Maxay Wolverine, Deadpool iyo Jellyfish ka wadaagaan? Dhammaantood waxay leeyihiin muuqaal cajiib ah - dib u soo kabashada. Dabcan, majaajilada iyo filimada, awooddan, oo ka dhaxaysa tirada aadka u xaddidan ee noolaha dhabta ah, wax yar (iyo mararka qaarkood si weyn) waa la buunbuuniyey, laakiin waa mid dhab ah. Iyo waxa dhabta ah ayaa lagu sharxi karaa, taas oo ah waxa saynisyahano ka socda Jaamacadda Tohoku (Japan) ay go'aansadeen in ay sameeyaan daraasaddooda cusub. Waa maxay hababka gacanta ee jidhka jellyfish la xidhiidha dib u soo kabashada, sidee hawshani u socotaa, iyo maxay awoodaha kale ee sare ee ay leeyihiin makhluuqa jelly-u eg? Warbixinta kooxda cilmi-baarista ayaa nooga sheegi doonta arrintan. Tag
Saldhig cilmi baaris
Ugu horreyntii, saynisyahannadu waxay sharraxayaan sababta ay u go'aansadeen inay diiradda saaraan jellyfish. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in cilmi-baarista ugu badan ee cilmiga bayoolajiga lagu sameeyo iyada oo ka qaybqaadashada loogu yeero noolaha moodada ah: jiirarka, duqsiga miraha, Gooryaanka, kalluunka, iwm. Laakin meeraheena waxaa ku nool malaayiin nooc oo mid walba uu leeyahay awood gaar ah ama mid kale. Sidaa darteed, suurtagal maaha in si buuxda loo qiimeeyo habka dib-u-soo-nooleynta gacanta iyadoo la baranayo hal nooc oo keliya, oo loo qaato in habka la bartay uu noqon doono mid caadi ah dhammaan makhluuqaadka Dunida.
Sida jellyfish, xayawaannadani, muuqaalkooda, waxay ka hadlaan gaarkooda, taas oo aan soo jiidan karin dareenka saynisyahannada. Sidaa darteed, ka hor intaanan bilaabin qaybta cilmi-baarista lafteeda, waxaan la kulmay dabeecadeeda ugu weyn.
Erayga "jellyfish," oo aan u isticmaalnay in aan ugu yeerno makhluuqa sida, dhab ahaantii waxaa loola jeedaa oo kaliya marxaladda wareegga nolosha ee nooca cnidarian. medusozoa. Cnidarians waxay heleen magac aan caadi ahayn sababtoo ah joogitaanka unugyadu (cnidocytes) ee jirkooda, kuwaas oo loo isticmaalo ugaarsiga iyo is-difaaca. Si fudud loo dhigo, marka aad ku dhufato jellyfish, waxaad u mahadcelin kartaa unugyadan xanuunka iyo rafaadka.
Cnidocytes waxay ka kooban yihiin cnidocysts, xubinta unugyada intracellular mas'uul ka ah saameynta "xannida". Marka loo eego muuqaalkooda iyo, si waafaqsan, habka codsiga, dhowr nooc oo cnidocytes ah ayaa la kala saaraa, kuwaas oo ay ka mid yihiin:
- dusiyeyaal - dun leh cidhifyo fiiqan oo ka muday jidhka dhibbanaha ama dembiilaha sida warmaha, duridda neurotoxin;
- glutinants - dun dhegdheg ah oo dhaadheer oo dahaarka dhibbanaha (ma aha laabta ugu fiican);
- volvents waa maro gaagaaban oo dhibbanuhu si fudud ugu dhex milmi karo.
Hubka noocan oo kale ah ee aan caadiga ahayn waxaa lagu sharaxay xaqiiqda ah in jellyfish, inkastoo ay qurux badan yihiin, maahan makhluuqaad gaar ah. Neurotoxin-ka gala jidhka ugaadha ayaa isla markiiba curyaamiya, taas oo siinaysa jellyfish waqti badan oo qadada ah.
Jellyfish ka dib ugaarsi guul leh.
Marka lagu daro habka aan caadiga ahayn ee ugaarsiga iyo difaaca, jellyfish waxay leeyihiin taran aan caadi ahayn. Raggu waxay soo saaraan shahwad, dheddiguna waxay soo saaraan ukumo, ka dib marka la isku daro kuwaas oo planulae (larvae) la sameeyay, oo degaya xagga hoose. Muddo ka dib, buro ayaa ka soo baxa dirxiga, kaas oo, marka uu gaaro qaan-gaarnimada, jellyfish yar yar ayaa dhab ahaantii jebiya (xaqiiqda, gaysashada ayaa dhacda). Sidaa darteed, waxaa jira dhowr marxaladood oo wareegga nolosha ah, kuwaas oo mid ka mid ah uu yahay jellyfish ama jiilka medusoid.
