Ndinozviona , veruzhinji vakafarira chikamu chenhoroondo yenyaya yangu, uye saka hachisi chivi kuenderera mberi.
Zvitima zvinomhanya-mhanya seTGV hazvichavimbi nemabhureki emhepo
Nhasi tichataura nezvemazuva ano, kureva, nzira dzipi dzekugadzira mabhureki masisitimu ekutenderedza stock anoshandiswa muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, iro riri kupinda mukati memakore gumi echitatu mumwedzi chete.
1. Kurongeka kwemabhureki emasheya
Zvichienderana nemusimboti wekugadzira braking simba, ese njanji mabhureki anogona kukamurwa kuita maviri makuru marudzi: frictional, kushandisa simba rekukwenya, uye simba, uchishandisa chinodhonza dhiraivha kugadzira braking torque.
Mabhureki eFriction anosanganisira mabhureki eshangu ezvese magadzirirwo, kusanganisira disc mabhureki, zvakare magnetic rail brake, iyo inoshandiswa mukufambisa kwepamusoro-soro kwekufamba kwenguva refu, kunyanya muWestern Europe. Pa track 1520, rudzi urwu rwebhureki rwakashandiswa chete pachitima chemagetsi cheER200. Kana iri Sapsan imwe cheteyo, Russian Railways yakaramba kushandisa bhureki renjanji pairi, kunyangwe iyo prototype yechitima chemagetsi, yeGerman ICE3, ine mabhureki akadaro.
ICE3 chitima bogie ine magineti njanji brake
Sapsan chitima trolley
Ku dynamic, kana kutoti electrodynamic mabhureki sanganisira mabhureki ese, chiito chayo chakavakirwa pakufambiswa kwematekinoroji kune jenareta modhi (regenerative ΠΈ rheostat brake), pamwe chete nebhureki kushorwa
Ne regenerative uye rheostatic mabhureki, zvese zviri pachena - injini dzinochinjirwa kune jenareta modhi neimwe nzira, uye kana iri kupora vanoburitsa simba mune yekubatana network, uye kana iri rheostat, iyo inogadzirwa simba. kupiswa pane zvakakosha resistors. Mabhureki ese ari maviri anoshandiswa pazvitima zvine locomotive traction uye pane akawanda unit rolling stock, uko electrodynamic brake ndiyo huru sevhisi mabhureki, nekuda kwehuwandu hukuru hwemamotor ekudhonza akagoverwa muchitima chose. Izvo chete zvakashata zve electrodynamic braking (EDB) kusagoneka kwebhureki kuti umire zvachose. Kana kushanda kweEDT kwadzikira, inotsiviwa nepneumatic friction brake.
Kana iri counter-braking, inopa mabhureki kuti amire akazara, nekuti inosanganisira kudzoreredza mota yekudhonza paunenge uchifamba. Nekudaro, iyi modhi, kazhinji, imo yekukurumidzira - kushandiswa kwayo kwakajairwa kuzere nekukuvadza kune traction drive. Kana isu tikatora, semuenzaniso, mota inotenderera, zvino kana polarity yevoltage yakapihwa kwairi ichichinja, iyo kumashure-EMF inomuka mumotokari inotenderera haina kubviswa kubva kumagetsi ekupa asi yakawedzerwa kwairi - mavhiri ese akatenderera uye. tenderera mugwara rimwe chete semukudhonza modhi! Izvi zvinotungamirira kune avalanche-sekuwedzera kwezvino, uye zvakanakisisa zvinogona kuitika ndezvekuti magetsi ekudzivirira magetsi achashanda.
Nechikonzero ichi, pamalocomotives nezvitima zvemagetsi, ese matanho anotorwa kudzivirira kudzoserwa kweinjini ichifamba. Mubato wekudzokera kumashure unovharwa nemuchina kana mutyairi wemutyairi ari munzvimbo dzekumhanya. Uye pamotokari imwe chete yeSapsan neLastochka, kushandura reverse switch nekumhanya pamusoro pe5 km / h kunozotungamirira kune nokukurumidza mabhureki.
