"Ubomi" betekhnoloji bunciphile-ii-smartphones zinokutshintshwa ubuncinci unyaka nonyaka. Kodwa kusekho izixhobo ezisebenze amashumi eminyaka kwaye mhlawumbi ziya kusebenza iminyaka emininzi ezayo. Enye yezi nkqubo I-FACOM yaseJapan 128B, eyaqalisa ukusebenza ngowe-1958.
--Ото - -PD/ Kwifoto: umlandeli weFACOM 128B - FACOM 201A
I-FACOM yenzeke njani
Ekuqaleni koo-1950, iikhomputha zazakhiwe kwiityhubhu zevacuum - zazisetyenziswa kwikhompyuter yokuqala yorhwebo. . Kwakunzima ukuzigcina ezi zinto yaye ngokufuthi zazisilela. Ke ngoko, ezinye iinkampani zakhetha indlela eyahlukileyo kwaye zaqala ukuphuhlisa ngokusekelwe kwiireyilayi kunye nokutshintsha. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho inkampani yaseJapan iFujitsu. Wayecwangcise ukukhuphisana neMelika "».
Ngowe-1954, uToshio Ikeda, intloko yesebe lobugcisa bekhompyutha eFujitsu, waqalisa ukuveliswa kwenkqubo entsha yekhompyutha. Indima yezinto ezinengqiqo kuyo ukutshintsha iilayidi ezisetyenziswa kutshintshiselwano ngemfonomfono. Iinjineli zale nkampani zasebenzisa ama-4500 kwezi zixhobo zokuhanjiswa baza badibanisa ikhompyutha kubo . Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, inguqulelo ephuculweyo yenkqubo yakhululwa - , kwaye ngowe-1959 - FACOM 128B.
Iimpawu zeKhompyutha
Ukusebenza kweFujitsu kwakungaphantsi kakhulu kunokomatshini wokufunxa. Umzekelo, IBM 701 umsebenzi wokongeza uthatha malunga ne-60 milliseconds. FACOM 128B umsebenzi ofanayo kwi-100-200 milliseconds. Kwamthatha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-350 millisecond ukuze aphindaphinde amanani amabini, kwaye ixesha elide kwimisebenzi entsonkothileyo yelogarithmic.
Yintoni i-FACOM 128B eswele ngayo ekusebenzeni, yayenzela ukuthembeka kunye nokulula ukugcinwa. Yonke imisebenzi ye-arithmetic yenziwa kwi-decimal number system, kwaye amanani aye afakwa kwikhowudi yokubini-pentary (). Ukubonisa inani kwinkumbulo, iibhithi ezisixhenxe zabiwe - 0 5 и 0 1 2 3 4, okwenze ukuba kube lula ukufaka ikhowudi nayiphi na inombolo ukusuka kwi-zero ukuya kwisithoba "ngokukhanyisa" iibhithi ezimbini ngokulandelelana.
Le ndlela khangela iireyidi ezixingayo. Ukuba inani lamasuntswana asebenzayo alilingani nesibini, kwacaca ukuba ukusilela kwenzeke. Ukufumana icandelo elingalunganga emva koku akuzange kube nzima.
Ikhompyuter ye-FACOM 128B yasetyenziswa de kwaba ngoo-1970. Ngoncedo lwayo, iilensi ezikhethekileyo zeekhamera zenzelwe kwaye -Inqwelomoya yokuqala yabahambi eyakhiwe ngamaJapan emva kokuphela kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II.
Iqhuba njani iFACOM namhlanje?
I-FACOM 128B ayisasetyenziswa nakuphi na ukubala okunzulu nokubala. Umatshini uguquke waba ngumboniso wemyuziyam osebenza ngokupheleleyo, ofakwe "kwiholo lodumo" lwefektri ye-Fujitsu Numazu Plant kwisixeko saseNumazu.
Ukusebenza kwekhompyuter kujongwa yinjineli enye, uTadao Hamada. Ngokutsho kwakhe , uya "kuhlala eofisini" ubomi bakhe bonke, njengoko efuna ukulondoloza ilifa leteknoloji yaseJapan kwizizukulwana. Uphawula ukuba ukulungisa inkqubo akufuni mgudu ubalulekileyo. I-FACOM 128B ithembekile kangangokuba i-relay enye kuphela ifuna ukutshintshwa ngonyaka, nangona idemo yemihla ngemihla iqhuba.
Okunokwenzeka, ikhompyuter iya kusebenza iminyaka emininzi, nasemva kokuhamba kukaTadao Hamada. Ukuzithemba kufakwe kwinto yokuba kunyaka ophelileyo iMyuziyam yeSizwe yeNdalo kunye neSayensi yaseTokyo I-FACOM 128B kuluhlu lwetekhnoloji yokubaluleka kwembali.
Ezinye "ezinde"
Enye ikhomputha eqhubeka isebenza ukususela kwi-50 yekhulu lokugqibela kwinkampani yaseMelika iSparkler Filters (ibonelela ngezixhobo zokucoca). Le moto - , eyikhompyutha ye-electromechanical efunda ulwazi oluvela kwi-80-column punched cards. Kukholelwa ukuba yeyokugqibela i-IBM 402 esebenza ngokupheleleyo kwiplanethi.
Ngokungafaniyo ne-FACOM 128B, eyona nxalenye yomboniso, umatshini usetyenziselwa ukugcinwa kweencwadi kunye nokunika ingxelo yezemali. Iiprogram zekhompyutheni ezihambelanayo zigcinwe ngendlela yeepaneli zepatch apho iisokethi zobuchwepheshe zixhunywe ngeengcingo ezimisela i-algorithm yokusebenza.
--Ото - — CC BY-SA
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, inkampani ayicwangcisi ukutshintshela kwiinkqubo zekhompyuter zanamhlanje kwaye ilahle ikhompyuter yayo ekhethekileyo. Kodwa kukho ithuba lokuba kwixesha elizayo i-IBM 402 iya kuphelela kwiMyuziyam yeMbali yeKhompyutha. Abameli balo kwixesha elidlulileyo sele benalo , kodwa ke uthethwano lwaphela.
Omnye umzekelo wekhompyutha ehlala ixesha elide , eyathi ukususela ngowe-1987 kwinkampani yaseHecla Mining, eyenza imigodi yesilivere kunye nezinye iintsimbi ezixabisekileyo. Ikhompyuter ifakwe kwisikhululo saseAlaska, apho isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya iiparamitha zeore kunye nokuprinta iilebhile zeesampulu. Ngendlela, umshicileli ofanayo omdala unoxanduva lomva. Okubangela umdla kukuba, kwiminyaka esixhenxe eyadlulayo, enye yeenjineli zezeMigodi ye-Hecla yaphawula kwiposti ye-Reddit ukuba "akufuneki adlale uthotho. , ekubeni sele isebenza kwi-PC "yasemva kwe-apocalyptic". Kukho inyaniso kule nto - ngokuqinisekileyo yongeza ambiance.
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