Cyanea timaha leh, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaanno libaaxa libaaxa.
Haddii canea timaha leh la waydiiyo sida loo kordhiyo waxtarka ugaarsiga, waxay ku jawaabi doontaa - teendhooyin badan. Waxaa jira ilaa 60 ka mid ah wadar ahaan (koox ka kooban 15 teendho ah oo ku yaal gees kasta oo qubbad ah). Intaa waxaa dheer, nooca jellyfish waxaa loo tixgeliyaa kan ugu weyn, sababtoo ah dhexroorka qumbaha wuxuu gaari karaa 2 mitir, teendhooyinkuna waxay fidin karaan ilaa 20 mitir inta lagu jiro ugaarsiga. Nasiib wanaag, noocani si gaar ah uma aha "sun" sidaas darteedna aan u dhimanayn bini'aadamka.
Doofaarka badda, isna, wuxuu ku dari lahaa tayada tirada. Kalluunka noocaan ah waxa kale oo uu leeyahay 15 tentacles (3 mitir oo dherer ah) mid kasta oo ka mid ah afarta gees ee qubbada, laakiin suntooda ayaa marar badan ka xoog badan tan qaraabadiisa weyn. Waxaa la rumeysan yahay in xashiishka baddu ay leedahay neurotoxin ku filan oo ay ku disho 60 qof 3 daqiiqo gudahood. Onkodka badaha ayaa ku nool aagga xeebta ee waqooyiga Australia iyo New Zealand. Sida laga soo xigtay xogta laga soo bilaabo 1884 ilaa 1996, 63 qof ayaa ku dhintay Australia, laakiin xogtani waxay noqon kartaa mid aan sax ahayn, waxaana laga yaabaa in tirada kulannada dilaaga ah ee dhexmara bini'aadamka iyo xashiishka badda ay aad uga badan yihiin. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka loo eego xogta 1991-2004, 225 xaaladood, kaliya 8% dhibbanayaasha ayaa isbitaal la dhigay, oo ay ku jiraan hal dhimasho (ilmo saddex jir ah).
Badeeco badda
Haddaba aan u soo laabano daraasadda aan maanta eegayno.
Marka laga eego aragtida unugyada, habka ugu muhiimsan ee nolosha oo dhan ee noole kasta waa kororka unugyada - habka koritaanka unugyada jidhka iyada oo loo marayo taranka unugga ee qaybinta. Inta lagu jiro koritaanka jidhka, habkani wuxuu xakameynayaa kororka cabbirka jirka. Marka jirku si buuxda u samaysmo, unugyadu waxay nidaamiyaan is-weydaarsiga jidheed ee unugyada iyo beddelka kuwa dhaawacmay oo cusub.
Cnidarians, sida koox walaasheed oo bilaterians ah iyo metazoans hore, ayaa loo isticmaalay in lagu barto hababka korriinka sanado badan. Sidaa darteed, cnidarians maaha mid ka reeban marka la eego fidinta. Tusaale ahaan, inta lagu guda jiro horumarinta embriyaha ee anemone badda Nematostella vectensis Kororka unugga waxaa la isku duba ridey ururka epithelial wuxuuna ku lug leeyahay horumarinta tentacle.
Nematostella vectensis
Waxyaabaha kale, cnidarians, sida aan horayba u ognahay, ayaa lagu yaqaanaa awooddooda dib-u-soo-nooleynta. Hydra polyps (genus of sessile coelenterates ee heerka biyaha saafiga ah) ayaa loo tixgeliyey kuwa ugu caansan cilmi-baarayaasha boqolaal sano. Kordhinta, oo ay dhaqaajiyaan unugyada dhimanaya, waxay kicisaa habka dib-u-soo-nooleynta madaxa asalka ah ee hydra. Magaca makhluuqani waxa uu tilmaamayaa noole khuraafaad ah oo loo yaqaanno dib-u-soo-noolayntiisa - Lernaean Hydra, kaas oo Hercules uu awooday in uu jabiyo.