Nekudaro, mamwe malocomotives epamba, semuenzaniso iyo VL65 yemagetsi locomotive, inoshandisa reverse braking seyakajairwa modhi pakumhanya kwakaderera.
Reverse braking ndiyo yakajairwa braking modhi inopihwa neiyo control system paVL65 yemagetsi locomotive.
Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti pasinei nepamusoro-soro ye electrodynamic braking, chero chitima, ini ndinosimbisa, chinogara chakashongedzerwa ne otomatiki pneumatic brake, ndiko kuti, inogadziriswa nekusunungura mhepo kubva mumutsara webhureki. MuRussia nepasirese, mabhureki eshangu akanaka ekare anomira akachengetedza kuchengetedzwa kwemotokari.
Zvinoenderana nechinangwa chavo chekushanda, friction type mabhureki akakamurwa kuita
- Parking, manual kana otomatiki
- Chitima - pneumatic (PT) kana electro-pneumatic (EPT) mabhureki, akaiswa pane imwe neimwe unit yekutenderedza stock muchitima uye inodzorwa nechepakati kubva kune mutyairi cab.
- Locomotive - pneumatic yakananga-acting mabhureki akagadzirirwa kudzikamisa locomotive pasina kudzikisira chitima. Dzinotungamirirwa zvakasiyana nezvitima.
2. Mabhureki ekupaka
Iro bhuku rebhureki rine mechanical drive harina kunyangarika kubva ku rolling stock; iyo yakaiswa pane ese ma locomotives nemota - yakangochinja hunyanzvi hwayo, kureva, yakashanduka kuita bhureki rekupaka, izvo zvinoita kuti zvibvirire kudzivirira kufamba kwega kwega. stock muchiitiko chemhepo ichipukunyuka kubva kune pneumatic system yayo. Gumbo dzvuku, rakafanana nevhiri rengarava, ihandbrake drive, imwe yemisiyano yaro.
Handbrake chidhiraivho mune kabhini yeVL60pk yemagetsi locomotive
Handbrake muvhesi remota inotakura vanhu
Handbrake pamota yemazuvano inotakura zvinhu
Handbrake, ichishandisa mechanical drive, inodzvanya mapedhi mamwe chete kumavhiri anoshandiswa panguva yenguva dzose mabhureki.
Pazvitima zvemazuva ano, kunyanya pazvitima zvemagetsi EVS1 / EVS2 "Sapsan", ES1 "Lastochka", uyewo pamagetsi emagetsi EP20, mabhureki ekupaka ari otomatiki uye mapedhi anotsikirirwa kurwisana nebhureki disc. chitubu simba accumulators. Zvimwe zvemapinichani anotsikirira mapedhi kumabhureki discs ane zvitubu zvine simba, zvine simba zvekuti kuburitswa kunoitwa nepneumatic drive ine pressure ye0,5 MPa. Iyo pneumatic drive, mune iyi kesi, inopesana nezvitubu zvinotsikirira mapedhi. Iyi brake yekupaka inodzorwa nemabhatani emutyairi console.
Mabhatani ekudzora parking spring brake (SPT) pachitima chemagetsi ES1 "Lastochka"
Magadzirirwo ebhureki iri akafanana neanoshandiswa pamarori ane simba. Asi semabhureki makuru pazvitima, hurongwa hwakadaro hazvina kukodzera zvachose, uye nei, ini ndichatsanangura zvakadzama mushure menyaya pamusoro pekushanda kwechitima air brakes.
3. Rori mhando pneumatic mabhureki
Mota yega yega yekutakura ine seti inotevera yemidziyo yekubhureki
Braking midziyo yemotokari inotakura zvinhu: 1 - brake yekubatanidza hose; 2 - vharafu yekupedzisira; 3 - vharafu yekumisa; 5 - muunganidzi weguruva; 6, 7, 9 - mhepo distributor modules mamiriro. Nhamba 483; 8 - bvisa vharafu; VR - muparidzi wemhepo; TM - brake line; ZR - tangi yekuchengetedza; TC - brake cylinder; AR - cargo auto mode
Akaputsa mutsetse (TM) - pombi ine dhayamita ye1,25 β³ inomhanya nemota yese, kumagumo ine magumo mavharuvhu, kubvisa tambo yebhureki paunenge uchisunungura mota usati wabvisa mahosi ekubatanidza anochinjika. Mumutsara webhureki, mune yakajairika mode, iyo inonzi chaja pressure ndeye 0,50 - 0,54 MPa, saka kubvisa hoses pasina kuvhara mavharuvhu ekupedzisira ibasa rinonetsa, rinogona kukutorera musoro wako.
