Migumisiro isingatarisirwi
"Karma system yeHabr uye pesvedzero yayo kune vashandisi" inyaya yeizwi bepa pane zvishoma
Ini ndaigona kutanga chinyorwa ichi nekutaura kuti ndanga ndichiverenga Habr kwenguva yakareba, asi icho chingave chisiri chirevo chakazara. Iyo thesis chaiyo ingave yekuti: "Ndanga ndichiverenga zvinyorwa zveHabr kwenguva yakareba" - asi ini ndakanga ndisingafarire zvaiitika munharaunda pandakazofunga kunyoresa muchirimo ichi. Uku ndiko kukanganisa kwakajairwa kwemunhu anouya kuHabr kubva kune injini yekutsvaga kuti averenge zvinyorwa zvinobatsira nezve kuomarara kwechirongwa kana nhau dzinonakidza kubva kunyika yetekinoroji. Chero bedzi iwe uchiona iyo portal chete kubva kune ino, yakanaka divi, iwe haubvunze mibvunzo nezve zviri kuitika pasi pehodhi. Ehe, mune zvakataurwa kana zvinyorwa nguva nenguva paitaurwa nezve karma - asi karma iripo paanenge ese mahombe portals (ini naively ndakatenda), izvi zvakajairika kune vanozvitonga veInternet nharaunda.
Ini ndaifanira kufunga zvakadzama pamusoro peizvi mushure mekunge ndangoerekana ndarasikirwa nekukwanisa kunyora kanopfuura kamwechete mumaminitsi mashanu ega ega.
Panguva imwecheteyo, zvese zvaifamba zvakanaka pamusoro: zvirevo zvangu zvaigara zvichiwana pluses, chiyero changu chaikura - uye kamwe kamwe zvakazoitika kuti ndaive nekarma yakaipa. Yese ruzivo rwangu rwekureba rwekutaurirana pamhepo, maitiro angu ese emushandisi, uye kunyangwe njere dzaive dzichipopotera kwandiri kuti iyi yaive imwe mhando yekukanganisa: chiyero chekubvumidzwa chemushandisi wesaiti nevamwe vashandisi vesaiti haigone kusimuka nekudonha panguva imwe chete! Asi ndakasarudza kusaita zvehumbimbindoga, asi kuti ndiite chidzidzo chidiki, zvese zvekuongorora (nenzira yekudzidza maonero evashandisi nezve karma) uye manhamba (nenzira yekuongorora zviratidzo zveakaundi).
Nhoroondo yehondo pakati pevashandisi nekarma yakave yakapfuma kwazvo. Nekubudirira kwakasiyana, zvave zvichiitika kweanopfuura makore gumi, paine akawanda evakavharirwa vakabatwa uye akati wandei akadzimwa zvinyorwa. Zvakare, zvisingaite, dambudziko rangu (mutsauko pakati pezviyero uye karma) harina kushandiswa mukupokana - kunyangwe panguva dzekuvhurika API, kuverenga uku hakuna kushandiswa. Mutauri mumwe chete ndiye akauya padyo mune imwe nguva ichangoburwa:
"Chaizvoizvo, chii chinonakidza kuziva ndechekuti: pane vanhu vakaderedzwa nekuda kwekarma nehombe pluses kune zvavanotaura?"
Muchikamu chezviverengero unogona kuona kuti hongu, vanhu vakadaro varipo. Asi kunyangwe pasina manhamba, vashandisi vakanyatsonzwisisa zvese nezve karma kwenguva yakareba.
Heino chinyorwa kubva makore gumi apfuura:
Dambudziko guru paHabr nderekuti kune vakawanda vashandisi vanoisa minus mu karma zvichienderana nemusimboti: "O, iwe une maonero akasiyana neangu, heino minus mu karma kwauri." Kunyangwe mukuona kwangu, chirevo chakafungwa chine kupokana uye yakanyatso kuratidzwa chinzvimbo chinopokana haitombokodzere kana minus yemhinduro pachayo, ndoda mu karma yemunyori. Nehurombo, pana Habr hapana tsika yekukakavadzana uye kuremekedza mupikisi akasimba, vazhinji vanongoedza kukanda ngowani kwaari.
Kazhinji, ndine maonero ekuti kupatsanura zviyero muzvikamu zviviri, "rating" uye "karma", hazvina maturo uye naizvozvo hazvina kunaka uye hazvibatsiri.
Heino chinyorwa kubva makore mashanu apfuura:
Zviitiko chete apo karma yakashandurwa nezvikamu gumi neshanu zvakaongororwa, asi izvi hazvichinje mufananidzo wose, sezvo munyaya iyi chiyero chiri 15% kusvika 30%. Sezvauri kuona, karma inonyanya kurasika nekuda kwekutaura, uye inosimudzwa kune zvakanyorwa zvinyorwa.
Heino chirevo chekuvandudza kubva makore matatu apfuura:
Govera:
Bvumira vanyori vezvinyorwa kuvhotera karma chete mukati menguva yakati (semuenzaniso vhiki) mushure mekunge vaburitsa chinyorwa. Kana munhu asina kuburitsa chero chinhu musvondo rapfuura, haagone kupihwa karma yekutaura. Mutemo haufanire kushanda kumaakaundi etsanga-chete - vanowana karma nekuita mhinduro dzinobatsira.
Mhinduro:
Kazhinji, vashandisi veHabr vanogunun'una nezve karma drain kune zvisingadiwe mhinduro mune zvevamwe vanhu. Semuenzaniso, mune ino post dambudziko rakarondedzerwa kumashure muna 2012. Mamiriro acho achiripo.
Heino imwe nhaurirano kubva makore matatu apfuura pachinhu chimwe chete:
Ndinogona kukuudza kuti sei ndakarega kunyora zvinyorwa (ndichaita kuti iyi ive yakasiyana): nokuti zvakaoma kuwana karma, sezvo iwe uchida kugara uchigadzira zvimwe zvinyorwa zvayo, asi zviri nyore zvikuru kurasikirwa nazvo. Hachisi chokwadi kuti ukanyora nemazvo, hazvishandiswe. Inogona kuderedzwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakawanda: haana kubvumirana newe mukukakavadzana, akafunga kuti chimwe chokwadi mumashoko acho chakanga chisina kururama, kana kuti ari mumhepo yakaipa.
