Unyaka wonke, abantu baseRashiya baya rhoqo ngeeholide-iiholide zoNyaka oMtsha, iiholide zikaMeyi kunye nezinye iimpelaveki ezimfutshane. Kwaye eli lixesha lemveli le-serial marathons, ukuthenga okuzenzekelayo kunye nokuthengisa kwi-Steam. Ngexesha langaphambi kweholide, iinkampani ezithengisayo kunye nezothutho ziphantsi koxinzelelo olwandisiweyo: abantu ba-odola izipho kwiivenkile ze-intanethi, bahlawule ukuhanjiswa kwazo, bathenge amatikiti ohambo, kwaye banxibelelane. Iincopho zeKhalenda ezifunwayo zikwaluvavanyo olulungileyo loxinzelelo lwemiboniso bhanyabhanya ekwi-intanethi, iiphothali zokudlala, ukusingathwa kwevidiyo kunye neenkonzo zokusasaza umculo - zonke zisebenza kwimida yazo ngexesha leeholide.
Siza kukuxelela indlela yokuqinisekisa ukufumaneka okungaphazamisekiyo komxholo usebenzisa umzekelo we-cinema ye-intanethi ye-Okko, exhomekeke kumandla wedatha yedatha ye-Linxdatacenter.
Ngaphambili, ukuphendula ukunyuka kwamaxesha okusetyenziswa, izixhobo ezongezelelekileyo zathengwa ukuze zithunyelwe kwindawo, kunye "nendawo yokugcina." Nangona kunjalo, xa "iXesha H" lafika, kwakudla ngokuvela ukuba iinkampani zingenako okanye zingenalo ixesha lokuhlangabezana nokucwangciswa okuchanekileyo kweeseva kunye neenkqubo zokugcina ngokwabo. Akuzange kube lula ukusombulula ezi ngxaki njengoko iimeko zonxunguphalo zazivela. Emva kwexesha elithile, ukuqonda kwafika: iincopho zemfuno yomxholo kunye neenkonzo ze-intanethi ziphathwa ngokugqibeleleyo ngoncedo lwemithombo yesithathu, enokuthengwa ngokusebenzisa imodeli yokuhlawula-njengoko-uhamba-intlawulo yomthamo wangempela osetyenzisiweyo.
Namhlanje, phantse zonke iinkampani ezibona kwangaphambili ukwanda kwemfuno yemithombo yazo ngexesha leeholide (ekuthiwa kugqabhuke) ziyalela kwangaphambili ukwandiswa kwamandla ejelo lonxibelelwano. Ezo nkampani ezihambisa izicelo kunye nogcino lwedatha kwimithombo yeziko ledatha yonyusa amandla ekhompyuter kumafu ngexesha leencopho zeeholide, ukongezelela ukuyalela oomatshini abayimfuneko, amandla okugcina, njl njl kumaziko edatha.
Ungaphoswa njani na amanqaku kwizibalo
Ukulungiselela imithwalo ephezulu, umsebenzi olungelelanisiweyo phakathi komnikezeli kunye nomxhasi ubalulekile. Amanqaku aphambili kulo msebenzi abandakanya ukubikezelwa okuchanekileyo kokunyuka komthwalo ngokwexesha kunye nomthamo, ukucwangciswa ngokucophelela kunye nomgangatho wokusebenzisana noogxa ngaphakathi kwiziko ledatha, kunye neqela leengcali ze-IT kwicala lomnikezeli womxholo.
Inani lezisombululo linceda ekulungiseleleni ulwabiwo olukhawulezayo lwezixhobo eziyimfuneko ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba isiqendu esitsha sothotho lweTV owuthandayo alukhenkceziswe kwiscreen sethebhulethi yakho.