Kupihwa kwemhepo kunopihwa zvakananga kumabrake cylinders inochengetwa mukati reserve tank (ZR), vhoriyamu iyo muzviitiko zvakawanda ndeye 78 malita. Dzvinyiriro iri mudura rekuchengetedza yakanyatso kuenzana nekudzvanywa kuri mumutsara wemabhureki. Asi kwete, haisi 0,50 - 0,54 MPa. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti kudzvanywa kwakadaro kunenge kuri mumutsara webhureki pane locomotive. Uye kure kure nelocomotive, ndiko kudzikisa kudzvanya mumutsara webhureki, nekuti ine maburi anodonha anotungamira kumhepo inodonha. Saka dzvinyiriro mumutsara wemabhureki emotokari yekupedzisira muchitima inenge yakaderera zvishoma pane yekuchaja.
Akaputsa humburumbira, uye pamotokari zhinji pane imwe chete; kana ichinge yazadzwa kubva kuspare tank, kuburikidza nebrake lever transmission inodzvanya mapedhi ese emota kumavhiri. Iro vhoriyamu yebhureki cylinder inenge 8 malita, saka panguva yekuzara yakazara, kudzvanywa kweasingasviki 0,4 MPa kunotangwa mairi. Dzvinyiriro mutangi rekuchengetedza zvakare inodzikira kusvika kune imwechete kukosha.
"Mutambi" mukuru mune ino system ndeye air distributor. Ichi chishandiso chinopindirana nekuchinja kwekumanikidza mumutsara webhureki, uchiita imwe kana imwe oparesheni zvichienderana nekutungamira uye chiyero chekuchinja kwekumanikidza uku.
Kana dzvinyiriro mumutsara webhureki inodzikira, braking inoitika. Asi kwete nekuderera kwekumanikidza - kuderera kwekumanikidzwa kunofanira kuitika pane imwe chiyero, inonzi service braking rate. Iyi nhanho inosimbiswa crane yemutyairi mune locomotive kabhini uye inotangira kubva 0,01 kusvika 0,04 MPa pasekondi. Kana kudzvinyirirwa kunoderera pamwero wakaderera, braking haiitike. Izvi zvinoitwa kuitira kuti mabhureki asashande kana paine kudonha kwakajairika kubva kumutsara webhureki, uye zvakare usashande kana overcharging pressure yabviswa, izvo zvatichataura nezvazvo gare gare.
Kana iyo dhizaini yemhepo yakagadziriswa kubhureki, inoita imwezve kubuda kweiyo brake line pachiyero chebasa che 0,05 MPa. Izvi zvinoitirwa kuti pave nechokwadi chekudzikira kwakadzikama mukumanikidza pamwe nehurefu hwese hwechitima. Kana imwe detente isati yaitwa, ipapo motokari dzekupedzisira dzechitima chakareba dzingasadzikiswa zvachose. Kuwedzera kubuda kweiyo brake line kunoitwa all the vaparadzi vemazuva ano vemhepo, kusanganisira vatakuri.
Kana mabhureki aitwa, muparadzi wemhepo anobvisa dura rekuchengetedza kubva pamutsetse webhureki uye anoibatanidza kune cylinder yebhureki. Silinda yebhureki iri kuzadza. Izvo zvinoitika chero bedzi kudonha kwekumanikidza mumutsara webhureki kuchienderera. Kana kudzikiswa kwekumanikidza mubhureki fluid kunomira, kuzadza silinda yebhureki inomira. Hutongi huri kuuya reroof. Kudzvanywa kwakavakirwa mubrake cylinder kunoenderana nezvinhu zviviri:
- kudzika kwekubuda kwemutsara webhureki, ndiko kuti, ukuru hwekudonha kwekumanikidza mukati mayo maererano nekuchaja.