Inkasta oo awoodaha dib-u-soo-nooleynta lala xiriiriyay kororka, haddana ma cadda sida saxda ah ee habkan unuggu u dhaco xaaladaha caadiga ah ee heerarka kala duwan ee horumarinta noolaha.
Jellyfish, oo leh meerto nololeed oo adag oo ka kooban laba marxaladood oo taran (daaqeed iyo galmo), waxay u adeegaan tusaale aad u wanaagsan oo lagu baranayo fidinta.
Shaqadan, doorka qofka ugu weyn ee la bartay waxaa ciyaaray jellyfish ee noocyada Cladonema pacificum. Noocani wuxuu ku nool yahay xeebaha Japan. Bilowgii, kalluunka jellyfish wuxuu leeyahay 9 teendhooyin oo waaweyn, kuwaas oo bilaabaya inay laanto oo kordhiyaan cabbirka (sida jirka oo dhan) inta lagu jiro koritaanka qof weyn. Habkani wuxuu noo ogolaanayaa inaan si faahfaahsan u baranno dhammaan hababka ku lug leh geeddi-socodkan.
Marka lagu daro Cladonema pacificum Daraasadu waxay sidoo kale eegtay noocyada kale ee jellyfish: Cytaeis uchidae ΠΈ Rathkea octopunctata.
Natiijooyinka cilmi-baarista
Si loo fahmo qaabka fidinta unugyada ee Cladonema medusa, saynisyahannadu waxay adeegsadeen 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), midabaynta, taas oo calaamadisa unugyada S-phase* ama unugyo hore u maray.
S-phase* - marxaladda wareegga unugga ee ku-noqoshada DNA-du ku dhacdo.
Marka la eego Cladonema si aad ah ayey u kordheysaa cabbirka waxayna muujisaa laanta teendhada inta lagu jiro horumarka (1A-1C), Qaybinta unugyadu way isbedeli karaan inta ay koraan.
Sawirka No. 1: sifooyinka unugyada unugyada ee Cladonema ee da'da yar.
Sifadan awgeed, waxaa suurtogal ah in la barto habka fidinta unugga labadaba dhalinyarada (maalinta 1) iyo galmo qaan-gaar ah (maalinta 45) jellyfish.
Jellyfish-ka dhallinta, unugyo-positive EdU ah ayaa laga helay tiro aad u badan oo jirka oo dhan ah, oo ay ku jiraan xuddunta, manubrium (xubinta taageerta daloolka afka ee jellyfish), iyo teendhada, iyadoon loo eegin wakhtiga soo-gaadhista EdU (1D-1K ΠΈ 1N-1O, EdU: 20 Β΅M (micromolar) 24 saac kadib.
In yar oo unugyo togan oo EdU ah ayaa laga helay manubrium (1F ΠΈ 1G), laakiin dalladda qaybintooda ayaa ahayd mid isku mid ah, gaar ahaan qolofka dibadda ee dalladda (exxumbrella, 1H-1K). teendhada gudaha, unugyada togan ee EdU ayaa si heersare ah loo ururiyey (1N). Isticmaalka calaamadeeyaha mitotic (PH3 antibody) ayaa suurtageliyay in la xaqiijiyo in unugyada EU-positive ay yihiin unugyo fidaya. Unugyada PH3-positive ayaa laga helay dallada iyo guluubka tentacle labadaba (1L ΠΈ 1P).
teendhada, unugyada mitirka ayaa inta badan laga helay ectoderm (1P), halka dallada ku jirta unugyadu ay ku yaalaan lakabka sare (1M).
Sawirka No. 2: sifooyinka unugyada unugyada ee Cladonema baaluq.
Shakhsiyaadka da'da yar iyo kuwa qaan-gaarka ah labadaba, unugyada EU-positive ayaa laga helay tiro badan oo jirka oo dhan ah. Xuddunta, unugyada togan ee EdU ayaa inta badan laga helay lakabka sare marka loo eego lakabka hoose, kaas oo la mid ah indho-indheynta dhallinta2A-2D).
Laakiin teendhada xaaladdu xoogaa way ka duwanayd. Unugyada togan ee EdU ayaa ku ururay saldhigga teendhada (bulb), halkaas oo laba rucubood laga helay labada dhinac ee nalka (2E ΠΈ 2F). Shaqsiyaadka da'da yar, ururro la mid ah ayaa sidoo kale lagu arkay (1N), i.e. nalalka tentacle waxay noqon karaan meesha ugu weyn ee fidinta inta lagu jiro marxaladda medusoid. Waxaa la yaab leh in manubrium ee shakhsiyaadka qaangaarka ah tirada unugyada EU-positive ay aad uga weyn yihiin kuwa aan qaan-gaarin (2G ΠΈ 2H).
