Abantu abaninzi bakhumbula ukuba uchungechunge lweTV "iSilicon Valley" malunga nomdwebi wenkqubo uRichard
Hendrix, owathi ngempazamo weza ne-algorithm yokuguqula idatha kwaye wagqiba
yakha isiqalo sakho.
Abacebisi bolu thotho bade bacebise ngemetric yokuvavanya
i-algorithms efanayo linqaku le-Weissman eliyintsomi.
Ngaphaya kwebali, isiqalo senza incoko yevidiyo sisebenzisa esi sisombululo.
Uluntu oluhlonelwayo luyamenywa ukuba luxoxe ngenye, engaqhelekanga ngokupheleleyo
umgaqo woxinzelelo lwedatha yeefowuni zeaudio kunye nevidiyo, esombulula ingxaki entsha,
icala elingalindelekanga.
Ukuba ufuna ukuthatha inxaxheba kwingxoxo yesi sisombululo, kwaye ufumanise ukuba yintoni le nto ifana ngayo
iikhonsepthi kunye noJonathan Swift kunye nemisebenzi kaLeo Tolstoy, nceda phantsi kwekati.
Ingcamango ethile
Makhe sichaze ngokubanzi indlela unxibelelwano lweaudio lwanamhlanje lusebenza ngayo - umgaqo uyafana kuzo zombini
iminxeba kwinethiwekhi ye-GSM, kunye nezithunywa ezikhawulezayo kunye neenethiwekhi ze-VOIP.
Ukushukuma kwesandi kuthunyelwa kwimakrofoni ye-smartphone, emva koko kwi-analog-digital
umguquleli (ADC okanye ADC):
Okulandelayo, ukufakwa kweekhowudi kwenzeka ngeendidi zekhowudi (G711, G729, OPUS, GSM, njl.),
uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo longezwe okanye alufakwa (SRTP, ZPTP, njl.) kwaye luthunyelwe kwimeko-bume
ukuhanjiswa kwedatha.
Ngokomzekelo, phantse zonke izithunywa ezikhawulezayo (i-WhatsApp, iViber, njl.) zisebenzisa ii-codecs ezifanayo (kutsha nje oku kudla ngokuba yi-Opus), kwaye phantse iyafana kancinane.
iiprothokholi ezilungisiweyo (ezisekelwe kwi-SIP, WebRTC).
Inethiwekhi yothumelo lwedatha inokuba yi-Intanethi yoluntu okanye inethiwekhi ye-GSM okanye
I-intanethi:
Ufihlo yinto ekhethwayo kolu dweliso lwenkqubo, umzekelo kwiimeko ezininzi ze
Uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo lomnxeba lwe-SIP alusetyenziswanga.
Kodwa kubathunywa, ngokuchaseneyo, bahlala besebenzisa ubunikazi babo
Iiprothokholi zoguqulelo lwelizwi kunye nevidiyo.
Emva koko, inkqubo yokubuyisela iyenzeka - umamkeli, efumene idatha, uchaza ulwazi olufunyenweyo, emva koko umqondiso uya kwi-DAC (i-digital-to-analog converter) kwaye ingena kwi-audio amplifier eqhagamshelwe kwisithethi:
Iimpawu zeekhowudi zale mihla:
G.711 64 Kbps.
G.726 16, 24, 32 okanye 40 Kbps.
G.729A 8 KB/umzuzwana.
I-GSM 13 KB/umzuzwana.
I-iLBC 13.3 KB/umzuzwana. (30ms isakhelo); 15.2 KB/umzuzwana. (20ms isakhelo)
Speex Range ukusuka 2.15 ukuya 22.4 Kb / sec.
G.722 64 Kbps.
Ngaloo ndlela, umzekelo, ngexesha lengxoxo ye-7 yemizuzu kwi-WhatsApp okanye kwi-Skype kuya kubakho
Malunga ne-1 MB yasetyenziswa.
Masikhumbule la manani - 1MB kwimizuzu eyi-7 yencoko, siyakuwafuna kungekudala.
"ULo Tolstoy ufana nesipili ... soguquko..."
