Iziphumo zevoti kwiinkqubo ze-Debian init ziye zashwankathelwa

Ipapashiwe iziphumo uvoto jikelele (GR, isisombululo esiqhelekileyo) sabaphuhlisi beprojekthi ye-Debian ababandakanyekayo ekugcinweni kwephakheji kunye nokugcinwa kweziseko ezingundoqo, eziqhutywe kumbandela wokuxhasa iinkqubo ezininzi ze-init. Into yesibini (“B”) kuluhlu oluphumeleleyo - i-systemd isakhethwa, kodwa ukuba nokwenzeka kokugcina ezinye iinkqubo zokuqalisa kusekho. Uvoto lwenziwa kusetyenziswa indlela Condorcet, apho umvoti ngamnye ubeka zonke iinketho ngokulandelelana kokukhethayo, kwaye xa ebala umphumo, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba bangaphi abavoti abakhetha enye inketho kwenye.

Isindululo esiphumeleleyo siyavuma ukuba iiyunithi zenkonzo yenkqubo yindlela ekhethwayo yokumisela iidaemon kunye neenkonzo eziqhutywayo, kodwa iyavuma ukuba kukho iimeko apho abaphuhlisi kunye nabasebenzisi banokudala kwaye basebenzise iinkqubo ezizezinye ze-init kunye neendlela ezisebenzayo kwizakhono ze-systemd. Abaphuhlisi bezisombululo ezizezinye bafuna izixhobo zokuqhuba umsebenzi wabo kunye nokufomatha iipakethe zabo. Izisombululo ezizezinye ezifana ne-elogind zokuqhuba izicelo ezibotshelelwe kwi-systemd-specific interfaces zihlala zibalulekile kwiprojekthi. Ukuxhasa amaphulo anjalo kufuna uncedo kwiindawo apho uphuhliso lobuchwephesha obunye budibana neprojekthi iphela, njengokulibaziseka kophononongo kunye neengxoxo.

Iipakethi zinokubandakanya zombini iifayile zeyunithi ye-systemd kunye nezikripthi ze-init zokuqalisa iinkonzo. Imipakethe ingasebenzisa naziphi na iimpawu zenkqubo enqwenelwa ngumlondolozi wepakethe, ukuba nje iifitsha zithobela imithetho yeDebian kwaye ayibotshelelwanga kwimifuniselo yeDebian engaxhaswanga kwezinye iipakethe. Ukongeza kwi-systemd, iipakethe zinokubandakanya inkxaso yezinye iisistim ze-init kwaye zibonelele ngamacandelo okutshintsha i-systemd-specific interfaces. Izigqibo malunga nokufakwa kweepatches zenziwa ngabagcini njengenxalenye yeenkqubo eziqhelekileyo. I-Debian izimisele ukusebenza kunye nonikezelo oluphuma kwi-derivative olukhetha ukusebenzisa ezinye iinkqubo ze-init, kodwa intsebenziswano yakhiwe kwinqanaba lomlondolozi, owenza izigqibo malunga nokuba zeziphi iimpawu ezilungiselelwe ngonikezelo lomntu wesithathu zamkelwe kuluhlu oluphambili lweDebian kwaye zeziphi ezishiywe. kwi-derivative distribution.

Masikhumbule ukuba kwi-2014 ikomiti yezobugcisa ivunyiwe inguqu unikezelo olungagqibekanga kwi-systemd, kodwa hayi ilungisiwe izigqibo malunga nenkxaso kwiinkqubo ezininzi zokubonelela (umbandela obonisa ukungavumi kwekomiti ukwenza isigqibo ngalo mba uphumelele ivoti). Inkokeli yekomiti yacebisa ukuba abagcini bephakheji bagcine inkxaso ye-sysvinit njengenye inkqubo ye-init, kodwa yabonisa ukuba ayinakunyanzelisa imbono yakhe kwaye isigqibo kufuneka senziwe ngokuzimeleyo kwimeko nganye.

Emva koku, abanye abaphuhlisi bazama ukuzama ukwenza Uvoto jikelele, kodwa uvoto lokuqala lubonise ukuba akukho mfuneko yokwenza isigqibo malunga nomba wokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo ezininzi zokuqalisa. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, emva iingxaki kunye nokufakwa kwephakheji ye-elogind (eyimfuneko ekusebenziseni i-GNOME ngaphandle kwe-systemd) kwisebe lokuvavanya ngenxa yokungqubuzana ne-libsystemd, umba waphinda waphakanyiswa yinkokeli yeprojekthi ye-Debian, ekubeni abaphuhlisi abazange bavumelane, kwaye unxibelelwano lwabo lwajika lwaba yi-debian. ukujongana nokufikelela kwisiphelo.