Hongu, ichi chirwere chekare cheHabrasystem. Zvaifungidzirwa kuti avo vane karma yakanaka vakakwana uye havazongo vhota chero munhu. Pane imwe nguva, zvinhu zvose zvakatonyanya kuipa - iyo karma yakakwirira, iyo yakakura iyo minus inogona kuisa mushandisi, iyo yakaguma ne "nyeredzi-maziso" Habrausers achipa -6, -8 kune ani zvake kuruboshwe uye kurudyi, mushure mokunge mikana yakatemwa kune imwe. Vagadziri vehupfumi hwekarma sezviri pachena pakutanga havana kufunga nezvehuipi hwekusazivikanwa.
Zvinoratidzika kwandiri kuti sisitimu iyi yaifanira kunge yakaenzana zvishoma kare, kuitira kuti pakuvhota, imwe karma inonyorwa kubva kumushandisi. Izvo hazvidi zvakawanda - 0,2-0,5 zvakakwana. Izvi zvingawedzera zvikuru basa revavhoti pakusarudza kuti vovhotera mumwe munhu here kana kuti kwete.
Uye pakupedzisira, taura pane chinyorwa kubva pakutanga kwegore rino:
Karma haisi chishandiso chakanakisa chekuzvitonga wega system. Karma inowanzoongororwa nevaya vasingagutsikani nemunhu (kana kuti kunyange nzvimbo yake). Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvinozoitika kuti zvakanyanya kuoma kuwana karma, uye nyore kwazvo kurasikirwa nayo. Izvi zvinoita kuti vanhu vafunge kaviri - zvakakosha here kutaura maonero avo kana asina kufarirwa zvakanyanya? Mushure mezvose, kana ndikazvitaura kamwe chete, vanozovhota uye varasikirwa nekarma, uye ini handichakwanisa kuzvitaura zvakare. Izvi zvinotungamira kune chokwadi chekuti pfungwa imwe chete inoramba iri pane sosi, uye mamwe ese anomanikidzwa kubuda.
Heino chirevo chinotsanangura kuti sei "zvinyorwa zvekunyora" zvisinga chengetedze karma system:
Chinyorwa chinounza chero chinhu maererano nekarma, uye kune imwe yakaipa kutaura munhu anogona kuraswa zvachose.
Dambudziko riri pano kupatsanurwa kwechiyero uye karma. Mumisoro yevanhu inoshanda seizvi:
1. Chiyero chemukati maitiro angu kune chinyorwa kana chirevo
2. Karma kuongorora maitiro angu kune munhu pachangu
Somugumisiro,
1. Kana iwe wakanyora chinyorwa chakanakisisa munyika, uchawana zvakawanda zvekuwedzera kune chinyorwa (muchiyero) uye funga nezvechinangwa chavo chakaitwa.
2. Kana iwe wakanyora mhinduro iyo "isingakodzeri kuyerera," ipapo mhinduro yako ichaderedzwa, uye iwe pamwe hausi munhu akanaka kufunga saizvozvo, saka ndiyo karma yako.
Vanhu vazhinji vasingagutsikane nekarma system vanoti iyi idanho remaune rekutonga - kana Pane, hongu, humbowo hwakawanda husina kunanga hweizvi:
- Yakabvisa API kuitira kuti zvisave zvichikwanisika kutarisa masimba;
- Isu takaita chiyero chesimba kuitira kuti zvisaite kuona zviyero zvakazara muprofile;
- Vanogara vachitaura nezve "karmograph", maererano nezvavanopa akawanda pluses kupfuura minuses (hapana kutaura nezvehukama pakati pekarma uye ratings);
- Pane zvakawanda, asi zvisina nheyo, taura pamusoro pekuti karma inoratidza sei kunaka kwezvinyorwa uye zvinyorwa (izvo zvinopesana nenhamba, sezvatinogona kuona kubva kune zviratidzo zvekuyera).
Ndinokuyeuchidzawo kuti Hapana kwese uye hakuna kumbove nechikonzero chakapihwa chekuvapo kwekarma muchimiro chairipo.
Hatigone kuratidza idzi dzidziso dzekurangana munzira ipi neipi. Asi zvinoratidzika kwandiri kuti haisi iyo nyaya - dambudziko rakafanana nevanhu vanobvisa karma: kutenda kusingapindiki mukururama kwavo, kusvika pamwero wekuti chero munhu asingabvumirani newe anoonekwa se "munhu akaipa". Vatungamiriri veHabr vakasarudza nenzira imwechete - isu tichaongorora vashandisi zvakasiyana kubva kune yavo meseji. Uye kweanopfuura makore gumi havana kukwanisa kutsanangura kuti iyi inzira isiriyo yekuisa vashandisi. Ivo vakangwara, vakagadzira portal yese. Saka iwe gadzira yako Habr - tobva tataura (nenzira, zvinosetsa izvozvo β "Tanga wazviwana")
Ini pachangu, ndinofungidzira kuti iyo karma scheme pachayo yakauya kwatiri nayo , apo vazhinji vevaridzi vemazuva ano eInternet portals vakashandisa kutandara. Habr akatanga ari mumwechete Lepra - kirabhu yakavharwa ine kukokwa uye kuwirirana, kana usiri kufara - unosiya kirabhu. Idzo nguva dzaenda kare, kirabhu haina kuvharwa kwenguva yakareba, zviyero zvakapihwa kwete kune "imwe nhengo yekirabhu", asi kune akajairika mushandisi kune zvakajairwa zvirevo uye zvinyorwa. Asi elitism yemukati hairegi kubva kune manejimendi. Wese munhu anofunga - chaizvo, vakomana vakagadzira yakakura purofiti portal, vanga vachinyora zvinyorwa pamusoro pehunyanzvi misoro kwemakore mazhinji - vangasaziva sei chimwe chinhu? Saka kana zvinhu zvese zvakaipa, ivo, nhubu, vakazvironga saizvozvo. Asi muchokwadi, vatariri vanongoramba vakanamatira muhuduku. Uye iyo yakakura uye yakawanda inobatsira iyo portal ndeye - zvakanyanya kuoma kubvuma zvikanganiso zvako zvenguva refu, kubva mukudada kunonzwisiswa kwenhema.
