Metsoalle, joalo ka ha le se le tseba, re itokisetsa ka lebelo le felletseng morero o mocha oa geek — "Server in the clouds 2.0", kapa "Space data center". Ka bokhuts'oane: ka la 12 Mmesa, re tla qala seva e iketselitseng balloon ea stratospheric ho ea bophahamong ba lik'hilomithara tse ka bang 30, re tla fetisetsa data ho eona ka sistimi ea puisano ea sebaka, mme ho tsoa ho seva re tla phatlalatsa data ho Lefatše ka puisano ea seea-le-moea.

'Me kajeno re batla ho bua ka mekhoa e meraro ea puisano ea sebaka seo re tla se hlahloba morerong oa rona - Iridium, GlobalStar le Gonets. Ho etsa sena, re tla beha lisebelisoa tsa ho amohela haufi le seva sa rona se holimo-limo.

Histori e khutšoanyane

Litsamaiso tsena tse tharo tse hlalositsoeng li entsoe 'me tsa sebelisoa hoo e ka bang ka nako e le' ngoe, lilemong tsa bo-1990. American Iridium ho bona hase feela ea khale ka ho fetisisa moralo (mosebetsi o qalile ka 1990), empa hape e kholo ka ho fetisisa - e ne e reretsoe ho hlahisa li-satellite tse 77, tse lumellanang le palo ea athomo ea iridium, empa kajeno ho na le li-satellite tse 66. (+ 6 tse boloketsoeng). Ts'ebetso ea khoebo ea sistimi e qalile ka 1998. Ka selemo feela, k'hamphani e ile ea khona ho putlama, 'me ka 2000 thepa ea eona e ile ea rekoa ke k'hamphani e sebetsang molemong oa Lefapha la Tšireletso la United States. Ka 2001, ts'ebetso ea khoebo e ile ea qala hape; ka 2009, mong'a Iridium o ile a fetoha hape. Ho tloha ka nako eo, marang-rang ana a puisano a sathelaete a ntse a phela ebile a phetse hantle.

GlobalStar e boetse e thehiloe USA, le hoja mekhatlo e tsoang Fora, Engelane, Jeremane le Korea Boroa e kenya letsoho morerong ona. Ho romelloa ha sehlopha sa linaleli sa satellite ho qalile ka 1998, 'me ka 2000 GlobalStar e ile ea thakholoa mosebetsing oa khoebo. Mona hape, ho ne ho e-na le ho putlama; marang-rang a ile a fetola beng ba bona mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-2000. Kajeno ho na le lisathelaete tse 48 tsa GlobalStar ho orbit (+ 4 tse bolokiloeng).

Tsamaiso ea "Messenger" ea Serussia qalong hase morero oa botho, empa ke oa naha. Nts'etsopele ea eona e qalile morao koana ka 1989, mme ho qalisoa ha li-satellite tsa pele ho qalile ka 1996. Qalong, ho ne ho reriloe hore sehlopha sena sa linaleli se be le lisathelaete tse 24, empa kajeno ho sebetsa tse 12 feela.

Likarolo le bokhoni

Iridium

Iridium e na le tšireletso e kholo ka ho fetisisa e nang le litefiso tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa data. Li-satellite tsa eona li pota-potile Lefatše ka bophahamo ba lik'hilomithara tse 780 ka litsela tse nang le tšekamelo ea 86,5o, 'me li koahela bokaholimo bohle ba polanete ka likhokahano, ho tloha tsebeng ho ea tsebe le palo ho ea ho palo.

Hona joale lebelo la phetisetso ea data le fihla ho 352 Kbps ka Iridium, 'me qetellong ea selemo ba rerile ho e eketsa ho 704/352 Kbps (kamohelo le phetisetso). Empa boleng ba 'nete, ehlile, bo tlase. Ha ho buisanoa ka lentsoe, boleng ba molumo ha bo botle haholo, ho khopama hoa hlokomeleha.

