Unhu hwemagetsi emagetsi ndiyo inonyanya kukosha chiratidzo chezinga rebasa remazuva ano data center. Izvi zvinonzwisisika: zvachose zvigadzirwa zvose zvinodiwa pakushanda kwe data data inoshandiswa nemagetsi. Pasina iyo, maseva, network, mainjiniya masisitimu uye masisitimu ekuchengetedza anomira kushanda kudzamara magetsi adzoreredzwa zvachose.
Isu tinokuudza kuti dhiziri yemafuta uye dhizaini yedu yehutano inotamba sei mukushanda kusingapindiki kweLinxdatacenter data center muSt.
Iwe uchashamisika, asi kana uchipa zvitupa zvedhata zvekuteedzera indasitiri yemhando zviyero, Uptime Institute nyanzvi dzinopa basa rekutanga mukuongorora hurongwa hwemagetsi kumhando yekushanda kwemajenareta edhiziri.
Sei? Kushanda kwakatsetseka kwe data center ndiko pakati pehupfumi hwe digital. Ichokwadi ndeichi: 15 milliseconds ye data center magetsi kupera zvakakwana kuvhiringidza maitiro ebhizinesi nemigumisiro inooneka kumushandisi wekupedzisira. Zvakawanda here kana zvishoma? One milisecond (ms) iyuniti yenguva yakaenzana nechuru chesekondi. Mamilliseconds mashanu inguva inotora nyuchi kuti ivhure mapapiro ayo kamwe chete. Zvinotora munhu 300-400 ms kuti abwaire. Imwe miniti yenguva yekuderera inodhura makambani avhareji ye2013 madhora muna 7900, maererano naEmerson. Tichifunga nezvekuwedzera kuri kuita bhizinesi redhijitari, kurasikirwa kunogona kusvika kumazana ezviuru zvemadhora pamasekonzi makumi matanhatu ega ega enguva yekuderera. Hupfumi hunoda kuti mabhizinesi ave 60% akabatana.
Uye zvakadaro, nei majenareta edhiziri achionekwa sosi huru yemagetsi maererano neUI? Nekuti kana paine kudzima kwemagetsi mains, iyo data data inogona kuvimba navo seyo chete sosi yesimba kuchengetedza masisitimu ese achishanda kusvikira mains adzorerwa.
Kunzvimbo yedu yedata muSt. Petersburg, nyaya dzine chokuita nemagetsi dzinoita basa rinokosha zvikuru: nzvimbo yedata yakasununguka zvachose kune network yeguta uye inopiwa nemagetsi ne 12 MW gas piston power plant. Kana iyo gasi inopa yakamiswa nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero, iyo data data inoshandura kushanda nedhiziri generator set. Kutanga, UPSs inotangwa, iyo inokwana maminetsi makumi mana ekushanda kusingapindiki kwenzvimbo yedata, majenareta edhiziri anotangwa mukati memaminitsi maviri mushure mekunge gasi piston station yamiswa uye kushanda pamafuta aripo kweanenge mamwe maawa makumi manomwe nemaviri. . Panguva imwecheteyo, chibvumirano chichatanga kushanda nemutengesi wemafuta, uyo anosungirwa kuendesa mavhoriyamu akabvumirana kunzvimbo yedata mukati maawa mana.
Kugadzirira kweUptime Institute certification yekutevedzera Management & Operations manejimendi manejimendi zvakatimanikidza kunyatso tarisisa maitiro ekupa mafuta edhiziri, kutonga kwayo kwemhando, kudyidzana nevatengesi, nezvimwe. Izvi zvine musoro: kunaka kwekushanda kwechigadzirwa chemagetsi enyukireya muSosnovy Bor hachitsamiri kwatiri nenzira ipi zvayo, asi tinofanira kuva nemhosva yakakwana yechikamu chedu chemagetsi emagetsi.
DT yenzvimbo dzedata: zvekutsvaga
Kuti majenereta ashande kwenguva yakareba, akavimbika uye mune zvehupfumi, haufanirwe kungotenga michina yakavimbika, asiwo sarudza yakakodzera mafuta edhiziri (DF) kwavari.
Kubva pane zviri pachena: chero mafuta ane hurefu hwehupenyu hwemakore 3-5. Inosiyanawo zvakanyanya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana: imwe mhando yakakodzera kushandiswa munguva yechando, imwe haina kukodzera zvachose kune izvi, uye kushandiswa kwayo kunotungamirira kunjodzi huru.
Mapoinzi ese aya anofanirwa kunyatsotariswa kuitira kudzivirira mamiriro ezvinhu apo jenareta redhiziri haritangire nekuda kwekupera kana kusakodzera mafuta emwaka.