Natiijada dhexdhexaadka ah ayaa ah in kororka unuggu uu si isku mid ah ugu dhici karo dalladda jellyfish, laakiin teendhada geeddi-socodkani aad buu u kooban yahay. Sidaa darteed, waxaa loo qaadan karaa in kororka unugyada isku midka ah ay xakameyn karaan korriinka jirka iyo unugyada homeostasis, laakiin kooxo unugyo fidaya oo u dhow nalalka teentacle waxay ku lug leeyihiin morphogenesis tentacle.
Marka la eego horumarka jidhka laftiisa, badintu waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaartaa korriinka jidhka.
Sawirka # 3: Muhiimadda fidinta ee habka koritaanka jirka ee jellyfish.
Si loo tijaabiyo tan ficil ahaan, saynisyahannadu waxay kormeereen korriinka jirka ee jellyfish, iyaga oo ka bilaabay shakhsiyaadka da'da yar. Way sahlan tahay in lagu go'aamiyo cabbirka jirka jellyfish ee qubbaddiisa, maadaama ay si siman iyo si toos ah u koraan jirka oo dhan.
Quudinta caadiga ah ee xaaladaha shaybaarka, cabbirka qubbada wuxuu si aad ah u kordhay 54.8% inta lagu jiro 24 saacadood ee ugu horreeya - laga bilaabo 0.62 Β± 0.02 mm2 ilaa 0.96 Β± 0.02 mm2. 5-ta maalmood ee soo socota ee indha-indheynta, cabbirku si tartiib ah ayuu u kordhay ilaa 0.98 Β± 0.03 mm2 (3A-3S).
Jellyfish oo ka tirsan koox kale, kuwaas oo laga reebay cuntada, ma korin, laakiin way yaraadeen (khadka cas ee garaafka 3S). Falanqaynta unugga ee jellyfish gaajaysan waxay muujisay joogitaanka tiro aad u yar oo unugyo EdU ah: 1240.6 Β± 214.3 ee jellyfish ee kooxda kantaroolka iyo 433.6 Β± 133 kuwa gaajaysan (3D-3H). U fiirsashadani waxay noqon kartaa caddayn toos ah in nafaqadu ay si toos ah u saamayso habka fidinta.
Si loo tijaabiyo mala-awaalkan, saynis-yahannadu waxay sameeyeen tijaabo dawooyin ah oo ay ku xannibeen horumarka wareegga unugyada iyaga oo isticmaalaya hydroxyurea (CH4N2O2), horjoogaha wareegga unugyada ee sababa xidhitaanka G1. Natiijadii faragelintan, unugyadii S-phase-ka ee horay loo ogaaday iyadoo la adeegsanayo EDU waa la waayay3I-3L). Sidaa darteed, jellyfish ee lagu soo bandhigay CH4N2O2 ma muujin koritaanka jidhka, si ka duwan kooxda xakamaynta (3M).
Marxaladda xigta ee daraasaddu waxay ahayd daraasad faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan teendhada laanta ee jellyfish si loo xaqiijiyo fikradda ah in faafitaanka maxalliga ah ee unugyada teentacles ay gacan ka geystaan ββββmorphogenesis.
Sawirka No. 4: saamaynta faafinta maxalliga ah ee koritaanka iyo laanta teendhada jellyfish.
Teendhada jellyfish-ka da'da yar waxay leeyihiin hal laan, laakiin waqti ka dib tiradoodu way korodhaa. Xaaladaha shaybaarka, laanta ayaa kordhay 3 jeer maalintii sagaalaad ee kormeerka (4A ΠΈ 4S).
Mar labaad, markii CH4N2O2 la isticmaalay, laan ka mid ah teendhooyinka lama arag, laakiin hal laan oo keliya (4B ΠΈ 4C). Waxaa la yaab leh in ka saarista CH4N2O2 ee jirka jellyfish ay dib u soo celisay habka laanta teendhada, taas oo muujinaysa dib u noqoshada faragelinta daroogada. Indho-indhayntani waxay si cad u tilmaamaysaa muhiimadda ay fidinta u leedahay horumarka teendhada.