Kuvhiringidzika
Idzi imvura yakadzika, Watson, mvura yakadzika. Ndichangotanga kunyura.
Pazasi ini ndichashandisa izwi rekuti "Karma" re karma, uye izwi rekuti "Chibodzwa" kana "Total Score" kune yakazara huwandu hwese pluses nemaminuses izvo mushandisi akagamuchira, zvese zvinyorwa uye zvekutaura.
Mushure mekugadzirisa nhoroondo, tichaedza kutarisa nhamba. Munguva pfupi yapfuura pakanga paine kutenderera kwenhamba yekuongorora, asi yaingobata gore razvino - ini ndaida kunzwisisa huwandu hwese hwemushandisi. Sezvo isu tisina API, uye pachinzvimbo chezviyero chaizvo muprofile vanoratidza chiyero chinokahadzika - chandaifanira kuita kudzidza chirevo chega chega uye kuunganidza data nezvemunyori uye chiyero kubva pazviri. Ndizvo chaizvo zvandakaita.
Ndakavhura zvinyorwa zvese kubva pakutanga chaiko, ndakatora zita remadunhurirwa remunyori nechiyero chezvinyorwa, uyezve mazita emadunhurirwa evatsinhi nezviyero zvemashoko avo.
Heino kodhi yemukuru weparser.
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import csv
def get_doc_by_id(pid):
fname = r'files/' + 'habrbase' + '.csv'
with open(fname, "a", newline="") as file:
try:
writer = csv.writer(file)
r = requests.head('https://habr.com/ru/post/' +str(pid) + '/')
if r.status_code == 404: # ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
pass
else:
r = requests.get('https://habr.com/ru/post/' +str(pid) + '/')
soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, 'html5lib')
if not soup.find("span", {"class": "post__title-text"}):
pass
else:
doc = []
cmt = []
doc.append(pid) #Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ
doc.append(soup.find("span", {"class": "user-info__nickname"}).text) #Π½ΠΈΠΊ
doc.append(soup.find("span", {"class": "voting-wjt__counter"}).text) #ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΊ
writer.writerow(doc)
comments = soup.find_all("div", {"class": "comment"})
for x in comments:
if not x.find("div", {"class": "comment__message_banned"}):
cmt.append(x['id'][8:]) #Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ
cmt.append(x.find("span", {"class": "user-info__nickname"}).text) #Π½ΠΈΠΊ
cmt.append(x.find("span", {"class": "voting-wjt__counter"}).text) #ΡΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΊ
writer.writerow(cmt)
cmt = []
except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
pass
x = int(input())
y = int(input())
for i in range(x, y):
get_doc_by_id(i)
print(i)Mhedzisiro yacho yaive tafura inotevera mune habrbase faira:
Ndakabatanidza vashandisi ndikawana mhedzisiro nenzira ye "Mushandisi - Sum yezviyero zvake" inonzi habrauthors.csv. Ipapo ndakatanga kuronga kuburikidza nevashandisi ava uye nekuwedzera data kubva kuprofile yavo. Sezvo dzimwe nguva kubatana kwaigona kutyorwa, kana chimwe chikanganiso chisinganzwisisike chakaitika pakurodha peji, ndaifanira kutarisa kuti ndeupi mushandisi akagadziriswa kekupedzisira ndoenderera mberi kubva ipapo.
Heino yechipiri yekugadzirisa kodhi:
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import csv
import pandas as pd
def len_checker():
fname = r'files/' + 'habrdata' + '.csv'
with open(fname, "r") as file:
try:
authorsList = len(file.readlines())#ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΉΠ»Π° Π΄Π°ΡΡ
except:
authorsList = 0
return authorsList
def profile_check(nname):
try:
r = requests.head('https://m.habr.com/ru/users/' +nname + '/')
if r.status_code == 404: # ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠΊΠ° Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
pass
else:
ValUsers = []
r = requests.get('https://m.habr.com/ru/users/' +nname + '/')
soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, 'html5lib') # instead of html.parser
if not soup.find("div", {"class": "tm-user-card"}):
valKarma = 0
valComments = 0
valArticles = 0
else:
valKarma = soup.find("span", {"class": "tm-votes-score"}).text #ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°
valKarma = valKarma.replace(',','.').strip()
valKarma = float(valKarma)
tempDataBlock = soup.find("div", {"class": "tm-tabs-list__scroll-area"}).text.replace('n', '') #ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
mainDataBlock = tempDataBlock.split(' ')
valArticles = mainDataBlock[mainDataBlock.index('ΠΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ')+1]
if valArticles.isdigit() == True:
valArticles = int(valArticles)
else:
valArticles = 0
valComments = mainDataBlock[mainDataBlock.index('ΠΠΎΠΌΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ')+1]
if valComments.isdigit() == True:
valComments = int(valComments)
else:
valComments = 0
ValUsers.append(valKarma)
ValUsers.append(valComments)
ValUsers.append(valArticles)
except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError:
ValUsers = [0,0,0]
return ValUsers
def get_author_by_nick(x):
finalRow = []
df = pd.DataFrame
colnames=['nick', 'scores']
df = pd.read_csv(r'fileshabrauthors.csv', encoding="ANSI", names = colnames, header = None)
df1 = df.loc[x:]
fname = r'files/' + 'habrdata' + '.csv'
with open(fname, "a", newline="") as file:
writer = csv.writer(file)
for row in df1.itertuples(index=True, name='Pandas'):
valName = getattr(row, "nick")
valScore = getattr(row, "scores")
valAll = profile_check(valName)
finalRow.append(valName)
finalRow.append(valScore)
finalRow.append(valAll[0])
finalRow.append(valAll[1])
finalRow.append(valAll[2])
writer.writerow(finalRow)
print(valName)
finalRow = []
n = len_checker()
get_author_by_nick(n)Kune akawanda macheki, nekuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvinoshamisa zvinoitika pamapeji eHabr, kutanga nekudzimwa makomendi uye kupera nevamwe vasinganzwisisike vashandisi. Semuenzaniso, gore rekunyoresa ra2001 rakaonekwa sei mumuenzaniso wangu? Kuti ndiunganidze data yevashandisi, ndakapatsanura nharembozha yesaiti, uye kune vamwe vashandisi iyi vhezheni haingoshuma chete kuti mushandisi akabviswa, asi inopawo meseji iyi: "Kukanganisa kwemukati (yepakati kukosha) mepu haisi basa". Vose vakaramba vari mumashoko, zvose zvakadzimwa uye zvisingaverengeki, saka ndakaisa zuva ravo rekunyora ku2001. Gare gare ndakaona kuti vamwe vevashandisi ava vanoonekwa mushanduro yenguva dzose yesaiti - kana vasina kubviswa kana kuvharwa. Asi sezvo vachingove mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu, uye hafu yavo isisipo, ndakasarudza kungovasiya vega.
