Joalo ka ha babali ba rona ba tseba, Qrator.Radar e lekola khokahanyo ea lefats'e ea protocol ea BGP, hammoho le khokahanyo ea libaka. Kaha "Internet" e khutšoanyane bakeng sa "marang-rang a hokahaneng," tsela e molemo ka ho fetisisa ea ho netefatsa boleng bo phahameng le lebelo la ts'ebetso ea eona ke ka khokahanyo e ruileng le e fapaneng ea marang-rang a motho ka mong, eo tsoelo-pele ea eona e susumetsoang haholo-holo ke tlhōlisano.
Ho tiea ha khokahanyo ea Marang-rang sebakeng sefe kapa sefe kapa naheng e itseng ho amana le palo ea litsela tse ling lipakeng tsa litsamaiso tse ikemetseng - AS. Leha ho le joalo, joalo ka ha re se re ngotse khafetsa ho botsitso ba naha ea likarolo tsa marang-rang a lefats'e, litsela tse ling li ba bohlokoa ho feta ha li bapisoa le tse ling (mohlala, litsela tse eang ho bafani ba lipalangoang ba Tier-1 kapa li-AS tse amohelang li-server tsa DNS tse nang le matla) - sena se bolela hore boteng ba litsela tse ling tse ngata kamoo ho ka khonehang Qetellong, ena ke eona feela tsela e sebetsang ea ho netefatsa ts'epo ea sistimi (ka kutloisiso ea AS).
Lekhetlong lena, re tla shebisisa sebopeho sa karolo ea Marang-rang ea Russia Federation. Ho na le mabaka a ho beha leihlo karolong ena: ho latela lintlha tse fanoeng ke database ea mongolisi oa RIPE, 6183 AS ho tsoa ho 88664 e ngolisitsoeng lefatšeng ka bophara ke ea Russia Federation, e leng 6,87%.
Peresente ena e beha Russia sebakeng sa bobeli lefatšeng bakeng sa letšoao lena, hang ka mor'a United States (30,08% ea AS e ngolisitsoeng) le pele ho Brazil, e nang le 6,34% ea litsamaiso tsohle tse ikemetseng. Liphello tse hlahisoang ke liphetoho tsa khokahanyo ea Serussia , e itšetlehileng ka kapa e haufi le khokahanyo e fanoeng 'me, qetellong, boemong ba hoo e batlang e le mofani ofe kapa ofe oa Inthanete.
tjhebokakaretso
Setšoantšo sa 1. Kabo ea litsamaiso tse ikemetseng lipakeng tsa linaha tse IPv4 le IPv6, linaha tse 20 tse holimo
Ho IPv4, 33933 ho li-prefixes tsa marang-rang tse 774859 lefatšeng ka bophara li phatlalatsoa ke bafani ba Marang-rang ba tsoang Russia Federation, e emelang 4,38% mme e beha karolo ea Marang-rang ea Russia sebakeng sa bohlano boemong bona. Li-prefixes tsena, tse phatlalalitsoeng ka ho khetheha ho tsoa karolong ea RU, li koahela 4,3*10^7 liaterese tse ikhethang tsa IP ho tsoa ho 2,9*10^9 tse phatlalalitsoeng lefatšeng ka bophara—1,51%, sebaka sa 11.
Setšoantšo sa 2. Kabo ea li-prefixes tsa marang-rang pakeng tsa linaha tse IPv4, linaha tse 20 tse holimo
Ka hare ho IPv6, 1831 ho tsoa ho 65532 lihlongoana tse bonahalang lefatšeng ka bophara li phatlalatsoa ke ISPs ho tsoa Russia Federation, e emelang 2,79% le sebaka sa 7. Li-prefixes tsena li akaretsa 1.3*10^32 liaterese tse ikhethang tsa IPv6 ho tse 1,5*10^34 tse phatlalalitsoeng lefatšeng ka bophara—0,84% le sebaka sa 18.