Iridium e tšehetsa puisano e tobileng pakeng tsa lisathelaete, kahoo tsamaiso e ka khona ho fana ka liteishene tse ngata tsa liheke linaheng tse fapaneng ho fetisetsa data ho Internet le marang-rang a thelefono, ho fapana le GlobalStar, 'me ho e-na le hoo e romele sephethephethe sohle ka marang-rang a sathelaete ho ea seteisheneng se seholo sa heke se teng. naheng ea USA. Leha ho le joalo, mohlomong molemong oa puisano e tšepahalang, liteishene tsa liheke li ntse li hahuoa, le hoja li se ngata hakaalo.

Lithelefono tsa Iridium ke tse ling tsa theko e boima ka ho fetisisa 'marakeng, le hoja li khetholloa ka lisebelisoa tse ruileng le bokhoni. Ka bobeli li-modem tsa cellular le lisebelisoa tsa cellular bakeng sa puisano ea mongolo (tse theko e tlase haholo ho feta puisano ea lentsoe) lia fumaneha. Ho fetisetsa data ka Iridium, ho phaella ho fono ka boeona, o hloka k'homphieutha eo software ea Iridium Data Kit e kenngoa ho eona. Litšebeletso tsa puisano tse tsoang marang-rang ana a sathelaete li phahame ho feta tsa bahlolisani. Ka mohlala, voucher ea selemo ea metsotso e 250 ka hare ho Russia Federation ke li-ruble tse 28, voucher ea likhoeli tse peli bakeng sa metsotso e 700 lefatšeng ka bophara ke li-ruble tse 150. Ka litefiso tsa postpaid, motsotso o le mong oa moqoqo o qala ho tloha ho li-ruble tse 17, SMS - li-ruble tse 400, + tefiso ea ho ngolisa ho tloha ho li-ruble tse 58 (ka tlase ho likhoeli tse tšeletseng) le ho tloha ho li-ruble tse 22. (ho feta likhoeli tse tšeletseng). Ho feta moo, k'hamphani ha e e-s'o kene litumellanong tsa ho solla le mang kapa mang, kahoo likarete tsa SIM tse tsoang ho basebetsi ba GSM li ke ke tsa sebelisoa ho lisebelisoa tsa Iridium, feela "letsoalloa".

GlobalStar

Li-satellite tsa GlobalStar li fofa sebakeng se bophahamo ba 1400 km mme li na le tšekamelo ea orbital ea 52o. Li-satellite ha li fapanyetsane data, kahoo tsamaiso e boetse e kenyelletsa marang-rang a liteishene tsa liheke, e leng sehokelo pakeng tsa li-satellite tsa relay, Inthanete le marang-rang a thelefono.

Li-satellite tsa Iridium li bonts'oa ka bofubelu, li-satellite tsa GlobalStar ka boputsoa:

Phatlalatso ea puisano ea GlobalStar e itekanetse haholoanyane - ho fihlela ho 70o ka leboea le ka boroa latitudes, ke hore, libaka tsa circumpolar ha li koaheloe ke marang-rang ana. Leha ho le joalo, ho ea ka litlhahlobo, tšireletso libakeng tse ling e ka ba e sa tsitsang. Le hoja sathelaete e shebane le pono e tobileng, joale u ke ke ua ba le mathata ka puisano. Lebelo la ho fetisa data la GlobalStar le tlase ho feta la Iridium, empa boleng ba molumo bakeng sa puisano ea lentsoe bo bapisoa le moqoqo ka selefouno.