Yekupedzisira vhezheni yetafura yehabrdata inoita seizvi: ['nick', 'zvibodzwa', 'karma', 'macomments', 'zvinyorwa', 'regdate']. Inogona kutorwa .
Uye iyi ndiyo nzira yavanogoverwa nayo nezuva rekunyoresa. Ndingati nekufamba kwenguva, pane kuderera kwekunyoresa.
| Gore rekunyoresa | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
| Vashandisi | 2045 | 11668 | 12463 | 5028 | 5346 | 13686 | 11610 | 9614 | 9703 | 6594 | 8926 | 7825 | 5912 | 3673 |
Pakazara, takanga tine vashandisi ve114 vakambonyora makomendi kana zvinyorwa. Ngationei kuti karma uye zviyero girafu inotaridzika sei kune vashandisi:
Nenzira, nekuda kweiyo inotyisa yekuona magirafu aya .
Tine mamwe anopenga zvachose ekunze, unogona kuvaona pane girafu. Ngatitii mushandisi (UPD) yezvese zvaanotaura uye zvinyorwa zvaakaunganidza zvinopfuura 268 zviuru pluses! Uye ari kutenderedza imomo mune ino stratosphere zvachose ega, vamwe vese vanonyanya kubudirira kana vashoma vanorembera kunze kwenzvimbo inosvika zviuru makumi matatu. Nyaya imwe chete nekarma - mushandisi karma 1509, uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva hunotanga pane imwe nzvimbo pa 500. Handina kucheka sampuli, ndangotarisa zvishoma kuitira kuti iwe utarise zvakanyanya kugoverwa kwevashandisiwo zvavo.
Pano, pakukumbira kwevashandi, vashandisi ve TOP-10 nezviratidzo zvakakosha vakawedzerwa
Ongororo yekukurumidza yehuwandu hwese hwevashandisi inotiratidza kuti hapana hukama huri pachena, kungave muchimiro chakachena kana nekuderedzwa kwevanobuda kunze, saka ini handisi kuzogara pane izvi. Zvingave zvinonakidza kumonyanisa nonlinear kutsamira kana kuona kana isu tine mamwe masumbu akadaro. Ehe, ini handichaita zvese izvi - avo vanoda vanogona kudhawunirodha iyo CSV uye kuitambudza kanenge muR, zvirinani muSPSS. Ini ndichabva ndaenda kune izvo zvinondinetsa - vanhu vane ratings yakanaka, asi negative karma zviratidzo (uye zvinopesana). Tine 4235 yeava vashandisi vanodiwa. Pano vari pa girafu. 2866 vashandisi vavo vakadzokorora nzira yangu, vaine pluses mune ratings, asi minuses mu karma.
3-4 zviuru kubva pa114 chiverengero chinoita sechisina kukosha, mukati memucheto wekukanganisa. Nenzira, mukati mechikamu chakafanana chekukanganisa vese vashandisi vane karma isina kunaka. Kune 4652 chete yavo. Asi ngatitarisei iyo data kwete yakadzikira, sezviverengero zvinoda kuita, asi sevanhu.
Vese vashandisi: 114 343
Karma <5: 89 447
Kusanganisira zero karma: 67 890
Kusanganisira negative karma: 4 652
Karma> = 5 uye kugona kuvhota: 24 896
Saka tinoona kuti nharaunda haisi "nharaunda." Zviri"", iyo isingagoni kuita chinhu uye naizvozvo haiiti chinhu. Chikamu chechishanu chevashandisi vane mikana chaiyo yekudzora zviri mukati me portal, ivo inharaunda. Saka, pavanozunungusa huwandu hwehuwandu hweHabr pane zana rezviuru pamberi pako uye uchiti "Vanhu vane zviuru zana vanofara nezvose, asi iwe hausi" - izvi hazvisi zvechokwadi zvachose.
Uye heino dhizaini yakafanana yezviyero:
Vese vashandisi: 114 343
Kuyera <5: 57 223
Kusanganisira zero rating: 26 207
Kusanganisira negative assessment: 9 737
Kuyera > = 5 uye mukana wekufungidzira wekuvhota nekuda kwechiyero: 57 120
Uye pano tinoona kuti kana kodzero yekuvhota yakatemerwa nezviyero, uye kwete karma, zvino vanopfuura hafu yevashandisi vanogona kuvhota. Uye izvi zvinongoenderana nemafungiro eavo vanogona kuyera, i.e. varidzi ve karma! Panyaya yekuvhota pachena - hongu, makumi mapfumbamwe kubva muzana vanogona kuvhota.
Pane pfungwa yakajairika asi isiriyo yekuti "unongoda kunyora chinyorwa" kuti upinde munharaunda iyi yakasarudzwa. Ichi hachisi chokwadi - kunongova nezviuru makumi maviri nemana vanyori vezvinyorwa zvine karma> = 5 (vamwe vashandisi ve24 kune zvimwe zvakakosha vakagamuchira karma yakakura kupfuura 900 isina zvinyorwa; sezviri pachena, aya maungira emitemo yekare uye karma yavakachengeta kubva panguva dzekare). Zvichipa kuti chinyorwa chimwe chete chakanyorwa nevashandisi vanopfuura zviuru makumi matatu nematanhatu - chetatu chevanyori vezvinyorwa havana kuwana kodzero yekurarama.