Setšoantšo sa 3. Kabo ea li-prefixes tsa marang-rang pakeng tsa linaha tse IPv6, linaha tse 20 tse holimo
Boholo ba tloaelo
E 'ngoe ea mekhoa e mengata ea ho lekola khokahanyo le ts'epahalo ea Marang-rang naheng e itseng ke ho beha maemo a litsamaiso tse ikemetseng tsa sebaka se itseng ka palo ea li-prefixes tse phatlalalitsoeng. Leha ho le joalo, mokhoa ona o kotsing ea ho senyeha ha litsela, tseo butle-butle li leka-lekaneng ka ho sefa li-prefixes tse fokolang ka ho fetisisa lisebelisoa tsa bafani ba Inthanete, haholo-holo ka lebaka la kholo e sa khaotseng le e ke keng ea qojoa ea litafole tsa routing tse bolokang mohopolo.
Top 20 IPv4
Top 20 IPv6
ASN
AS Lebitso
Nomoro ya dihlongwapele
ASN
AS Lebitso
Nomoro ya dihlongwapele
2279
56
1283
51
1197
30
930
26
521
20
44050
PIN-AS
366
42385
RIPN-RU
20
197695
AS-REGRU
315
51604
EKAT-AS
19
12772
ENFORTA-AS
291
51819
YAR-AS
19
41704
OGS-AS
235
50543
SARATOV-AS
18
57129
RU-SERVERSGET-KRSK
225
52207
TULA-AS
18
31133
MF-MGSM-AS
216
206066
TELEMELA-KASE
18
49505
KHETHA
213
57026
CHEB-AS
18
12714
TI-AS
195
49037
MGL-AS
17
15774
TTK-RTL
193
41682
ERTH-TMN-AS
17
12418
QUANTUM
191
21191
ASN-SEVERTTK
16
50340
SELECTEL-MSK
188
41843
ERTH-OMSK-AS
15
28840
TATTELECOM-AS
184
42682
ERTH-NNOV-AS
15
50113
SuperServersDatacenter
181
50498
LIPETSK-AS
15
31163
MF-KAVKAZ-AS
176
50542
VORONEZH-AS
15
21127
ZSTKAS
162
51645
IRKUTSK-AS
15
Lethathamo la 1. AS boholo ka palo ea li-prefixes tse phatlalalitsoeng
Re sebelisa boholo bo akaretsang ba sebaka sa aterese se phatlalalitsoeng e le tekanyo e tšepahalang haholoanyane bakeng sa ho bapisa boholo ba litsamaiso tse ikemetseng, e leng se etsang qeto ea bokhoni ba tsona le meeli eo li ka e lekanyang. Tekanyo ena ha e lule e le ea bohlokoa ho IPv6 ka lebaka la maano a hajoale a kabo ea liaterese tsa IPv6. RIPE NCC le ho se sebetse hantle ho kentsweng tsamaisong.
Butle-butle, boemo bona bo tla lekanngoa ke kholo ea tšebeliso ea IPv6 karolong ea Russia ea Inthanete le nts'etsopele ea mekhoa ea ho sebetsa le protocol ea IPv6.