Cnidarians ma noqon doonaan cnidarians la'aanteed nematocytes (cnidocytes, ie, cnidarians). Noocyada jellyfish ee Clytia hemisphaerica, unugyada asliga ah ee nalalka teendhada ayaa bixiya nematocysts si ay u siiyaan talooyinka teendhada si sax ah sababtoo ah kororka unugyada. Dabcan, saynisyahannadu waxay go'aansadeen inay tijaabiyaan bayaankan sidoo kale.
Si loo ogaado xidhiidh kasta oo ka dhexeeya nematocysts iyo faafitaanka, dheeha wasakhaynta nukliyeerka ah oo calaamadin kara poly-Ξ³-glutamate oo ku dhex jira gidaarka nematocyst (DAPI, i.e. 4β²,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) ayaa la isticmaalay.
Midabaynta Poly-Ξ³-glutamate waxay noo ogolaatay inaan qiyaasno cabbirka nematocytes, oo u dhexeeya 2 ilaa 110 ΞΌm2 (4D-4G). Tiro nematocysts ah oo madhan ayaa sidoo kale la aqoonsaday, taas oo ah, nematocytes noocan oo kale ah ayaa dhammaaday (4D-4G).
Dhaqdhaqaaqa fidinta ee teendhada jellyfish waxaa lagu tijaabiyay barashada faaruqinta nematocytes ka dib markii la xannibay wareegga unugyada CH4N2O2. Qaybta nematocytes ee madhan ee jellyfish ka dib faragelinta daroogada ayaa ka sarraysay kooxda kantaroolka: 11.4% Β± 2.0% jellyfish ee kooxda kantaroolka iyo 19.7% Β± 2.0% jellyfish leh CH4N2O2 (4D-4G ΠΈ 4H). Sidaa darteed, xitaa daal ka dib, nematocytes waxay sii wadaan inay si firfircoon u bixiyaan unugyada taranka ee taranka, taas oo xaqiijinaysa saameynta habkan ma aha oo kaliya horumarinta teendhada, laakiin sidoo kale nematogenesis iyaga.
Marxaladda ugu xiisaha badan waxay ahayd daraasadda awoodaha dib-u-soo-celinta ee jellyfish. Iyadoo la tixgelinayo xoojinta sare ee unugyada faafinta ee guluubka tentacle ee jellyfish baaluq Cladonema, saynisyahano go'aansaday in ay bartaan dib u soo kabashada ee tentacles.
Sawirka No. 5: saameynta fidinta ee dib u soo kabashada tentacle.
Ka dib markii la kala gooyay teendhada saldhigga, hannaan dib-u-soo-nooleyn ayaa la arkay (5A-5D). Intii lagu jiray 24-kii saacadood ee ugu horreeyay, bogsashada ayaa ka dhacday aagga la jeexay (5B). Maalintii labaad ee fiirsashada, caarada ayaa bilowday inay dheeraato oo laamo ayaa soo muuqday (5S). Maalintii shanaad, teendhadu waa la wada jaray.5D), sidaas darteed, dib-u-soo-nooleynta tentacle waxay raaci kartaa morphogenesis caadiga ah ee tentacle ka dib dhererka.
Si loo daraaseeyo heerka bilowga ah ee dib-u-soo-nooleynta, saynisyahannadu waxay falanqeeyeen qaybinta unugyada sii kordhaya iyagoo isticmaalaya midabaynta PH3 si ay u arkaan unugyada mitotic.
Iyadoo kala qaybinta unugyada inta badan lagu arkay meel u dhow aagga la gooyey, unugyo mitotik ah ayaa lagu kala firdhiyey nalalka kontoroolka aan la gooyn.5E ΠΈ 5F).
Tirada unugyada togan ee PH3 ee ku jira nalalka teendhada ayaa muujisay koror weyn oo ku yimid unugyada PH3-positive ee nalalka teendhada ee kuwa la gooyay marka la barbar dhigo kontaroolada (5G). Gabagabadii, hababka dib-u-soo-nooleynta bilowga ah waxaa weheliya kororka firfircoon ee unugyada unugyada nalalka teendhada.
Saamaynta faafinta ee dib-u-soo-nooleynta waxaa lagu tijaabiyay xannibaadda unugyada CH4N2O2 ka dib markii la gooyay teendhada. Kooxda xakamaynta, dhererka teendhada ka dib goynta ayaa si caadi ah u dhacday, sida la filayo. Laakiin kooxda CH4N2O2 lagu dabaqay, dhererku ma dhicin, inkastoo bogsashada nabarrada caadiga ah (5H). Si kale haddii loo dhigo, bogsiintu waxay ku dhici doontaa xaalad kasta, laakiin fidinta ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah dib u soo kabashada saxda ah.