Zvichida chetatu chakataurwa chevanyori chaive nemukurumbira wakashata, pamwe zvinyorwa zvavo zvaive zvakaipa uye nharaunda yaisavada? Kwete, nhamba dzakafanana dzinotiudza kuti 90% yeavo vakanyora chinyorwa chimwe chete uye vasina kuwana karma pamusoro pe4 vanewo chiyero chakanaka. Asi chiyero hachirevi chero chinhu, ivo vane "low karma". Saka iwe unogona kuve neakanaka ratings, iva nezvinyorwa, asi usina yakakwira karma uye kugona "kutonga nharaunda". Hazvisi zvako uye hazvisi zvedu. .
Chiyero chinochengetwawo mukati menguva, semuenzaniso, kana iwe uchingotora vashandisi vane zuva rekunyoresa gare gare kupfuura 2016 kana 2018, pakaitika "kubatanidzwa kwechirongwa". 90% yevashandisi vane chinyorwa chimwechete vane chiyero chakanaka, asi chetatu chavo vane karma isingasviki 5 uye havakwanise kuvhotera zvinyorwa. Kureva kuti, "nyora zvinyorwa kusimudza karma" inoshanda munenge 60-70% yezviitiko.
Heino imwe chiyero chakareruka icho chinokuudza zvese nezve zviri kuitika:
78205 vashandisi kubva 114 343 vane mwero wakakura kupfuura 0. Aya ndiwo marongerwo anoitwa zvinyorwa nezvirevo zvavo, ndiko kuti, zviito zvinobatsira pakuzadza portal.
24 896 vashandisi kubva 114 343 kuwana mukana wekuvhota. Aya ndiwo maongororwe hunhu hwavo, kureva kuti vangave vanokwanisa kutovhota sehunhu hwavo here kana kuti kwete.
Panguva imwecheteyo, tarisa girafu yekarma kuvimba negore rekunyora. Vanhu vazhinji vanoti isu tine hanzi - hongu, ndizvozvo. Mune chimiro chayo chakachena, senge mu blockchain. Vakomana ava vakatanga kutanga, kwemakore akawanda vakazvichera karma, uye zvino zvinobva kwavari kuti unogara uchinzwa "Handiteereri karma zvachose uye ndinokupa zano kuti urege."
ΠΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π°ΠΌ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ½Π° Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° Ρ Ρ
Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ!Panguva imwecheteyo, vanhu vane zviuru makumi matanhatu vanogona, kunyanya, kunyora zvinhu zvinonakidza kana zvinobatsira, kugamuchira zviyero zvakanaka, asi panguva imwechete vanomanikidzwa kugara vachitarisa pamapfudzi avo kuitira kuti varege kurohwa nekuda kwekusafarira nzira yekufunga.
Zvose:
- Mutsinhiri haazi, pamusimboti, chikamu chenharaunda, kunyangwe akachisimudzira nekuchitsigira.
- Munyori wezvinyorwa, ane mukana we 1/3, haasiwo chikamu chenharaunda, kunyangwe akachivandudza nekuchitsigira.
- Kunyangwe kana zviito zvekusimudzira nekutsigira nharaunda zvakatenderwa zvakajeka nema pluses, munyori anogona kuramba akavharwa nechikamu chidiki chevashandisi (chaizvoizvo 10-20 vanhu kubva muzviuru)
Ndivanaani ava vakashata vanodzikisira vanhu vari kusimudzira nharaunda?
Pandakanga ndichigadzirira chinyorwa ichi kuti chibudiswe, pakabuda musoro mutsva wemusoro wakafanana. Sezvaitarisirwa, zvirevo zvakatanga kutaura nezve karma, uye imwe mhedziso iri pachena:
Iwe unogona kunongedza sezvaunoda kune vatauri vakaita kuti sosi iwedzere, asi... Asi ivo ndivo vasingakwanisi kuita chero chinhu pana Habr:
β Havanyori zvinyorwa zvakaipa.
- havasi ivo vanovhotera zvinyorwa zvakatsveyama zve khautushki vasinganzwisisi kuti ndeipi mirairo irikupinzwa ipapo uye nei
- havavhotere karma yevanyori venhau dzehype
- havanzveri kururama kwemaonero emumwe munhu
Havagone kutsigira vanyori uye kuratidza ruremekedzo rwavo neimwe nzira kunze kwekutaura.
Uye havagoni kuzvidzivirira kubva kune vamwe nenzira ipi zvayo.
Zvese zvinoitika paHabr ibasa reavo vane chinyorwa uye karma.
Zvakanaka, tafunga kuti ndiani ane mhosva, ngationei kuti sei zvese izvi zviri kuitika.
Chikamu chaanokuuraya
Kana munhu wese akakwanisa kutora chikamu zvakananga mukutonga, tichatonga chii?
German Gref
Sezvawakanzwisisa kubva pane zvataurwa pamusoro apa, dambudziko rakakosha re karma harina kushanduka kwemakore mazhinji. Dambudziko iri harisi tekinoroji, asi zvepfungwa (zvichida ndosaka zvichiri kutadza kugadziriswa pane tekinoroji sosi).
Ngatitarisei zvikamu zvaro zvakakosha uye tizviongorore zvakadzama.
- Karma haibvi pane chaiyo mhando yezviito pane saiti
- Karma is psychological asymmetrical
- Karma inobvumira sociopathy
Ndima 1.
Iri ndiro dambudziko randakatanga naro chinyorwa changu: munhu akakwidziridzwa anogona kupedzisira aine karma yakadonhedzwa. Kana tikarasa zvinhu zvidiki zvakasiyana, senge mafomula ekuverenga zviyero, tinoona mutsauko wakakosha pakati peHabr nedzimwe nzvimbo dzese: kupatsanurwa kwemushandisi uye zviito zvemushandisi kuita masangano maviri akazvimiririra.
Iyo yakajairika uye intuitive chirongwa chinotaridzika seizvi: mushandisi iaccount, kubva kune ino account zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa, makomendi anoitwa, "anonakidza" mapikicha kana mafoto anotumirwa. Mushandisi zviito zvake. Mamwe maakaundi anoda kana kusafarira aya mameseji nemifananidzo. Huwandu hwezvavanoda nezvausingade hunotaridza kunaka kwemeseji uye account pachayo. Akabatana zvisingadiriki.