- air distributor operating mode
The cargo air distributor ine matatu ekushandisa modes: yakatakura (L), yepakati (C) uye isina chinhu (E). Aya mamodhi anosiyana mune yakanyanya kudzvanywa yakawanikwa mumabrake cylinders. Kuchinja pakati pemodhi kunoitwa nemaoko nekushandura yakakosha mode mubato.
Kupfupisa, kutsamira kwekudzvanyirira mubhureki cylinder pakadzika kwekubuda kweiyo brake line ine 483-air distributor mune dzakasiyana modhi inotaridzika seizvi.
Izvo zvakashata zvekushandisa modhi switch ndeyekuti mutyairi wemotokari anofanirwa kufamba achitevedza chitima chose, kukwira pasi pemota yega yega uye chinja modhi chinja kune yaunoda chinzvimbo. Maererano nerunyerekupe runobva pakuvhiyiwa, izvi hazviitike nguva dzose. Kuzadza kwakawandisa kwemabhureki cylinders pamotokari isina chinhu kuzere nekutsvedza, kuderedzwa kwebhureki kushanda zvakanaka uye kukuvadzwa kwemavhiri seti. Kukunda mamiriro ezvinhu aya pamotokari dzinotakura zvinhu, inonzi inonzi auto mode (AR), iyo, nemuchina kuona kuwanda kwemota, inodzora mushe kudzvinyirira kwakanyanya mubhureki cylinder. Kana iyo mota yakashongedzerwa ne auto modhi, ipapo iyo modhi switch paVR inoiswa kune "yakarodha" chinzvimbo.
Braking inowanzoitwa mumatanho. Iyo yakaderera mwero weiyo brake line discharge yeBP483 ichave 0,06 - 0,08 MPa. Muchiitiko ichi, kudzvinyirirwa kwe0,1 MPa kunotangwa mumabhureki cylinders. Muchiitiko ichi, mutyairi anoisa valve munzvimbo inopindirana, umo kumanikidzwa kunoiswa mushure mekuputika kunochengetedzwa mumutsara webhureki. Kana iyo braking inoshanda kubva kune imwe nhanho isina kukwana, inotevera nhanho inoitwa. Muchiitiko ichi, muparidzi wemhepo haana hanya kuti chiyero chekubuda chinoitika sei - kana dzvinyiriro inoderera chero ipi zvayo, mabhureki cylinders anozadzwa maererano nehuwandu hwekudzvinyirira kuderera.
Kuzadza bhureki kusunungurwa (kubvisa zvachose kwemasilinda ebhureki pachitima chose) kunoitwa nekuwedzera kudzvanywa mumutsara webhureki pamusoro pekumanikidza kuchaja. Uyezve, pazvitima zvekutakura, kudzvanywa muTM kunowedzera zvakanyanya pamusoro pekuchaja, kuitira kuti masaisai ekuwedzera kumanikidzwa asvike kumota dzekupedzisira. Kunyatsosunungura mabhureki muchitima chekutakura zvinhu ibasa rakareba uye rinogona kutora kusvika miniti.
BP483 ine nzira mbiri dzezororo: furati uye gomo. Mune flat mode, kana kudzvinyirirwa mumutsara webhureki kunowedzera, kusunungurwa kwakakwana, kusina nhanho kunoitika. Mugomo modhi, zvinokwanisika kusunungura mabhureki mumatanho, izvo zvinoreva kuti mabhureki silinda haana kubviswa zvachose. Iyi modhi inoshandiswa kana uchityaira uchitevedza chimiro chakaoma chine materu makuru.
Iyo mhepo yekuparadzira 483 inowanzo inonakidza kwazvo mudziyo. Ongororo yakadzama yechimiro chayo uye kushanda kwayo inyaya yechinyorwa chikuru chakasiyana. Pano takatarisa kune general principles of operation of cargo brake.