Masikhumbule eyona noveli idumileyo yalo mbhali omkhulu waseRashiya:
"Imfazwe Noxolo" yincwadi edumileyo kaLeo Nikolaevich Tolstoy, echaza isiRashiya.
uluntu ngexesha leemfazwe ezichasene noNapoleon ngo-1805-1812. I-epilogue yenoveli izisa
ingxelo ukuya kuthi ga ngo-1820.
Inoveli ethi "Imfazwe Noxolo" nguL.N. UTolstoy wachitha iminyaka esixhenxe yomsebenzi onzima nozingisileyo wemibhalo-ngqangi engqina indlela eyadalwa ngayo enye yezona zinto zinkulu ehlabathini.
"Imfazwe noXolo": uvimba wombhali unamaphepha angaphezu kwama-5200 abhalwe kakuhle.
Ukuba ngoku ufuna ukufunda le noveli, unokuyikhuphela ngokulula.
Kwaye le fayile inobunzima kuphela... 1 MB:
Iifomati ze-fb2 kunye ne-epub, njenge-zip, i-rar, ngokomgaqo, inokuqwalaselwa njengohlobo lwe
iikhowudi
Makhe sicinge ngayo-imizuzu esi-7 yencoko yethu kuWhatsApp ilingana nomthamo wezithuthi
umsebenzi omkhulu owathatha iminyaka eyi-7 ukubhala!
Incoko yemizuzu esi-7 ifakwe kwikhowudi ye-opus, inoveli yafakwa ngekhowudi nge-ePub, umthamo uyafana -
1MB, kodwa onjani umahluko omkhulu!
Iihambo zikaGulliver
Wonke umntu uyawazi lo msebenzi kaJonathan Swift kwasebuntwaneni, kodwa enyanisweni le ncwadi ayisiyiyo
abantwana.
Uhambo lukaGulliver luyintlekisa yezopolitiko kubantu abadala, ngokuqinisekileyo kumxholo we-18
kwinkulungwane.
Into eyothusayo kukuba uSwift, ekubeni ngumchasi okhutheleyo welinye ixesha lakhe -
UNewton, kwincwadi yakhe ethi "Gulliver's Travels" akazange aqikelele nje ukufunyanwa kweesathelayithi
I-Mars (ngenkcazo echanekileyo yeempawu zabo), kodwa iphinde ichaze into enomdla kakhulu
indlela yokunxibelelana phakathi kwabantu:
β... iprojekthi yafuna ukupheliswa ngokupheleleyo kwawo onke amagama;
umbhali wale projekthi ubhekiselele ikakhulu kwiinzuzo zayo zempilo kunye nokonga
ixesha.
Ngapha koko, lizicacele elokuba igama ngalinye esilithethayo linxulunyaniswa nokudilika.
imiphunga kwaye, ke ngoko, ikhokelela ekunciphiseni ubomi bethu.
Kwaye ekubeni amagama angamagama ezinto kuphela, umbhali weprojekthi wenza ukucinga ukuba
ukuba kuya kuba lula ngakumbi ngathi ukuba siphathe kunye nathi izinto eziyimfuneko ukuze sivakalise
iingcinga kunye neminqweno.
... abantu abaninzi abafunde kakhulu nabalumkileyo basebenzisa le ndlela intsha yokuvakalisa
iingcinga ngoncedo lwezinto.
Ukuphazamiseka kwayo kuphela kukuba, ukuba kuyimfuneko,
ukuqhuba incoko ende ngezihloko ezahlukeneyo, abangeneleli kufuneka baphathe
amagxa kunye neenyanda ezinkulu zezinto, ukuba imali ayivumeli ukuqesha enye okanye
abafana ababini abakhulu. Ngokufuthi kwenzeka ukuba ndibone amadoda amabini anjalo azizilumko, ediniwe
umthwalo onzima, njengabathengisi bethu. Xa bedibana esitratweni, bafota
iibhegi zamagxa, wazivula kwaye, ekhupha izinto eziyimfuneko apho, ngaloo ndlela waqhuba incoko
ukuqhubeka kweyure; emva koko baqokelela iimpahla zabo baza bancedisana ngokuwukhwelisa umthwalo
emagxeni, bavalelisa bohlukana.