Imwe yeanonyanya kukosha kupatsanurwa paramita ndiyo mhando yemafuta anoshandiswa. Kuita kwepamusoro uye kuvimbika kwemidziyo kunokonzerwa nehutano hwemhando yakasarudzwa kubva kune mumwe mutengesi.
Sarudzo chaiyo yemafuta edhiziri ichapa zvinotevera zvakanakira:
- kunyatsoshanda;
- kushanda zvakanaka uye mutengo wakaderera;
- high torque;
- high compression ratio.
cetane number
Muchokwadi, mafuta edhiziri ane akawanda maitiro aunogona kudzidza mupasipoti yeimwe batch yezvigadzirwa. Nekudaro, kune nyanzvi, nzira huru yekuona mhando yerudzi urwu rwemafuta ndiyo nhamba yecetane uye tembiricha zvivakwa.
Nhamba yecetane mukugadzirwa kwemafuta edizeli inosarudza kukwanisa kwekutanga, i.e. kukwanisa kwehuni kubatidza. Iyo yakakwirira nhamba iyi, iyo inokurumidza kupisa mafuta mukamuri - uye zvakanyanya kuenzana (uye zvakachengeteka!) Musanganiswa wedhiziri nemhepo inopisa. Iyo yakajairwa huwandu hwezviratidzo zvayo ndeye 40-55. Mafuta edhiziri emhando yepamusoro ane nhamba yakakura yecetane inopa injini ne: nguva shoma inodiwa pakudziya uye kupisa, kushanda zvakanaka uye kushanda nesimba, pamwe nesimba guru.
Diesel kuchenesa mafuta
Kupinda kwemvura uye kusvibiswa kwemagetsi mumafuta edhiziri kwakatonyanya njodzi pane peturu. Mafuta akadaro anogona kusashanda. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuvapo kwehutsvina hwemagetsi kunogona kuonekwa senge sediment pazasi pemudziyo une mafuta edhiziri.
Mvura inobvisawo kubva mumafuta uye inogadzika pasi, izvo zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kusimbisa kuvepo kwayo. Mumafuta edhiziri asina kugadzikana, mvura inoita kuti iite makore.
Kuchenesa mafuta edhiziri kuchabatsira kuvandudza mashandiro. Kune akakosha kuisirwa uye kusefa masisitimu eizvi. Sarudzo yemidziyo yemaitiro akadaro inotsamira pane izvo chaizvo zvinoda kucheneswa kubva mumafuta - parafini, kusvibiswa kwemichina, sarufa kana mvura.
Mutengesi ane mutoro wehutano hwekucheneswa kwemafuta, ndicho chikonzero zvakakosha kuva nemupi wekutengesa hurongwa, hwatichakurukura pasi apa, uye kuti tisakanganwa nezvemamwe matanho. Saka, kuti tiwedzere kuchenesa mafuta, takaisa Separ mafuta anoparadzanisa pombi yemafuta ega ega dhiziri jenareta. Vanodzivirira mashizha emagetsi nemvura kubva pakupinda jenareta.
Fuel separator.
Mamiriro ekunze
Mukutsvaga mhando uye mitengo inokwanisika yemafuta, makambani anowanzo kukanganwa nezve tembiricha iyo chiteshi chichashanda. Dzimwe nguva kusarudza peturu imwe chete βkune chero mamiriro okunzeβ hakukuvadzi zvakanyanya. Asi kana chiteshi chikashandiswa kunze, zvakakodzera kusarudza mafuta zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze.
Vagadziri vanokamura mafuta edhiziri muzhizha, chando uye "arctic" - kune tembiricha yakaderera. MuRussia, GOST 305-82 ine basa rekuparadzanisa mafuta nemwaka. Gwaro rinotsanangura kushandiswa kwemagiredhi echirimo emafuta patembiricha iri pamusoro pe0 Β°C. Mafuta echando akakodzera kushandiswa patembiricha inodzika kusvika -30 Β°C. "Arctic" - mukutonhora kunodzika kusvika -50 Β°C.
Nekushanda kwakagadzikana kwemajenareta edhiziri, takasarudza kutenga dhiziri yechando -35 β. Izvi zvinokubvumira kuti usafunga nezvekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kwemwaka.
Matarisiro atinoita mafuta
Kuti uone kuti majenareta edhiziri anoshanda zvakavimbika, unofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti mutengesi wako ari kutumira mafuta chaiwo aunoda.
Takafunga kwenguva yakareba nezvekugadzirisa dambudziko iri, takafunga nezvesarudzo yekutora samples uye nekuitumira kunoongororwa kune akakosha marabhoritari. Zvisinei, nzira iyi inotora nguva, uye chii chaunofanira kuita kana miedzo ikadzoka isingagutsi? Iyo batch yakatotumirwa - dzoka, rongedza? Uye zvakadini kana kurongeka kwakadaro kuchiwira panguva iyo inofanirwa kutanga majenareta?