Ugu dambeyntii, saynisyahannadu waxay go'aansadeen in ay bartaan faafitaanka noocyada kale ee jellyfish, kuwaas oo ah Cytaeis ΠΈ Rathkea.
Sawirka #6: Isbarbardhigga fidinta Cytaeis (bidix) iyo Rathkea (midig) jellyfish.
Π£ Cytaeis medusa EdU-unugyada togan ayaa lagu arkay manbrium-ka, nalalka tentacle iyo qaybta sare ee dalladda (6A ΠΈ 6B). Goobta unugyada PH3-positive ee la aqoonsaday Cytaeis aad ugu eg Cladonemalaakiin waxaa jira farqi6C ΠΈ 6D). Laakiin at Rathkea Unugyada EDU-positive iyo PH3-positive ayaa laga helay ku dhawaad ββsi gaar ah gobolka manubrium iyo nalalka tentacle (6E-6H).
Waxa kale oo xiiso leh in unugyo sii kordhaya laga helay kelyaha jellyfish Rathkea (6E-6G), taasoo ka tarjumaysa nooca asexual ee taranka noocaan.
Iyadoo la tixgelinayo macluumaadka la helay, waxaa loo qaadan karaa in kororka unuggu uu ku dhaco nalalka teendhada ma aha oo kaliya hal nooc oo jellyfish ah, inkasta oo ay jiraan kala duwanaansho sababtoo ah kala duwanaanshaha physiology iyo morphology.
Si aad u hesho aqoon faahfaahsan oo ku saabsan nuxurka daraasadda, waxaan ku talinayaa in la eego .
Epilogue
Mid ka mid ah jilayaasha suugaanta aan jeclahay waa Hercule Poirot. Baaraha caqli-galku wuxuu had iyo jeer si gaar ah u eegi jiray tafaasiisha yaryar ee dadka kale u maleeyeen inaanay muhiim ahayn. Saynis yahanadu waxay aad u jecel yihiin baarayaasha, iyagoo ururinaya dhammaan cadaymaha ay heli karaan si ay uga jawaabaan dhammaan su'aalaha baaritaanka oo ay ogaadaan "dambiilaha."
Si kasta oo ay u muuqan karto, dib-u-soo-nooleynta unugyada jellyfish waxay si toos ah ula xiriirtaa kororka - geeddi-socod ka mid ah horumarinta unugyada, unugyada iyo, natiijada, dhammaan noolaha. Daraasad qotodheer oo ku saabsan geeddi-socodkan dhammaystiran waxay noo oggolaan doontaa inaan si wanaagsan u fahanno hababka molecular ee ka hooseeya, taas oo, iyaduna, balaadhin doonta oo keliya ma aha heerka aqoontayada, laakiin sidoo kale waxay si toos ah u saameyn doontaa nolosheena.
Jimcaha ka baxsan-sare:
Maarj ee jellyfish ee noocyada Aurelia, oo uu dhibay ugaarsade leh magaca aan caadiga ahayn "jellyfish ukunta shiilan", i.e. Jellyfish ukun la shiilay (Planet Earth, cod-dhaaf ah oo uu sameeyay David Attenborough).
Ma aha jellyfish, laakiin xayawaankan qoto dheer ee badda (pelican-like bigmouth) inta badan lama sawiro (falcelinta cilmi-baarayaasha ayaa si fudud u taabanaya).
Waad ku mahadsantahay daawashadaada, aad u fiirso oo qof walba ha yeelo isbuucaan wanaagsan! π
Waad ku mahadsan tahay inaad nala joogto. Ma jeceshahay maqaalladayada? Ma doonaysaa inaad aragto wax badan oo xiiso leh? Nagu taageer adigoo dalbanaya amar ama kula talinaya asxaabta, 30% qiimo dhimis isticmaalayaasha Habr analooga u gaarka ah ee server-yada heerka gelitaanka, kaas oo anaga aan adiga kuu hindisay: (waxaa laga heli karaa RAID1 iyo RAID10, ilaa 24 cores iyo ilaa 40GB DDR4).
Dell R730xd 2 jeer ka jaban? Kaliya halkan Nederlaan! Dell R420 - 2x E5-2430 2.2Ghz 6C 128GB DDR3 2x960GB SSD 1Gbps 100TB - laga bilaabo $99! Wax ka akhri
Source: www.habr.com