- Okokuqala, ezi zilinganisi zomthwalo womsebenzi: ezi zizisombululo zesoftware ezibeka iliso ngononophelo inqanaba lomthwalo weeseva, iinkqubo zokugcina kunye nothungelwano, kukuvumela ukuba ulungiselele ukusebenza kwenkqubo nganye yomsebenzi okhoyo. Abalinganisi bavavanya inqanaba lokufumaneka kwezixhobo zombini kunye noomatshini ababonakalayo, ukuthintela ukusebenza kwenkqubo ekunikeleni kwelinye icala, kunye nokuthintela iziseko zophuhliso "ezigqithisa kakhulu" kunye nokunciphisa, kwelinye. Ngale ndlela, umgangatho othile wemithombo yogcino iyagcinwa, enokuthi idluliselwe ngokukhawuleza ukucombulula iingxaki ezingxamisekileyo (ukutsiba okubukhali kwizicelo kwi-portal enomxholo wevidiyo, ukwanda kwemiyalelo yemveliso ethile, njl. njl.).
- Okwesibini, iCDN. Le teknoloji ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bafumane umxholo kwi-portal ngaphandle kokulibaziseka ngokufikelela kuyo ukusuka kwindawo yejografi ekufutshane nomsebenzisi. Ukongeza, i-CDN iphelisa impembelelo eyingozi kwiinkqubo zokuhanjiswa kwezithuthi ezibangelwa kukuxinana kwesiteshi, ukuqhawuka koqhagamshelo, ukulahleka kwepakethi kwiindibano zesiteshi, njl.
Obona konke u-Okko
Makhe sijonge umzekelo we-cinema ye-intanethi ye-Okko elungiselela iiholide, usebenzisa iindawo zethu eMoscow naseSt.
Ngokutsho kuka-Alexey Golubev, umlawuli wezobugcisa we-Okko, kwinkampani, ngaphezu kweeholide zekhalenda (ixesha eliphezulu), kukho amaxesha apho ukukhutshwa kwefilimu enkulu evela kwii-majors ezinkulu:
“Rhoqo ngonyaka ngexesha leholide, umthamo wezithuthi zika-Okko uphantse uphindaphindeka xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ixesha lokugqibela loNyaka omtsha ubuninzi bezinga eliphezulu laliyi-80 Gbit / s, ngoko ngo-2018/19 sasilindele i-160 - ukunyuka kabini kwendabuko. Nangona kunjalo, sifumene ngaphezulu kwama-200 Gbit/s!”
U-Okko uhlala elungiselela umthwalo ophakamileyo kancinane, unyaka wonke, njengenxalenye yeprojekthi ebizwa ngokuba "nguNyaka oMtsha". Ngaphambili, u-Okko wayesebenzisa iziseko zayo zenkampani; Ebudeni bonyaka, iingcali zobugcisa ze-Okko ngokuthe ngcembe zathenga iiseva ezitsha kwaye zandisa i-throughput yeqela labo, zilindele ukuphinda-phinda ukukhula konyaka. Ukongezelela, ii-uplinks ezintsha kunye nabaqhubi baxhunyiwe - ngaphezu kwabadlali abakhulu abafana neRostelecom, iMegafon kunye ne-MTS, iindawo zokutshintshiselana kwezithuthi kunye nabaqhubi abancinci nabo baxhunyiwe. Le ndlela yokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunikezela ngenkonzo kwelona nani liphezulu labaxumi abasebenzisa eyona ndlela imfutshane.