Top 20 IPv4
Top 20 IPv6
ASN
AS Lebitso
Nomoro ea liaterese tsa IP
ASN
AS Lebitso
Nomoro ea liaterese tsa IP
8994816
2.76 * 10 ^ 30
2228864
2.06 * 10 ^ 30
1206272
1.43 * 10 ^ 30
1162752
1.35 * 10 ^ 30
872608
1.27 * 10 ^ 30
31200
moqapi
566272
34241
NCT-AS
1.27 * 10 ^ 30
42610
NCNET-AS
523264
202984
moamoheli oa sehlopha
1.27 * 10 ^ 30
25513
ASN-MGTS-USPD
414464
12695
DINET-AS
9.51 * 10 ^ 29
39927
Elight-AS
351744
206766
INETTECH1-AS
8.72 * 10 ^ 29
20485
TRANSTELECOM
350720
20485
TRANSTELECOM
7.92 * 10 ^ 29
8342
RTCOMM-AS
350464
12722
PUSELETSENG
7.92 * 10 ^ 29
28840
TATTELECOM-AS
336896
47764
mailru-as
7.92 * 10 ^ 29
8369
INTERSVYAZ-AS
326912
44050
PIN-AS
7.13 * 10 ^ 29
28812
JSCBIS-AS
319488
45027
INETTECH-AS
7.13 * 10 ^ 29
12332
PRIMORYE-AS
303104
3267
RUNNET
7.13 * 10 ^ 29
20632
PETERSTAR-AS
284416
34580
UNITLINE_MSK_NET1
7.13 * 10 ^ 29
8615
CNT-AS
278528
25341
LINIYA-AS
7.13 * 10 ^ 29
35807
SkyNet-SPB-AS
275968
60252
OST-LLC-AS
7.13 * 10 ^ 29
3267
RUNNET
272640
28884
MOHLOMI-SIB-MTSAS
6.73 * 10 ^ 29
41733
ZTELECOM-AS
266240
42244
ESERVER
6.44 * 10 ^ 29
Letlapa la 2. AS boholo ka palo ea liaterese tsa IP tse phatlalalitsoeng
Bobeli metrics—palo ea lihlongoana tse bapalitsoeng le boholo bo akaretsang ba sebaka sa aterese—li ka sebelisoa. Le hoja re ne re sa bone boitšoaro bo joalo ho tsoa ho li-AS tse boletsoeng nakong ea thuto.
Khokahano
Ho na le mefuta e 3 ea mantlha ea likamano lipakeng tsa litsamaiso tse ikemetseng:
• Moreki: o lefa AS e 'ngoe bakeng sa sephethephethe;
• Molekane: AS e fapanyetsana sephethephethe sa eona le sa bareki mahala;
• Mofani: o fumana litefo bakeng sa lipalangoang ho tsoa ho li-AS tse ling.
Ka tloaelo, mefuta ena ea likamano e tšoana le bafani leha e le bafe ba babeli ba Inthanete, e leng se tiisitsoeng sebakeng sa Russia Federation seo re se nahanang. Leha ho le joalo, ka linako tse ling hoa etsahala hore li-ISP tse peli li na le mefuta e fapaneng ea likamano libakeng tse fapaneng, mohlala ho arolelana mahala Europe empa ho ba le kamano ea khoebo Asia.
Top 20 IPv4
Top 20 IPv6
ASN
AS Lebitso
Palo ea bareki sebakeng seo
ASN
AS Lebitso
Palo ea bareki sebakeng seo
818
94
667
82
589
77
467
72
313
70
20764
RASCOM-AS
223
9049
ERTH-TRANSIT-AS
58
9049
ERTH-TRANSIT-AS
220
8359
MTS
51
8732
COMCOR-AS
170
29076
CITYTELECOM-AS
40
2854
ROSPRINT-AS
152
31500
GLOBALNET-AS
32
29076
CITYTELECOM-AS
143
3267
RUNNET
26
29226
MASTERTEL-AS
143
25478
IHOME-JOALOKA
22
28917
Fiord-AS
96
28917
Fiord-AS
21
25159
SONICDUO-AS
94
199599
CIREX
17
3267
RUNNET
93
29226
MASTERTEL-AS
13
31500
GLOBALNET-AS
87
8732
COMCOR-AS
12
13094
SFO-IX-AS
80
35000
PROMETEY
12
31261
GARS-AS
80
49063
DTLN
11
25478
IHOME-JOALOKA
78
42861
FOTONTELECOM
10
12695
DINET-AS
76
56534
PIRIX-INET-AS
9
8641
NAUKANET-AS
73
48858
Milecom-joalo ka
8
Letlapa la 3. Khokahano ea AS ka palo ea bareki
Palo ea bareki ba AS e fanoeng e bonts'a karolo ea eona e le mofani oa litšebeletso tsa khokahanyo ea Marang-rang ho bareki ba khoebo.