Ha e le hantle, marang-rang a tšehetsa litekanyetso tsa CDMA le GSM, empa ka ts'ebetso, ha se liteishene tsohle tsa liheke tse sebetsang le GSM, leha sena se sa sebetse naheng ea rona. Linaheng tse ngata, o ka kenya likarete tsa "kamehla" tsa "carrier" tsa SIM mehalang e lumellanang le GlobalStar. Lisebelisoa tsa GlobalStar li theko e tlase haholo ho feta tsa Iridium. Ho rekisoa ho na le lifono tsa maemo a fapaneng a tsoelo-pele, sesebelisoa sa puisano ea mongolo ka keyboard ea mochini, li-hotspots, li-tracker bakeng sa ho kenya likoloi kapa liaparo tsa motho, le tse ling tse ngata. Ha ho na tefo ea ho ngolisa, 'me litšebeletso tsa puisano li bitsa chelete e ka tlaase ho Iridium: mohlala, sephutheloana sa mehala ka hare ho Federation ea Russia bakeng sa likhoeli tse tšeletseng le metsotso e 250 - li-ruble tse 9, ka litefiso tsa postpaid motsotso o qala ho tloha ho li-ruble tse 800, SMS - li-ruble tse 44, Ho kena Inthaneteng - ho tloha ho 4 rub.

"Messenger"

Li-satellites tsa tsamaiso ena li pota-potile polanete ka bophahamo ba lik'hilomithara tse 1500 ka litsela tse nang le tšekamelo ea 82,5o. Ka lebaka leo, ho koaheloa ha bokaholimo ba Lefatše ho phethehile, empa eseng ka nako e le 'ngoe.

Sebakeng sa Russia, ho hahiloe liteishene tse 3 tsa liheke ('me e le' ngoe e reriloe), e hokahanyang sehlopha sa linaleli sa satellite le Marang-rang.

Hoa makatsa hore ebe Gonets ha e qothisane lehlokoa le litsamaiso tse ling lefapheng la puisano ea lentsoe. Ho e-na le hoo, morero oa Serussia o sebetsa ka ho khetheha ho romela melaetsa ea selefouno. Ho etsa sena, o hloka ho reka sesebelisoa sa ba ngolisitseng le antenna, ebe o hokela smartphone, laptop kapa komporo ea komporo ho bona. Ka bokhutšoanyane, toro ea introvert ke hore puisano eohle e teng moqoqong feela mme ha ho mehala e sa lebelloang.

Gonets e boetse e fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa puisano tsa M2M bakeng sa ho beha leihlo maemo le ho nka telemetry ea lintho tse fapaneng, tse emeng le tse tsamaeang.

Le lits'ebeletso tse ling tse joalo ka ho fetisetsa li-geocoordinates le ho romella litlhokomeliso.

Litšebeletso tsa puisano marang-rang li lefshoa motheong oa tefiso ea ho ngolisa - ha e le hantle tsena ke liphutheloana tsa khoeli le khoeli tsa li-kilobytes tsa sephethephethe. Ka mohlala, ka tefiso ea ho ngolisa ea zero ba lefella li-ruble tse 26. bakeng sa kilobyte e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea data e fetisitsoeng, 'me ho na le liphutheloana tse ngata ho tloha ho li-ruble tse 470. (30 KB) ho fihlela ho 8 rub. (650 KB). Le li-ruble tse 2 bakeng sa molaetsa o mong le o mong o tsoang ho marang-rang a cellular a Russia. Kilobyte e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e fetang moeli e lefshoa ka thoko, ho tloha ho li-ruble tse 000 ho isa ho tse 10.

Re lokela ho khetha eng?

Litakatso tsa rona ke tse latelang: ho hlomella seva sa "sky-high" se nang le tracker bakeng sa sebaka sa ho latela, le mojule oa ho fapanyetsana data ka sathelaete. Ka khopolo, marang-rang a mararo a ka fana ka likarolo tsena. Re se re rekile modem tsa Iridium le GlobalStar, 'me sesebelisoa se tsoang ho Messenger se tseleng e eang ho rona. Ka sebele re tla u bolella haholoanyane ka tsamaiso ea rōna ea puisano ho e ’ngoe ea lingoliloeng tsa rōna tse tlang.