Zvimwe zvese hazvina kukosha. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvinyorwa zvakaderedzwa zvakavharwa, mune zvimwe hazvina. Pane mamwe maportals, kuti upe munhu, unofanirwa kuve nerero yepamusoro, pane vamwe, iwe haudaro. Dzimwe nguva vanyori vechiyero vanoratidzwa, dzimwe nguva vanovanzwa. Asi hapana kwazvinogoneka kuti munhu aburitse akati wandei akavhoterwa zvinyorwa, makomendi, mapikicha uye achiramba aine mwero wepamusoro; uye zvinopesana - kana mameseji emushandisi akavhoterwa nevaverengi, mushandisi haagone kurambidzwa navo, nekuti vanofarira zvaanoita. Uye izvi zvinoitika nekuti zviito zvemushandisi pasaiti uye account yake zvakangofanana. Zviito zvako zvakakwidziridzwa - zvinoreva kuti wakavhoterwa. Zviito zvako zvakadzikiswa - zvinoreva kuti wakaderedzwa.
PaHabr, mamiriro acho akasiyana zvachose. PaHabr, hunhu hwemushandisi uye zviito zvake zvakapatsanurwa zvisirizvo. Zvese zvaunoita zvinogona kubvumidzwa uye kukwidziridzwa. Asi panguva imwecheteyo, account yako ichaderedzwa. Uye zvakasiyana. Kana pane zvimwe zviwanikwa ivo vanokanda pluses uye minuses kune zvinyorwa uye makomendi, ipapo paHabr vanokanda pluses uye minuses zvakasiyana kune zvinyorwa uye makomendi uye zvakasiyana kune munyori.
Izvi ndizvo zvinobva pakutuka kwekarmic. Uye zvino inopararira uye inotanga kuroya munharaunda yese.
Ndima 2.
Iyo yakaparadzana yekuongorora system inowira pasi pesimba rekukanganiswa kuviri kwepfungwa.
Kukanganiswa kwekutanga ndiko kugadzirira kwepfungwa kwevanhu kutsvaga kusaita uye kuburitsa kusagadzikana. Hasha ndiyo maitiro makuru kune zvese zvisingazivikanwe, zvisinganzwisisike kana zvisingafadzi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kugadzirira kwemunhu kuisa minus kunogara kwakakwira kupfuura kugadzirira kwavo kuisa plus. Iwe unogona kuona izvi mumamiriro mazhinji; mukushambadzira, iyi idambudziko rekare remhinduro. Kana bhizinesi risingadi kunyora ongororo yakanaka, rinomanikidzwa kushandisa nzira dzakawanda dzakaoma dzekuvatora: kupa zvidzikiso uye zvipo, kupemha nekuyeuchidza - vanhu, kuisa plus kwatiri, nyora ongororo yakanaka. Ndakaona akawanda anongedzo kune chinyorwa kubva ku2013 nezvekuti karma inowanzokwiridzirwa sei paHabr pane kuderedzwa. Zvichida izvi zvichiri zvakadaro; asi kubva pachinyorwa chimwe chete tinoziva kuti karma inokwidziridzwa kune avo vakanyora chinyorwa, uye vaongorori vanodzikiswa.
Uku kukanganisa kwakanyanya - munhu asingagutsikani, ane hasha anogara akagadzirira kushandisa simba uye nguva yekuratidza kusagutsikana, kusunungura hutsinye hwavo. Kunyangwe nema pluses uye minuses yezviyero, isu tine nguva dzose "hondo yemaminuses", apo mutauriri ane hasha anoisa minus kune imwe neimwe yezvawakataura mumusoro wenyaya, uye anotomhanya muprofile yako kuti uwane ekare makomendi nekuabvisa. Asi zviri nyore kuwedzera mazwi - kana munhu akabvuma, anofambisa mbeva masendimita uye pluses. Nekarma inonyanya kuoma, karma inowanzosvikwa pahuni yehasha kuitira kuisa imwe minus.
Karma inoshanda seyero chete pasi pezvinyorwa, nekuti kune miseve mikuru "kumusoro" uye "pasi" uye muverengi anogona kuidzvanya nyore. Kuti uchinje karma yemutsananguri, iwe unofanirwa kuita akati wandei zviito zvekuwedzera, kureva kuti, mubvunzo ndewekuti kukurumidza sei kukurumidza kwekupindura kune chinyorwa kunopera. Kufurira kwakashata kunopera zvishoma nezvishoma nekuda kwezvikonzero zvepfungwa uye zvehupenyu - saka, avo vanoda kuisa yekuwedzera havawanzo kusvika ku karma, vachisarudza kuisa chete kuwedzera ratings kune makomendi.
Nenzira, vazhinji veavo vanotsigira karma havatombofungi nezvezvinhu zvakaoma kudaro. Semuenzaniso, ivo zvakakomba, pasina emoticons, vanobvunza avo vanorwisa vasingazivikanwe minuses - nei iwe usingafarire chete nemaminus? Sei uchifara kana mumwe munhu asingazive achikupa kuwedzera, asi iwe uchida kururamiswa kwemaminuses? Ndosaka. Nemhaka yekuti kugadzirira kwemunhu kupa minus kwakakwirira kudarika kugadzirira kupa plus, kugadzirira kwavo kurwisana kwakakwirira kudarika kugadzirira kwavo kubvumirwa. Kugadzirira uku kunofanirwa kuve kwakamisikidzwa uye kushomeka, zvirinani zvakangoita kuti pluses nemaminuses zvienzane - Habr akanganwa kare nezve kufanirwa kwavo.
Kukanganiswa kwechipiri ndiko kubuda kweboka revatongi. Ndinokuyeuchidza kuti kazhinji hurongwa hwakanaka ndeye "vashandisi vese vanotonga vese vashandisi", munhu wese anongoongorora zvinyorwa uye zvirevo zvevamwe. Asi manejimendi aHabr ainetsekana zvakanyanya nezve vanyori vezvinyorwa, vanogona kunge vakanaka pazvinhu zvehunyanzvi, asi zvaityisa pakudyidzana kwevanhu nevatauri. Uye vanyori vakapiwa carte blanche, kubva zvino zvichienda mberi vanogona kutongwa chete nevamwe vanyori.