Top 20 IPv4
Top 20 IPv6
ASN
AS Lebitso
Palo ea balekane ba thaka sebakeng seo
ASN
AS Lebitso
Palo ea balekane ba thaka sebakeng seo
638
266
579
201
498
189
497
177
474
176
41268
LANTA-AS
432
3267
RUNNET
86
15672
TZTELECOM
430
31133
MF-MGSM-AS
78
39442
UNICO-AS
424
60764
TK-Telecom
74
39087
PAKT-AS
422
12389
ROSTELECOM-AS
52
199805
UGO-AS
418
42861
FOTONTELECOM
32
200487
LIEKETSENG FASTVPS
417
8359
MTS
28
41691
SUMTEL-AS-BUITSENG
399
20764
RASCOM-AS
26
13094
SFO-IX-AS
388
20485
TRANSTELECOM
17
60357
MEGAGROUP-AS
368
28917
Fiord-AS
16
41617
TILENG-IFC
347
31500
GLOBALNET-AS
14
51674
Mehanika-AS
345
60388
TRANSNEFT-TELECOM-AS
14
49675
SKBKONTUR-AS
343
42385
RIPN-RU
13
35539
INFOLINK-T-AS
310
3216
SOVAM-AS
12
42861
FOTONTELECOM
303
49063
DTLN
12
25227
ASN-AVANTEL-MSK
301
44843
OBTEL-AS
11
Letlapa la 4. Khokahano ea AS ka palo ea balekane ba thaka
Palo e kholo ea balekane ba lithaka e ka ntlafatsa haholo khokahanyo ea sebaka sohle. Internet Exchanges (IX) e bohlokoa, le hoja e sa hlokehe, mona - li-ISP tse kholo ka ho fetisisa hangata ha li kenye letsoho lipuisanong tsa libaka (ka mekhelo e seng mekae e hlokomelehang, e kang NIXI) ka lebaka la mofuta oa khoebo ea bona.
Bakeng sa mofani oa dikahare, palo ea balekane ba lithaka e ka sebetsa ka tsela e sa tobang e le sesupo sa bongata ba sephethephethe se hlahisoang - khothatso ea ho fapanyetsana palo e kholo ea mahala ke ntho e susumetsang (e lekaneng bakeng sa bafani ba bangata ba marang-rang ba lehae) ho bona mofani oa litaba. joalo ka mokhethoa ea tšoanelehang bakeng sa balekane ba lithaka. Hape ho na le linyeoe tse fapaneng ha bafani ba litaba ba sa tšehetse leano la palo e kholo ea likhokahano tsa libaka, e leng se etsang hore letšoao lena le se ke la nepahala haholo bakeng sa ho lekanya boholo ba bafani ba litaba, ke hore, boholo ba sephethephethe seo ba se hlahisang.
Top 20 IPv4
Top 20 IPv6
ASN
AS Lebitso
Boholo ba khoune ea bareki
ASN
AS Lebitso
Boholo ba khoune ea bareki
3083
335
2973
219
2587
205
2463
183
2318
166
8359
MTS
2293
3216
SOVAM-AS
143
20764
RASCOM-AS
2251
8359
MTS
143
9049
ERTH-TRANSIT-AS
1407
3267
RUNNET
88
29076
CITYTELECOM-AS
860
29076
CITYTELECOM-AS
84
28917
Fiord-AS
683
28917
Fiord-AS
70
3267
RUNNET
664
9049
ERTH-TRANSIT-AS
65
25478
IHOME-JOALOKA
616
31500
GLOBALNET-AS
54
43727
KVANT-TELECOM
476
25478
IHOME-JOALOKA
33
31500
GLOBALNET-AS
459
199599
CIREX
24
57724
DDOS MOLEBELI
349
43727
KVANT-TELECOM
20
13094
SFO-IX-AS
294
39134
UNITEDNET
20
199599
CIREX
290
15835
Mapa
15
29226
MASTERTEL-AS
227
29226
MASTERTEL-AS
14
201706
TŠEBELETSO PEPI
208
35000
PROMETEY
14
8641
NAUKANET-AS
169
49063
DTLN
13
Lethathamo la 5. Khokahano ea AS ka boholo ba khoune ea bareki
Khoune ea bareki ke sehlopha sa li-AS tsohle tse itšetlehileng ka kotloloho kapa ka mokhoa o sa tobang ho sistimi e ikemetseng eo ho buuoang ka eona. Ho ea ka pono ea moruo, e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea AS ka har'a khoune ea bareki ke, ka ho toba kapa ka tsela e sa tobang, moreki ea lefang. Boemong bo phahameng, palo ea li-AS ka har'a khoune ea bareki, hammoho le palo ea bareki ba tobileng, ke pontšo ea bohlokoa ea khokahanyo.