Nangona kunjalo, kwiincoko ezimfutshane nezilula ungaphatha yonke into oyifunayo epokothweni yakho
okanye phantsi kwengalo, kwaye incoko eyenzekayo ekhaya ayibangeli nayiphi na
ubunzima. Ngoko ke, amagumbi apho abantu abasebenzisa le ndlela bahlanganisana khona azaliswe
zonke iintlobo zezinto ezifanelekileyo ukusebenza njengemathiriyeli yokwenziwa okunjalo
iincoko.
Enye inzuzo enkulu yale mveliso kukuba inokusetyenziswa
njengolwimi lwehlabathi lonke, oluqondakalayo kuzo zonke iintlanga eziphucukileyo, kwifanitshala nekhaya
izitya ziyafana okanye zifana kakhulu kuyo yonke indawo, ukuze ukusetyenziswa kwazo kube lula ukuqonda.
Ngaloo ndlela, abathunywa banokuthetha ngokulula nookumkani basemzini okanye
Abaphathiswa abalwimi abalwaziyo ngokupheleleyo kubo..."
Ke, mhlawumbi sele uqikelela ukuba ndiyaphi nale :)
Kutheni uhambisa iintshukumo zomoya (izandi) ngaphaya kwamakhulu amaninzi namawaka eekhilomitha?
hlupha ngokufaka ikhowudi (ukwenzela ukuhambisa ezi vibrations zomoya kumamkeli ngokuchanekileyo nangempumelelo kangangoko kunokwenzeka), gcina i-bandwidth eyimfuneko, ukuba i-semantic
Ngaba umthwalo wolu gqithiso umncinci, okanye uthande ukuya kuthi ga kwiqanda?
Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, abantu banxibelelana hayi ngezandi, kodwa ngentsingiselo, umxholo, i-semantics, iingcinga ...
Ingqikelelo yenkqubo entsha yonxibelelwano ilula kakhulu - kwicala lomthombo A kukho iaudio
iivibrations nazo zifakwe kwidijithali, kodwa azithunyelwa ngokukhawuleza kwelinye iqela, kodwa
ziguqulelwa kumbhalo (Intetho Kwisicatshulwa) kunye nokubhaliweyo okunentsingiselo ukusuka
umrhumi A, othi:
- inokuhanjiswa ngobuncinci be-bandwidth yedatha (nonxibelelwano lukanomathotholo lwe-HF lunokwenzeka, njl.)
- inokuguqulelwa ngokuntsonkothileyo ngalo naluphi na uguqulelo oluntsonkothileyo oluluqilima
Kwicala B, imiyalezo efunyenweyo iyacinywa kwaye iveliswe njengelizwi elisuka
umrhumi A (Isiqendu kwiNtetho).
Unako kwakhona ukukhuphela into ebizwa ngokuba B cala. ilizwi avatar yomrhumi A, ngubani na
iphinda ngokuchanekileyo indlela yokuthetha yombhalisi A.
Ijelo elahlukileyo linokusasaza ingxolo yangasemva kunye neemvakalelo.
Konke kuyafana kunxibelelwano lwevidiyo- ngakumbi kuba izinto zomntu kudala zikho
zikhona kwizicelo (iimaski ezahlukeneyo, imvelaphi kwi-Zoom, njl.).
Ewe, kukho imiba yobugcisa engekaphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo ngoku ngendlela eyiyo -
umzekelo, isantya soguqulelo lweNtetho kwiSibhalo siya kubaluleka, kodwa usebenzisa
I-algorithms yokuguqulwa kwe-AI eqikelelwayo inokunyusa kakhulu esi santya.
Inzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu kukuba i-bandwidth encinci iyafuneka kwi-transmission medium
idatha.
Ezo. Lo mgaqo ungasetyenziswa kuphela kwimihla ngemihla eqhelekileyo
unxibelelwano, kodwa nangomkhosi kunye nonxibelelwano lomgama omde kunye nokulibaziseka okude
(unxibelelwano lwasemajukujukwini, phakathi kweeplanethi - iNyanga, iMars, njl. :)
Nangona oku kuyinkcazo yengcamango, enyanisweni, kwenye yeeprojekthi zethu sele sele zininzi
Iprototype enalo mgaqo isetyenziswe iinyanga.
Kodwa ngakumbi malunga naloo nto kwixesha elizayo ...
umthombo: www.habr.com