3. Pasenger type air brakes
Braking midziyo yemotokari inotakura: 1 - yekubatanidza hose; 2 - vharafu yekupedzisira; 3, 5 - mabhokisi ekubatanidza e electro-pneumatic brake line; 4 - vharafu; 6 - chubhu ine electro-pneumatic brake wiring; 7 - insulated kuturika kwekubatanidza sleeve; 8 - muunganidzi weguruva; 9 - kubuda kune muparadzi wemhepo; 10 - bvisa vharafu; 11 - kamuri yekushanda yemugovera wemhepo yemagetsi; TM - brake line; VR - muparidzi wemhepo; EVR - electric air distributor; TC - brake cylinder; ZR - spare tank
Midziyo mikuru inokurumidza kubata ziso rako, kutanga nenyaya yekuti kune anosvika mavharuvhu matatu ekumira (rimwe muvharanda rega rega, uye rimwe mukamuri ye conductor), zvichiguma nenyaya yekuti mota dzemumba dzakashongedzerwa ese ari maviri pneumatic. uye electro-pneumatic brake (EPT).
Muverengi anoteerera anobva aona iyo main drawback ye pneumatic brake control - iyo yekupedzisira kumhanya kweiyo braking wave, yakaganhurwa pamusoro nekumhanya kwekurira. Mukuita, kumhanya uku kwakadzikira uye kunosvika 280 m/s panguva yebasa rebhureki, uye 300 m/s panguva yekukurumidzira braking. Mukuwedzera, iyi kukurumidza kunoenderana nemhepo yekushisa uye munguva yechando, somuenzaniso, yakaderera. Naizvozvo, shamwari yekusingaperi yepneumatic mabhureki ndiko kusaenzana kwekushanda kwavo mukuumbwa.
Kusaenzana kushanda kunotungamira kuzvinhu zviviri - kuitika kweakakosha longitudinal reactions muchitima, pamwe nekuwedzera kwemabhureki kure. Yekutanga haina kujaira kune zvitima zvinotakura vanhu, kunyangwe midziyo ine tii nezvimwe zvinwiwa ichirovera patafura iri mukamuri haifadze chero munhu. Kuwedzera mabhureki idambudziko rakakura, kunyanya mukufambiswa kwevanhu.
Mukuwedzera, iyo yepamba inotakura mhepo inogovera yakafanana neyekare chiyero. Nhamba 292, uye mamiriro matsva. No. 242 (iyo, nenzira, kune zvakawanda uye zvakawanda zvezvikepe zvemotokari dzevatakuri), zvose zviri zviviri izvi zvizvarwa zvakananga zveiyo imwechete Westinghouse katatu valve, uye inoshanda pamusiyano pakati pezvipingamupinyi zviviri - mumutsara wemabhureki uye nereservoir reservoir. Ivo vanosiyaniswa kubva kune katatu valve nekuvapo kweiyo inopindirana modhi, ndiko kuti, mukana wekutsika braking; kuvapo kwekuwedzera kubudiswa kwemutsara wekuputika panguva yekuputika; kuvapo kwechimbichimbi braking accelerator mukugadzira. Aya madhizaini emhepo haape kuburitswa kwenhanho - ivo vanobva vangopa kusunungurwa kwakazara nekukurumidza kana kudzvanywa mumutsara webhureki kunopfuura kudzvanywa mudura rekuchengetedza rakagadzwa ipapo mushure mekubhureki. Uye iyo yakatsikwa kuburitswa inobatsira zvikuru kana uchigadzirisa braking yekumira chaiko papuratifomu yekumhara.
Matambudziko ese ari maviri - kusaenzana kushanda kwemabhureki uye kushomeka kwekuburitswa kwenhanho, pane 1520 mm track inogadziriswa nekuisa magetsi anodzorwa nemhepo anoparadzira pamotokari - electric air distributor (EVR), arb. Nhamba 305.
Domestic EPT - electro-pneumatic brake - yakananga-kuita, isiri-otomatiki. Pazvitima zvinotakura vanhu zvine locomotive traction, iyo EPT inoshanda pane maviri-waya dunhu.