Qetellong, re u lokiselitse tafole e 'ngoe e shebileng khokahanyo ho mantlha ea RuNet. Ka ho utloisisa sebopeho sa motheo oa khokahanyo ea libaka, ho ipapisitsoe le palo ea bareki ba tobileng le boholo ba khoune ea bareki bakeng sa AS ka 'ngoe sebakeng seo, re ka bala hore na ba hole hakae le li-ISP tse kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa backhaul tsa sebaka seo. Ha palo e le tlase, khokahanyo e phahame. "1" e bolela hore litsela tsohle tse bonahalang li na le khokahanyo e tobileng bohareng ba sebaka.
IPv4 holimo 20
IPv6 holimo 20
ASN
AS Lebitso
Lintlha tsa khokahanyo
ASN
AS Lebitso
Lintlha tsa khokahanyo
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.07
1.05
13238
YANDEX
1.1
8470
MAcomnet
1.17
3216
SOVAM-AS
1.11
12389
ROSTELECOM-AS
1.19
48061
GPM-TECH-AS
1.11
41722
MIRAN-AS
1.2
31133
MF-MGSM-AS
1.11
8359
MTS
1.22
8359
MTS
1.12
60879
MATS'ELISO-JOALOKA
1.25
41268
LANTA-AS
1.13
41268
LANTA-AS
1.25
9049
ERTH-TRANSIT-AS
1.16
44020
CLN-AS
1.25
20485
TRANSTELECOM
1.18
29226
MASTERTEL-AS
1.25
29076
CITYTELECOM-AS
1.18
44943
RAMNET-AS
1.25
12389
ROSTELECOM-AS
1.23
12714
TI-AS
1.25
57629
IVI-RU
1.25
47764
mailru-as
1.25
48297
DOORHANE
1.25
44267
IESV
1.25
42632
MNOGOBYTE-AS
1.25
203730
SVIAZINVESTREGION
1.25
44020
CLN-AS
1.25
3216
SOVAM-AS
1.25
12668
MOHLOLO-KAS
1.25
24739
KHOLUMELI-TEKELE
1.29
Letlapa la 6. Khokahano ea AS ka bohole ho ea bohareng ba khokahanyo ea libaka
Ke eng e ka etsoang ho ntlafatsa khokahanyo ka kakaretso 'me, ka lebaka leo, botsitso, botšepehi le ts'ireletso ea naha leha e le efe, Russia Federation ka ho khetheha? Mehato e seng mekae ke ena:
- Ho fokotsa lekhetho le melemo e meng bakeng sa basebelisi ba lehae ba libaka tsa phapanyetsano ea sephethephethe, hammoho le phihlello ea mahala ho tsona;
- Tokoloho ea mahala kapa e theko e tlase ea mobu bakeng sa ho beha likhoele tsa puisano tsa fiber-optic;
- Ho tsamaisa lithupelo le lithuto bakeng sa basebetsi ba botekgeniki libakeng tse hole, ho kenyeletsoa lithupelo le mekhoa e meng ea koetliso mabapi le mekhoa e metle ea ho sebetsa le BGP. RIPE NCC o hlophisa tse ling tsa tsona, .
Lintlha tse fanoeng ka holimo ke karolo ea lipatlisiso tse entsoeng ke Qrator Labs karolong ea bobeli e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea Inthanete ea Russia Federation (eo hape e tsejoang e le "Runet"), e thehiloeng boitsebisong bo bulehileng bo bokeletsoeng le ho sebetsoa ka hare ho morero. . Tlhahiso ea boithuto bo felletseng e phatlalatsoa e le workshop ka har'a moralo oa ka Phupu. Kopo ea lintlha tse tšoanang bakeng sa likarolo tsa linaha le libaka tse ling e ka romelloa atereseng ea lengolo-tsoibila .
Source: www.habr.com