Uye zvino takasarudza kuyera kunaka kwemafuta panzvimbo, tichishandisa octane mamita, kunyanya kushandisa SHATOX SX-150. Ichi chishandiso chinobvumira kuongororwa kwakajeka kwemafuta akapihwa, kuona kwete chete nhamba yecetane, asiwo nzvimbo yekudira uye rudzi rwemafuta.
Nheyo yekushanda yeoctanometer yakavakirwa pakuenzanisa nhamba dzeoctane/cetane dzemafuta edhiziri / peturu dzakasimbiswa neyakaedzwa mafuta edhiziri / peturu. Iyo yakakosha processor ine matafura akashandiswa emhando dzakasimbiswa dzemafuta, ayo chirongwa chekududzira chinofananidza nematanho emuenzaniso wakatorwa uye nekugadzirisa kwekushisa kwesampu.
Ichi chishandiso chinokutendera iwe kuti uwane mhedzisiro yemhando yemafuta munguva chaiyo. Mitemo yekuyera kunaka kwemafuta uchishandisa octane mita yakanyorwa pasi mumirau yebasa rekushanda.
Kushanda musimboti wemamita octane
- Iyo sensor yemudziyo inoiswa panzvimbo yakatwasuka uye yakabatana kune yekuyeresa unit.
- Chishandiso chinotendeuka kana sensor isina chinhu. Iyo mita inoratidza zero CETANE kuverenga:
- Cet = 0.0;
- Tfr = 0.0.
- Mushure mekutarisa kushanda kwechigadzirwa, zvinodikanwa kuzadza sensor nemafuta kusvikira yazara zvachose. Maitiro ekuyera nekuvandudza kuverenga haatore kupfuura masekonzi mashanu.
- Mushure mekuyera, iyo data inopinzwa mutafura uye ichienzaniswa neyakajairwa kuverenga. Kuti zvive nyore, maseru anoiswa kuti aratidze otomatiki kukosha muruvara. Kana kuverenga kuchigamuchirwa, kunoshanduka kusvibira; kana ma paramita asingagutsikane, anoshanduka akatsvuka, izvo zvinokutendera iwe kuti uwedzere kudzora ma paramita emafuta akapihwa.
- Isu pachedu, takasarudza anotevera akajairwa emhando yemafuta ekuverenga:
- Cet = 40-52;
- Tfr = kubva paminus 25 kusvika pa40.
Fuel resource accounting table
| Musi | Kugamuchirwa kwemafuta | Kutarisa kwemhando yepamusoro | |
| January 18 2019 | 5180 | Cetane | 47 |
| TFr | -32 | ||
| mhando | W | ||
S - mafuta ezhizha, W - mafuta echando, A - mafuta eArctic.
PROFIT! kana kuti yakashanda sei
Muchokwadi, isu takatanga kugashira mhedzisiro yekutanga yeprojekiti pakarepo mushure mekunge hurongwa hwekutonga hwaiswa. Kudzora kwekutanga kwakaratidza kuti mutengesi akaunza mafuta asina kusangana neakaziviswa paramita. Somuuyo, takadzorera tangi racho ndokukumbira kurimwe kutumirwa. Pasina hurongwa hwekutonga, tinogona kupinda mumamiriro ezvinhu apo dhiziri yejenareta haitangi nekuda kwekuderera kwehuni.
Muzhinji, pfungwa yehungwaru, nhanho yakadaro yehutsanana mukutonga kwemhando inopa chivimbo chakazara mukusavhiringidzwa kwemagetsi enzvimbo yedata, apo isu tinogona kunyatsovimba isu pachedu mukugadzirisa dambudziko rekuchengetedza 100% uptime kushanda kwesaiti.
Uye aya haasi mazwi chete: pamwe isu tisu chete dhata data muRussia iyo, kana ichiita rwendo rwekuratidzira kune mutengi, inogona kupindura kuchikumbiro "Unokwanisa here kubvisa kubva kumagetsi makuru emagetsi ekuti uratidze shanduko kune imwe backup. ?β Isu tinobvumirana uye nekukasira, pamberi pemeso edu chaiwo, endesa zvese zvishandiso kuti zvichengete chero nguva. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti chero mushandi ane danho rakakodzera remvumo anogona kuita izvi: maitiro akagadziridzwa zvakakwana kuti asatsamira kune mumwe mutambi - isu tine chivimbo matiri mune izvi.
Nekudaro, kwete isu chete: maitiro ekutonga kwemhando yemafuta edhiziri panguva yekupihwa chitupa neUptime Institute akakwezva kutarisa kwevaongorori vesangano, avo vakazviona semaindasitiri akanakisa maitiro.
Source: www.habr.com