Kunyaka ophelileyo, emva kokuhlalutya iindleko zezixhobo, iindleko zabasebenzi zokwandiswa kunye nokuthelekisa kunye neendleko zokusebenzisa i-CDN yesithathu, u-Okko waqaphela ukuba kwakuyixesha lokuzama imodeli yokusabalalisa i-hybrid. Ukulandela ukukhula okuphindwe kabini ngexesha leeholide zoNyaka oMtsha, kukho ukuhla kwezithuthi, kwaye ngoFebruwari lelona xesha liphantsi. Kwaye kuvela ukuba izixhobo zakho azisebenzi ngeli xesha. Ehlotyeni, ukuhla kuyancipha, kwaye ngexesha lekwindla ukunyuka okutsha kuqala. Ngoko ke, ekulungiseleleni i-2019 entsha, u-Okko wathatha indlela eyahlukileyo: baguqule isofthiwe yabo ukuze bakwazi ukusasaza umthwalo kungekhona kubo kuphela, kodwa nakwii-CDN zangaphandle (iNethiwekhi yokuThunyelwa koMxholo). IiCDN ezimbini ezinjalo zadityaniswa, apho itrafikhi engaphezulu "yadityaniswa". I-bandwidth yangaphakathi ye-IT ye-IT ye-Okko yayilungele ukumelana nokukhula okufanayo okuphindwe kabini, kodwa xa kukho ukugqithiswa kwezibonelelo, ii-CDN zeqabane zalungiswa.
"Isigqibo sokungayandisi i-CDN yayo sisindise u-Okko malunga ne-20% yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwi-CAPEX. Kwaye, inkampani isindise iinyanga ezininzi zamadoda ngokutshintsha umsebenzi wokuseta izixhobo emagxeni eqabane. ” - Alexey Golubev izimvo.
Iqela lokusabalalisa (i-CDN yangaphakathi) e-Okko iphunyezwa kwiindawo ezimbini zeLinxdatacenter eMoscow naseSt. Isibuko esipheleleyo somxholo kunye ne-caching yayo (iendawo zokuhambisa) zinikezelwe. Ngako oko, isikhungo sedatha saseMoscow siqhuba iMoscow kunye nemimandla emininzi yaseRashiya, kunye neziko ledatha yaseSt. Petersburg liqhuba iNorth-West kunye nelizwe lonke. Ukulinganisa kwenzeka kungekhona kuphela kwisiseko sommandla, kodwa kuxhomekeke kumthwalo kwiinqununu kwiziko elithile ledatha;
Ulwakhiwo lwenkonzo eyandisiweyo lujongeka ngolu hlobo kumzobo:
Ngokwenyama, inkonzo kunye nenkxaso yophuhliso lwemveliso iqulethwe malunga neerakhi ezilishumi eSt. Petersburg kunye neerakhi ezininzi eMoscow. Kukho ishumi elinambini leeseva zokwenziwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kunye neeseva eziphantse zibe ngamakhulu amabini "zezixhobo" zayo yonke enye into - ukuhanjiswa, inkxaso yenkonzo kunye neziseko ezingundoqo zeofisi. Ukusebenzisana komnikezeli womxholo kunye neziko ledatha ngexesha lexesha lomthwalo ophezulu alifani nomsebenzi wangoku. Lonke unxibelelwano lukhawulelwe kwisicelo kwinkonzo yenkxaso, kwaye kwimeko yongxamiseko, ngokufowuna.
Namhlanje, sikufutshane kunangaphambili kwi-100% yenyani yokusetyenziswa komxholo ongaphazanyiswa kwi-intanethi, kuba zonke iitekhnoloji eziyimfuneko kule nto sele zikhona. Uphuhliso losasazo lwe-intanethi lwenzeka ngokukhawuleza. Ukuthandwa kweemodeli ezisemthethweni zokusetyenziswa komxholo kukhula: Abasebenzisi baseRashiya ngokuthe ngcembe baqala ukuqhelana nento yokuba kufuneka bahlawule umxholo. Ngaphezu koko, kungekuphela nje i-cinema, kodwa kunye nomculo, iincwadi kunye nezixhobo zokufunda kwi-Intanethi. Kwaye kulo mba, ukuhanjiswa komxholo ohlukeneyo kunye nokulibaziseka kwenethiwekhi ephantsi yeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kweenkonzo ze-intanethi. Kwaye umsebenzi wethu, njengomboneleli wenkonzo, kukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezibonelelo ngexesha kunye noovimba.
umthombo: www.habr.com