Paul Graham: Pamusoro peKusarerekera Kwematongerwe enyika uye Kufunga Kwakazvimirira (Idzo Mhando mbiri dzepakati)

Kune marudzi maviri ekuenzanisa kwezvematongerwo enyika: kuziva uye nekuzvidira. Vatsigiri vekuziva mwero vanokanganisa vanosarudza nekuziva nzvimbo yavo pakati pekunyanyisa kwekurudyi nekuruboshwe. Uyezve, avo vane maonero ari pakati nepakati vanozviwana vari pakati, sezvo vachifunga nezvenyaya imwe neimwe zvakasiyana, uye maonero akanyanyisa ekurudyi kana kuruboshwe haana kururamawo kwavari.

Iwe unogona kusiyanisa avo vane mwero unoziva kubva kune avo inyaya yetsaona kwavari. Kana tikatora chiyero icho chakanyanyisa kuruboshwe maonero pane imwe nyaya 0, uye yakanyanyisa kurudyi ndeye 100, ipapo munyaya yekuziva kuenzanisa, mucherechedzo wemafungiro evanhu pane imwe neimwe yenyaya inenge yakaenzana ne50. Nokuti vanhu vasina kufunga nezve kuyera maonero avo, zvibodzwa zvichapararira munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzechiyero, asi avhareji mamakisi anozosvika makumi mashanu.

Vanhu vane mwero wekuziva vakafanana neavo vari kuruboshwe uye kure kurudyi mukuti mune dzimwe nzira pfungwa dzavo hadzisi dzavo. Iyo inotsanangura mhando yeideologist (zvose kuruboshwe nekurudyi) ndiko kuvimbika kwemaonero ake. Vanhu vane mwero inzvimbo yekuziva havaite sarudzo dzakaparadzana pazvinhu zvakasiyana. Maonero avo pamusoro pemutero anogona kufanotaurwa nemafungiro avo kumuchato wengochani. Uye kunyange zvazvo vanhu vakadaro vangaratidzika kuva vakapesana nevanorangarira, zvitendero zvavo (kunyange zvazvo muchiitiko ichi zvingava zvakarurama kutaura “zvimiro zvavo pamusoro penhau dzakasiana-siana”) zvinobatanidzwawo uye zvinowirirana. Kana avhareji yemafungiro akachinjika kuruboshwe kana kurudyi, ipapo pfungwa dzevanhu vane huchenjeri nomwero wemaonero dzichachinja zvinoenderana. Zvikasadaro, maonero avo haazove ane mwero.

Zvakare, vanhu vane mwero vasingadi vanosarudza kwete mhinduro chete, asiwo mibvunzo ivo pachavo. Vanogona kusaisa kukosha kune nyaya dzakanyanya kukosha kune vatsigiri vebapiro rekuruboshwe kana kurudyi-bapiro mazano. Nokudaro, iwe unogona kuongorora maonero emunhu ane mwero asingabvumirwi nekupindirana kwezvinhu izvo zvakakosha kwaari uye kune avo vari kuruboshwe kana kurudyi (kunyangwe dzimwe nguva mharadzano ingave idiki kwazvo).

Mutsara wekuti “kana usiri nesu, uri kurwisana nesu” hausi kunyengera kwekutaura chete, asi kazhinji hauna kururama.

Vanhu vane mwero vanowanzosekwa sembwende, kunyanya nevaya vari kuruboshwe. Uye kunyange zvichibvira uye zvakarurama kufunga vanhu vanobata nemaune maonero ane mwero kuva mbwende, chinotora ushingi hukuru hakusi kuvanza kuenzanisa kwako, nekuti iwe uchapikiswa kubva kurudyi nekuruboshwe, uye mukana wekuve. nhengo yerimwe boka guru, rinogona kupa rubatsiro, kwete.

Vanenge vanhu vese vanonyanya kushamisa vandinoziva vanoita zvimiro zvisina tsarukano mumaonero avo. Dai ndaiziva vatambi vane hunyanzvi kana vanhu vari muindasitiri yevaraidzo, ruzivo rwangu rwaigona kunge rwakasiyana. Kuti uri kurudyi kana kuruboshwe hazvinetse mamhanyiro aunoita kana kuimba kwaunoita. Asi munhu anoshanda nemazano anofanira kuva nepfungwa dzakazvimiririra kuti aite basa rake nemazvo.

Kunyanya, iwe unofanirwa kusvika kune mazano aunoshanda nawo nekufunga kwakazvimirira. Unogona kutevera dzidziso yezvematongerwo enyika zvakanyanya uye uchiri nyanzvi yemasvomhu yakanaka. Muzana remakore rechi20, vanhu vakawanda vakanaka vaiva Marx - kungoti hapana ainzwisisa zvaisanganisira Marxism. Asi kana pfungwa dzaunoshandisa mubasa rako dzichipindirana nezvematongerwo enyika zvenguva yako, saka une zvingasarudzwa zviviri: chengetedza kuenzanisa kana kuva pakati.

Zvinyorwa

[1] Zvinogoneka nedzidziso kuti rimwe divi rive rakarurama uye rimwe risave zvachose. Zvamazvirokwazvo, vane mifungo vanofanira kugara vachidavira kuti ndizvo zvazviri. Asi izvi hazvina kumboitika munhoroondo.

[2] Nechikonzero chakati, avo vari kurudyi vanowanzo furatira vane mwero pane kuvazvidza sevakaramba kutenda. Handizivi kuti sei. Zvichida izvi zvinoreva kuti kure kurudyi hakuna pfungwa pane kure kuruboshwe. Kana kuti zvimwe vanonyanya kuzvivimba, vanozvininipisa, kana kuti vasina kurongeka. Handizive.

[3] Kana iwe uine maonero anoonekwa seanyengeri, haufanirwe kuataura pachena. Zvingave nyore kwauri kuichengeta kana ukasadaro.

Vanhu vandinotenda nekuverenga zvinyorwa zvechinyorwa ichi: Austen Allred, Trevor Blackwell, Patrick Collison, Jessica Livingston, Amjad Masad, Ryan Petersen, naHarj Taggar.

PS

• Sarudzo yeshandurudzo zana nemakumi mana nenhatu dzezvinyorwa zvaPaul Graham (kunze kwe143)

Source: www.habr.com