Dhizaina dhizaini yeEPT-waya mbiri: 1 - controller pane crane yemutyairi; 2 - bhatiri; 3 - static simba converter; 4 - mapaneru emarambi ekudzora; 5 - control unit; 6 - terminal block; 7 - kubatanidza misoro pamaoko; 8 - kumiswa kwega; 9 - semiconductor valve; 10 - kusunungura electromagnetic valve; 11 - brake solenoid valve.
Pane waya mbiri dzakatambanudzwa pamwe chete nechitima chose: Nhamba 1 uye Nha. Pamotokari yemuswe, waya idzi dzakabatanidzwa nemagetsi kune imwe neimwe uye inotsinhanisa ikozvino ine frequency ye2 Hz inopfuudzwa nepainobuda loop. Izvi zvinoitirwa kutarisa kuvimbika kweiyo EPT control line. Kana waya ikatyoka, iyo inochinjika yedunhu inoputswa, mutyairi anogamuchira chiratidzo muchimiro che "O" (zororo) rambi renyevero rinobuda mukombi.
Kudzora kunoitwa neakananga ikozvino ye polarity yakasiyana. Muchiitiko ichi, waya ine zero inogoneka ndiyo njanji. Kana iyo yakanaka (inoenderana nenjanji) voltage inoiswa kune EPT waya, ese emagetsi mavharuvhu akaiswa mumagetsi emhepo distributor anogadziriswa: vheji yekuburitsa (OV) uye brake valve (TV). Yokutanga yadzo inoparadzanisa kamuri yekushanda (WC) yemagetsi emhepo inoparadzira kubva mumhepo, yechipiri inoizadza kubva kune tangi rekuchengetedza. Tevere, iyo yekumanikidza switch yakaiswa muEVR inouya mukutamba, ichishanda pamusiyano wekumanikidza mukamuri yekushanda uye silinda yebhureki. Kana kudzvinyirirwa muRC kuchipfuura kudzvanywa muTC, iyo yekupedzisira inozadzwa nemhepo kubva mutangi rekuchengetedza, kusvika kumanikidziro akaunganidzwa muimba yekushanda.
Kana simba risina kunaka rinoshandiswa kune waya, valve yebhureki inodzima, sezvo ikozvino kune iyo inogurwa ne diode. Ivhavha yekusunungura chete, iyo inochengetedza kudzvinyirira muimba yekushanda, inoramba ichishanda. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo nzvimbo yedenga inowanikwa.
Kana iyo voltage ichibviswa, valve yekuburitsa inorasikirwa nesimba uye inovhura kamuri yekushanda kumhepo. Kana dzvinyiriro iri mukamuri yekushanda yadzikira, chinja chekumanikidza chinoburitsa mweya kubva mumabhureki cylinders. Kana, mushure mekuzorora kwenguva pfupi, vheji yemutyairi inodzoserwa munzvimbo yakavharwa, kudonha kwekumanikidza muimba yekushanda kuchamira, uye kusunungurwa kwemhepo kubva kubhureki cylinder kuchamirawo. Nenzira iyi, mukana we stepwise brake kusunungurwa unowanikwa.
Chii chinoitika kana waya ikadambuka? Ndizvozvo - EPT ichasunungura. Naizvozvo, iyi bhureki (padzimba yekutenderedza stock) haina otomatiki. Kana EPT ikakundikana, mutyairi ane mukana wekuchinja kune pneumatic brake control.
EPT inoratidzirwa nekuzadzwa panguva imwe chete yemabhureki masilinda uye kubuda kwawo muchitima. Chiyero chekuzadza uye kubvisa chakanyanya kukwirira - 0,1 MPa pasekondi. IEPT ibhureki risingaperi, sezvo panguva yekushanda kwayo muparadzi wemhepo akajairwa ari munzira yekuburitsa uye anodyisa mareservoirs kubva pamutsetse webhureki, iyo inopihwawo nepombi yemutyairi pane locomotive kubva kune makuru reservoirs. Naizvozvo, iyo EPT inogona kubhureki chero frequency inodiwa pakuita kudzora mabhureki. Iko mukana wekuburitsa nhanho inobvumidza iwe kudzora kumhanya kwechitima nemazvo uye zvakanaka.