Ukhetho luqwalaselwe:

Olona gxininiso lukwi-systemd. Ukunika inkxaso kwezinye iisistim ze-init asinto iphambili, kodwa abagcini banokubandakanya ngokuzithandela iincwadi zeempendulo ze-init kwiisistim ezinjalo kwiipakethe.

i-systemd ihlala ikhethwa, kodwa ukubakho kokugcina ezinye iinkqubo zokuqalisa kushiywe. Ubuchwephesha obufana ne-elogind, evumela usetyenziso olubotshelelwe kwi-systemd ukuba luqhube kwezinye iimeko-bume, zibonwa njengezibalulekileyo. Ipakethe inokubandakanya iifayile ze-init zezinye iinkqubo.

Inkxaso yeendlela ezahlukeneyo ze init kunye nokubanakho ukuqala iDebian nge init systems ngaphandle kwe systemd.
Ukuqhuba iinkonzo, iipakethe mazibandakanye iincwadi zeempendulo ze-init kuphela ezinikezela ngeefayile zeyunithi ngaphandle kwe-sysv init scripts akwamkelekanga.

Inkxaso yeenkqubo ezingasebenzisi i-systemd, kodwa ngaphandle kokwenza utshintsho olunokuthi luthintele uphuhliso. Abaphuhlisi bayavuma ukuxhasa iinkqubo ezininzi ze-init kwixesha elizayo elibonakalayo, kodwa bakholelwa ukuba kuyimfuneko ukusebenza ekuphuculeni inkxaso yenkqubo. Uphuhliso kunye nokugcinwa kwezisombululo ezithile kufuneka ziyekwe kuluntu olunomdla kwezo zisombululo, kodwa abanye abalondolozi kufuneka bancedise ngokubonakalayo kwaye babe negalelo ekusombululeni iingxaki xa kukho imfuneko. Ngokunqwenelekayo, iipakethe kufuneka zisebenze kusetyenziswa nayiphi na inkqubo ye-init, enokuphunyezwa ngokunikezela ngemibhalo ye-init yesiko okanye kusetyenziswa ezinye iindlela ezibavumelayo ukuba basebenze ngaphandle kwe-systemd. Ukungakwazi ukusebenza ngaphandle kwe-systemd kuthathwa njengegciwane, kodwa ingeyiyo i-bug ethintela ukukhululwa, ngaphandle kokuba kukho isisombululo eselenziweyo sokusebenza ngaphandle kwe-systemd, kodwa yaliwe ukugcinwa (umzekelo, xa ingxaki ibangelwa ukususwa kombhalo weinit obonelelwe ngaphambili).

Ixhasa ukuphatheka ngaphandle kokwazisa utshintsho oluthintela uphuhliso. I-Debian iyaqhubeka nokubonwa njengebhulorho yokudibanisa isoftware eyahlukileyo ebonelela ngokulinganayo okanye ukusebenza okufanayo. Ukuphatheka phakathi kweeplatifomu ze-hardware kunye ne-software stacks yinjongo ebalulekileyo, kwaye ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwephesha obunye kuyakhuthazwa, nokuba imbono yehlabathi yabadali babo iyahluka kwimvumelwano ngokubanzi. Isikhundla malunga ne-systemd kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokuqalisa zihambelana ngokupheleleyo nenqaku lesi-4.

Ukwenza inkxaso kwiinkqubo ezininzi zokuqalisa kunyanzelekile. Ukubonelela ngokukwazi ukuqhuba i-Debian kunye neenkqubo ze-init ngaphandle kwe-systemd iyaqhubeka ibalulekile kwiprojekthi. Iphakheji nganye kufuneka isebenze kunye nabaphangi be-pid1 ngaphandle kwe-systemd, ngaphandle kokuba isofthiwe ebandakanyiwe kwiphakheji yayijoliswe ukuba isebenze kuphela nge-systemd kwaye ayikuxhasi ukusebenza ngaphandle kwe-systemd (ukungabikho kwezikripthi ze-init akubalwa njengoko kujoliswe kuphela ekusebenzeni nge-systemd) .

Ixhasa ukuphatheka kunye nokuphunyezwa okuninzi. Imigaqo ngokubanzi iyafana ncakasana nenqaku lesi-5, kodwa akukho mfuno zithile zenkqubo ye-systemd kunye ne-init, kwaye akukho zibophelelo zibekwe kubaphuhlisi. Abaphuhlisi bayakhuthazwa ukuba bathathele ingqalelo iimfuno zomnye nomnye, benze ulungelelaniso kunye nokufumana izisombululo ezifanayo ezanelisayo kumaqela ahlukeneyo.

Ingxoxo eqhubekayo. Inqaku lingasetyenziselwa ukuthotywa kweenketho ezingamkelekanga.

umthombo: opennet.ru