatalaga e matua faigofie. E tatau ona e aveese le faaleoleo mai le archive ma sui le faamatalaga i totonu o fa'amaumauga.

E faʻafefea ona sui faʻamaumauga i datadir?

Seʻi o tatou iloiloina ni filifiliga se lua.

1 filifiliga

Fa'aaoga le aoga XtraBackup. E mana'omia ona e fa'ailoa se filifiliga --copy-back.

O le poloaiga o loʻo i lalo o le a tuʻuina atu le faʻamaumauga i o fa'amaumauga server sini:

xtrabackup --copy-back --target-dir=/mysql/backup

2 filifiliga

E mafai ona e faia ese, fai e aunoa ma le aoga XtraBackup.

Pau lava le mea e tatau ona e faia o le kopiina o le faaleoleo i o fa'amaumauga. E mafai ona e faia lenei mea ma cp poʻo rsync.

E taua le malamalama o le faiga mo le toe faʻaleleia o se faʻamaumauga e faʻapipiʻi i lalo i le na o le suia o mea o loʻo i totonu o le lisi. o fa'amaumauga.

Ae e te leʻi amata toe faʻafoʻisia se faʻamaumauga i luga o le server faʻatatau, e tatau ona e:

Taofi le server MySQL.
Fa'amama le faila o fa'amaumauga po'o le fa'anofoina o mea i se isi nofoaga. Fa'amaumauga o fa'amaumauga e tatau ona gaogao.

A maeʻa le faʻaliliuina o faʻamatalaga i o fa'amaumauga MySQL server e mafai ona amata.