Iqela labaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eSan Diego, liye laqulunqa indlela yokuchonga izixhobo eziphathwayo zisebenzisa iibhanoni ezithunyelwa emoyeni usebenzisa iBluetooth Low Energy (BLE) kwaye isetyenziswe ngabamkeli beBluetooth abangabonakaliyo ukufumana izixhobo ezintsha ngaphakathi koluhlu.
Ngokuxhomekeke ekuphunyezweni, iimpawu ze-beacon zithunyelwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo malunga namaxesha angama-500 ngomzuzu kwaye, njengoko zicatshangelwe ngabadali bomgangatho, azinabuntu ngokupheleleyo kwaye azinakusetyenziselwa ukubopha kumsebenzisi. Enyanisweni, imeko yajika yahluke kwaye xa ithunyelwe, isibonakaliso siphazamiseka phantsi kweempembelelo zeempawu ezivela ngexesha lokuveliswa kwe-chip nganye. Ezi ziphazamiso, ezikhethekileyo kunye neziqhubekayo kwisixhobo ngasinye, zinokubonwa kusetyenziswa ii-transceivers ezicwangcisiweyo eziqhelekileyo (SDR, Software Defined Radio).
Ingxaki izibonakalisa kwiichips ezidibeneyo ezidibanisa i-Wi-Fi kunye nokusebenza kweBluetooth, sebenzisa i-oscillator yenkosi eqhelekileyo kunye namacandelo amaninzi asebenzayo ahambelanayo, iimpawu ezikhokelela kwi-asymmetry kwisigaba kunye ne-amplitude. Ixabiso lilonke lezixhobo zokuqhuba olu hlaselo liqikelelwa malunga needola ezingama-200. Imizekelo yekhowudi yokukhupha iilebhile ezizodwa kwisignali ebanjiweyo zipapashwa kwi-GitHub.
Ngokwenza, into echongiweyo ivumela isixhobo ukuba sichongwe, kungakhathaliseki ukusetyenziswa kwamanyathelo okukhusela okuchongwa njengedilesi ye-MAC. Kwi-iPhone, uluhlu lolwamkelo lwethegi olwanele ukuchongwa lwaluziimitha ezisi-7, kunye ne-COVID-19 yokulandela umkhondo wesicelo esisebenzayo. Kwizixhobo ze-Android, ukuchonga kufuna ukuba kufutshane.
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwendlela yokusebenza, iimvavanyo ezininzi zenziwa kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke ezinjengeekhefi. Ngethuba lovavanyo lokuqala, izixhobo ze-162 zahlaziywa, apho izichasi ezikhethekileyo zenzelwe i-40%. Kuvavanyo lwesibini, izixhobo eziphathwayo ezingama-647 zaphononongwa, kwaye izichongi ezizodwa zenzelwe i-47% yazo. Ekugqibeleni, ithuba lokusebenzisa izichazi eziveliswe ukulandelela ukuhamba kwezixhobo zamavolontiya avumile ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lwaboniswa.
Abaphandi baye baqaphela iingxaki ezininzi ezenza kube nzima ukuzichonga. Umzekelo, iiparamitha zophawu lwebhakhoni zichatshazelwa lutshintsho kwiqondo lobushushu, hayi umgama apho ithegi ifunyenwe khona uchatshazelwa lutshintsho kumandla esignali yeBluetooth esetyenziswa kwezinye izixhobo. Ukuthintela indlela yokuchonga echaphazelekayo, kucetywayo ukucoca isignali kwinqanaba le-firmware ye-chip yeBluetooth okanye ukusebenzisa iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokukhusela izixhobo. Ukukhubaza iBluetooth akusoloko kwanele, njengoko ezinye izixhobo (umzekelo, ii-smartphones ze-Apple) ziqhubeka nokuthumela iibhikhoni nokuba iBluetooth icinyiwe kwaye ifuna ukuvalwa ngokupheleleyo kwesixhobo ukuvimba ukuthumela.
umthombo: opennet.ru