Zvechokwadi, tinogona kuwana maitiro akadaro mumakwikwi akasiyana-siyana ekunyora, somuenzaniso: munhu wose akanyora nyaya yake, munhu wose akaverenga nyaya dzevamwe uye akapa munhu wose giredhi. Iyi zvakare hurongwa hwakatendeseka.
PaHabr chete sisitimu ndiyo yakakanganiswa zvakare - vamwe vanyori vaigona kutongwa chete chikamu che vanyori. Haasi munhu wese akanyora chinyorwa ane mukana wekuvhotera karma. Uye zvinonyanya kukosha, nhamba huru yevashandisi (vatauri) vakaonekwa vasingagoni kutonga chero munhu ivo pachavo, asi vanogona kutongwa uye kuurayiwa, uye vasina kodzero yekururamiswa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, chikamu chidiki che "vaiti verufu" chakabuda kubva kunhamba huru yevashandisi - chikamu cheshanu chehuwandu hwevashandisi - uye vakatanga kuita chero zvavaida nevamwe.
Pane fungidziro yakadzama yekuti nhamba huru yevashandisi ichagadzirisa zviyero. Ichi hachisi chokwadi. Nokuti vatongi vanogona kushandura karma yeavo vakaita saivo - nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare, avo vasingadiwi vanobhururuka kubva muboka iri, uye avo vanogara, pane kudaro, vanopinda mairi.
Chaizvoizvo, yese mienzaniso yakanaka yatinoona ndeyekupona kurerekera. Vakangoita rombo rakanaka rekupfuura nemuchetura wenharaunda.
Mamiriro acho anowedzera nenyaya yekuti vanhu vanoshanda muhunyanzvi hwekuita vanowanzo shaya ruzivo munharaunda - iyi komputa yose hickey-autism, zvichiita kuti "kusakwanisa kuchengetedza uye kutanga kushamwaridzana uye kushamwaridzana." Pano iwe une toxicity, pano iwe une hutsinye, pano iwe une chido chekubvisa zvose zvisingafadzi uye zvisingazivikanwi kubva pakuona.
Zvose izvi pamwe chete zvinotungamirira kune imwe pfungwa inotevera.
Ndima 3.
Kana minuses isina kukanganisa chero chinhu, pangadai pasina dambudziko. Vanhu vanowanzo nyora mumashoko - ini handitombotarisi karma, ha-ha, nei ndichiida, imi mose munongova karma wankers, nezvimwewo. Kazhinji ava vanhu vane karma yakakwirira kwazvo. Muchokwadi, karma yaisazodiwa chaizvo kana kukosha kwayo kwakaderera kusina kuvhara mukana wekutaurirana pane portal.
Uye heino chikonzero nei yakavharwa - nekuti hwaro hweiyo karmic system yeHabr ipfungwa yekuti pane chinangwa zvakaipa ΠΈ Π₯ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ munhu. Ona pamusoro - kwete "zvakaipa kana zvakanaka zvinyorwa zvevashandisi", asi izvo zvakaipa ΠΈ Π₯ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ mushandisi. Vachandipa muenzaniso we trolls, "vanhu vakaipa"; hongu, izvo zvakanaka - asi maitiro anoratidza kuti kunyangwe nyanzvi haigone kusiyanisa troll (kana bot) kubva kumunhuwo zvake ane maonero anoshamisa.
Mamwe ma portal anounza nzira yekuregeredza kurwisa izvi. Kana wakambosarudza kuti mumwe munhu zvakaipa - Iwe haunetse nekuwedzera minus kune karma yake, nekuti iye zvakaipa, asi unongomufuratira, uye hauchaoni zvinyorwa zvake kana kuti tsinhiro dzake. Asi vatariri veHabr vari kure ne psychology yemunhu, saka vakasarudza izvozvo zvakaipa ΠΈ Π₯ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ aya haasi mapoka ekuongorora, asi chokwadi chine chinangwa, semhedzisiro zvakaipa Ivo vanongokandwa kunze kwesaiti kupinda muGULAG vasina kodzero yekunyorerana uye vanopfurwa sevavengi vevanhu.
Heino mhinduro yemushandisi , Habr mushandi
Sezvaunogona kuona, mushandi anotenda nomwoyo wose uye neutsvene kuti karma inonyatsoratidza kubatsira kwezvinyorwa zvemunhu uye mhinduro. Vanhu vanobva kupi vane chiyero che +100, asi karma iri -10? Uye nei kuine vanhu vakawanda kudaro vane kutsauka kwakadaro? Zvichida zviuru zvevashandisi vanoshambadzira mafashamo uye zvirevo zvisina hwaro, tora minuses mu karma yeizvi, asi ipapo imwe wizard inouya uye inoisa pluses yemafashama akafanana uye zvirevo zvisina hwaro uchishandisa zviyero zvenguva dzose? Chokwadi kwete.
Ingori kuti kubatsira kwekomendi uye zvinyorwa zvinoratidzwa nezviyero zviri padivi pekutaura uye zvinyorwa. Uye karma inoratidza izvozvo, zvakaipa kana Π₯ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΉ uyu munhu ari pamaonero evavhoti. Pamusoro takakurukura kuti nei vanhu vachawedzera kuedza kukuvadza zvakaipa kubatsira munhu kugona. Ndicho chikonzero kuurayiwa zvakaipa kurasikirwa kwemunhu muhurongwa hwakadaro hakudzivisiki nenhamba. Nokukurumidza kana kuti gare gare vachauraya vose vanowanzova "vakaipa", ipapo vachatanga kutsvaga "zvishoma zvakanaka" uye zvichingodaro, zvichingodaro.