Kudzora kwepneumatic kwemabhureki echitima chinotakura vanhu hakuna kunyanya kusiyana nemabhureki ekutakura zvinhu. Pane mutsauko wekudzora nzira, semuenzaniso, iyo mhepo brake inoburitswa kune yekuchaja kudzvanywa, pasina overestimating iyo. Kazhinji, kuwedzeredza kuwedzeredza kwekumanikidza mumutsara webhureki wechitima chevatyairi kuzere nematambudziko, saka, kana EPT yaburitswa zvachose, kudzvanywa mumutsara webhureki kunowedzera nepamusoro pe0,02 MPa pamusoro pekukosha kweseti yekuchaja. pressure.
Hudzamu hudiki hwekuyerera kweheavy metal panguva yekubhureki pamutakuri brake ndeye 0,04 - 0,05 MPa, nepo kudzvanywa kwe0,1 - 0,15 MPa kunogadzirwa mumabhureki silinda. Iyo yakanyanya kudzvanywa mu brake cylinder yemotokari yevatyairi inogumira nehuwandu hwetangi rekuchengetedza uye kazhinji haipfuure 0,4 MPa.
mhedziso
Zvino ini ndichatendeukira kune vamwe vatauri vanoshamisika (uye mumaonero angu, kunyange vakatsamwa, asi ini handigone kutaura) nekuoma kwechitima brake. Maonero anoratidza kushandisa dunhu remotokari rine mabhatiri ekuchengetedza simba. Ehe, kubva pasofa kana chigaro chekombuta muhofisi, kuburikidza nehwindo rebrowser, matambudziko mazhinji anonyanya kuoneka uye mhinduro dzadzo dziri pachena, asi regai ndione kuti sarudzo dzakawanda dzehunyanzvi dzakaitwa munyika chaiyo dzine chikonzero chakajeka.
Sezvatotaurwa, dambudziko guru rekuputika kwepneumatic pachitima ndiko kukurumidza kwekupedzisira kwekufamba kwekumanikidzwa kudonha pamwe chete kwenguva refu (kusvika 1,5 km muchitima chemotokari zana) brake line pipe - brake wave. Kuti ikurumidze iyi braking wave, kuwedzera kubuda kunodiwa neanoparadzira mweya. Pachave pasina muparadzi wemhepo, uye hapazove nekuwedzera kubuda. Kureva kuti, mabhureki pamagetsi accumulators achave akanyanya kuipa maererano nekufanana kwekushanda, zvichitidzosera kunguva dzeWestinghouse. Chitima chekutakura hachisi rori; kune zvikero zvakasiyana, uye naizvozvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvekutonga mabhureki. Ndine chokwadi chekuti izvi hazvina kungodaro, uye hazvisi netsaona kuti gwara resainzi yebhureki repasi rakatevera nzira yakatitungamira kune rudzi urwu rwekuvaka. Dot.
Ichi chinyorwa imhando yekuongorora kwemabhureki masisitimu aripo pane ano rolling stock. Uyezve, mune zvimwe zvinyorwa munhevedzano ino, ini ndichagara pane chimwe nechimwe chazvo zvakadzama. Tichadzidza kuti ndezvipi zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa kudzora mabhureki uye kuti madhizaini emhepo akagadzirwa sei. Ngatitarisei zvakanyanya nyaya dze regenerative uye rheostatic braking. Uye zvechokwadi, ngatitarisei mabhureki emotokari dzinomhanya. Toonana zvakare uye ndinokutendai nekuteerera kwenyu!
PS: Shamwari! Ndinoda kutaura kutenda kwakakosha nekuda kwehuwandu hwemashoko emunhu anoratidza kukanganisa uye typos muchinyorwa. Hongu, ini ndiri mutadzi asina hushamwari nemutauro weRussia uye anovhiringidzika pamakiyi. Ndaedza kugadzirisa maonero ako.
Source: www.habr.com