Ndokumbira utarise kuti matambudziko ese aya anobva pakusakwanisa kwehutungamiriri kunzwisisa uye kuverenga zviito zvevanhu. Sezvo vakatarisa kudivi rehunyanzvi rezvinhu, ivo vakafuratira zvachose rutivi rwemagariro. Vanenge vanhu vakafanana vakagadzira "Universe-25", uye kwemakore akawanda vakaedza kuudza munhu wose kuti yaiva paradhiso. Vamwe vachiri kutenda mazviri - sezvavanotenda kuti "karma inoita kuti Habr ave nani". Chinhu chinotyisa pano, hongu, ndechekuti vatariri uye vazhinji vatori vechikamu havatombonzwisisi kuti chii chakaipa pano. Hungu, ivo vanoti, vanhu chaizvoizvo vakaipa uye vakanaka. Saka ngatiunganei vose vakanaka vauraye vose vakaipa! Uye vanouraya nekunakidzwa.
"Maitirwo akaitwa nevanokambaira paHabr:
nhamba huru yevashandisi yakapiwa mapfuti maduku uye yakakurudzirwa: "Varume, pfurai ani zvake wamusingadi kubva kune vanopfuura-ne. Usanyara, iwe haungapindi mumatambudziko nokuda kwayo, uye hakuna munhu achaziva kuti ndiani akapfura akanga ari. Mazhinji hits - makuru, iwe uchamuremara uye haazokwanisi kutaura zvakawanda. Ita kuti nyika ive nzvimbo yakanaka uye usazviramba. "
Chii chiri kuitika paHabr iparadhiso yesociopath. Sezvo andorro akati pane imwe nguva: "Social network inogadzirwa nevanhu vasocial."
Zvinonakidza kuti hapana kufuratira pana Habr. Kana iwe usina kufara nemunhu, iwe unogona kungosiya kana kuisa minus mu karma yavo (kureva, ita kuti vaende nenzira iyi). Iyo "kuuraya kana kufa" system. Durov akaita chirongwa chimwechete muTeregiramu yake - hapana kufuratira ipapo, uye nzira chete yekudzivirira munhu asingafadze ndeyekusiya chat yeboka kana kuita kuti vasiye chat yeboka. Mutengi nzira ye "munhu anobudirira" anofamba pamusoro pemisoro yevamwe inonyatsooneka. Kuenzaniswa ne, toti, IRC, yakagadzirwa nevanhu vevanhu, Habr kana Teregiramu yakagadzirwa ne "yakanyanya kushingaira sociopaths" ye "chinangwa chevateereri". Kana iwe usiri chikamu chevateereri vanotarisirwa - chisarai.
Chikamu Chetatu
β Chii chingatiponesa kubva pakuongorora?
- Sorry, kwete isu, asi iwe.
"Operation Y"
Chii chingaitwa?
Chekutanga, isu tinofanirwa kubvuma zano rekuti Habr haichisiri nharaunda yakavharwa ine kukokwa, asi yenguva dzose portal, uye inofanirwa kunge iine yakapusa rating system inojairika kune akadaro portal. Nokuda kwekuvapo kwezvinyorwa, sezvo zvakakosha, iwe unogona kupa chiyero chechipiri. Asi hurongwa hunofanira kuva yunifomu - pluses uye minuses inopiwa kune zvinyorwa uye zvinyorwa, kana iwe ukawana pluses kakawanda, saka iwe wakanaka, kana iwe ukawana minuses kakawanda, saka iwe wakaipa. Kurwisa vatauri vakashata zvakanyanya, zvakakurudzirwa kanopfuura kamwe kuti avo chete vane zvinyorwa zvavo vanokwanisa kuvhotera zvinyorwa, izvi zvakakwana.
Chechipiri, muganho wekuvhara unongoseka. Ko 10 kana 20 minuses zvinorevei kune portal umo zviuru zvevanhu zvinogona kuvhota? Tinoona kuti chiyero chepakati ndeye 118, zvakanaka, pasina kunze kune imwe nzvimbo inenge 100, saka -100 inofanira kuitwa muganhu chaiwo, mushure mezvo mazwi anotanga kuitika kamwe chete maminitsi mashanu uye zvimwe zvinotyisa, uyezve nhanho yezana, kwete gumi.
Chechitatu, chiyero chinoshandiswa ikozvino chinoratidza chiitiko pane (kureva kutsamira kwenguva). Zvingave zvakanyanya kubatsira kuratidza chiyero che "pluses per meseji paavhareji" - ipapo vanhu havazofashukira nemashoko asina maturo, uye pamusoro pevashandisi vanozotaridzika zvakanyanya: ani nani ane mamwe mameseji anobatsira achange ari pamusoro.
Chechina, pachinzvimbo chekukuchidzira chepfu uye kuvengana munharaunda, kusanganisira kubvumidza zviri pamutemo "hondo yemaminuses" - iwe pakupedzisira unoda kungowedzera kufuratira. Uye kwete kungodonha mazwi pasi pemuparadzi, asi vavige, chimwe chinhu chakadai se "UFO yakavanza chinyorwa ichi pakukumbira kwako." Uye kudzima kufuratira, iwe unofanirwa kuenda kune zvigadziriso uye nemaoko isa zita remadunhurirwa remunhu wawakafuratira; ndiko kuti, zvinofanirwa kunge zviri nyore kuvhura kufuratira, asi zvakaoma kudzima.
Chechishanu, ndinotenda kuti yave nguva yekusimudza nyaya ye "mutengo pachiyero" zvakare. Kupa minus kumunhu, unofanirwa kushandisa chikamu cheyero yako. Zvikonzero zveizvi zvakakurukurwa pamusoro apa - munhu asingagutsikane anogona kupa minus pane kugutsikana - kuwedzera. Tinofanira kuenzanisa mikana ye pluses uye minuses.
Zvakanaka, uye chinhu chekupedzisira - iwe unogona kusiya karma muchimiro chayo chazvino sechinhu chekushongedza uye tsika, asi bvisa kubatana kwayo nema blockages. Zvino pakupedzisira vese ava majee uye mabhafu nemajee avo "sei uchinetseka nezve karma, ini handisi kunetseka, haina kukanganisa chero chinhu" pakupedzisira ichakwanisa kuzvitaura zvakakomba.
Vashandisi vakanyoresa chete ndivo vanogona kutora chikamu muongororo. , Munogamuchirwa.
Iwe unogutsikana here nekarma system muchimiro chayo chazvino?
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1710 vashandisi vakavhota. 417 vashandisi vakaramba.
Source: www.habr.com
