Ngaphandle kokuvela kweVPS eshibhile, ukusingathwa kwewebhu yendabuko akuyi kufa. Makhe sizame ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni umahluko phakathi kweendlela ezimbini zokubamba iwebhusayithi kwaye yeyiphi engcono.
Kwiwebhusayithi yabo bonke ababoneleli abazihloniphayo ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kubakho uthelekiso lwe-web hosting yendabuko kunye neeseva ezibonakalayo. Ababhali bamanqaku baqaphela ukufana kweVPS kunye noomatshini bomzimba kwaye bazoba ukuhambelana phakathi kwabo kunye neendawo zabo zokuhlala, banikeze iiseva zewebhu ezikwabelwana ngazo indima yeendawo zokuhlala. Kunzima ukuphikisana notoliko olunjalo, nangona siya kuzama ukungacacisi kangako. Makhe sijonge nzulu kancinane kunezifaniso ezingaphezulu kwaye sihlalutye iimpawu zokhetho ngalunye lwabasebenzisi abasaqalayo.
Ingaba ibamba lemveli lisebenza njani?
Ukuze umncedisi wewebhu akwazi ukukhonza iisayithi ezahlukeneyo, ezibizwa ngokuba. Igama elisekelwe kumamkeli wenyani. Iprotocol yeHTTP ithatha ithuba lokuthumela njengenxalenye yesicelo (Uniform resource locator) - oku kuvumela inkonzo ukuba iqonde ukuba yeyiphi indawo isikhangeli okanye enye inkqubo yomxhasi efikelela kuyo. Konke okuseleyo kukubophelela igama lesizinda kwidilesi ye-IP efunwayo kwaye ucacise ulawulo lwengcambu yenginginya yenyani kuqwalaselo. Emva koku, unokusasaza iifayile zesayithi zabasebenzisi abohlukeneyo kwiinkcukacha zabo zasekhaya kwaye uvule ufikelelo nge-FTP yolawulo.
Ukuze izicelo zewebhu ze-server-side (izikripthi ezahlukeneyo okanye iinkqubo zolawulo lomxholo - i-CMS) ziqaliswe ngamalungelo omsebenzisi othile wokubamba, indlela ekhethekileyo ye-suexec yenziwe kwi-Apache. Kucacile ukuba izicwangciso zokhuseleko lomncedisi wewebhu azivumeli abasebenzisi ukuba baphazamise kwintsimi yomnye umntu, kodwa ngokubanzi kubonakala ngathi ngokwenene indawo yokuhlala kunye namagumbi ahlukeneyo kunye nedilesi ye-IP eqhelekileyo kumakhulu ezisayithi. Umncedisi wesiseko sedatha (ngokuqhelekileyo i-MySQL) yeenginginya ezibonakalayo nazo kwabelwana ngazo, kodwa umsebenzisi wokusingatha unokufikelela kuphela kwiinkcukacha zakhe zobuqu. Yonke isoftware yeseva ngaphandle kwezikripthi zesayithi igcinwa ngumboneleli ngabathengi abanako ukutshintsha ubumbeko bayo ngokubona kwabo. Inkqubo yokulawula i-akhawunti ngokuzenzekelayo: ngenxa yezi njongo, i-hoster nganye inepaneli ekhethekileyo yewebhu apho unokulawula iinkonzo.
Isebenza njani iVPS?
Ukuthelekisa iiseva ezibonakalayo kunye nezokwenyama akulunganga ngokupheleleyo, kuba iiVPS ezininzi zibaleka kwinginginya enye "yentsimbi". Ngomfanekiso, oku akuseyiyo indawo yokuhlala, kodwa isakhiwo esinomnyango oqhelekileyo kunye nezakhiwo eziqhelekileyo zokuthwala imithwalo. Ukudala "iiflethi" ezihlukeneyo (VPS) ngaphakathi "kwendlu" enye (umncedisi womzimba), izixhobo ezivela kwinkqubo yokusebenza efakwe kwi-host host kunye nobuchwepheshe obuhlukeneyo bokubonwa zisetyenziswa.
Ukuba kusetyenziswa i-virtualization yenqanaba le-OS, iinkqubo zabathengi zisebenza nje kwindawo ekwanti (okanye kwisikhongozeli) kwaye abazi ngezixhobo kunye neenkqubo zabanye abasebenzisi. I-OS eyahlukileyo yendwendwe ayiqaliswanga kule meko, oko kuthetha ukuba isoftware kwindawo yendwendwe kufuneka ihambelane nenkqubo kwi-host ebonakalayo—ngesiqhelo, abathengi banikwa usasazo lwe-GNU/Linux oluhlengahlengiswe ngokukodwa kolu hlobo lomsebenzi.LinuxKukwakho neendlela eziphucukileyo ngakumbi, kuquka ukulinganisa umatshini obonakalayo, apho unokusebenzisa phantse nayiphi na i-OS yeendwendwe, nokuba ivela kumfanekiso wayo wokufakela.
Ukusuka kumbono womlawuli, nayiphi na i-VPS ayifani kakhulu nomncedisi womzimba. Xa uyala inkonzo, i-hoster ihambisa ukucwangciswa okukhethiweyo, kwaye emva koko ukugcinwa kwenkqubo kuwela kumahlombe omthengi. Kule meko, unokufaka isofthiwe efunekayo kwaye uyilungiselele njengoko unqwenela - inkululeko epheleleyo yokukhetha iseva yewebhu, inguqulo ye-PHP, iseva yedatha, njl. I-VPS nayo inedilesi yayo ye-IP, ngoko akudingeki ukuba wabelane ngayo nekhulu okanye nabamelwane. Apha siza kugqiba ukuchaza ukungafani okuphambili kwaye siqhubele phambili kwiinzuzo kunye nokungonakali apho ukhetho lwesisombululo luxhomekeke khona.
Loluphi ukhetho olulula kwaye lufanelekile?
Ukusingathwa okubonakalayo akufuni ulawulo lwemo engqongileyo exhasa indawo. Umxhasi akadingeki ukuba afake, alungiselele kwaye ahlaziye inkqubo kunye nesoftware yesicelo ngokwakhe, kwaye kwezinye iimeko iphaneli yokulawula yokubamba ikuvumela ukuba ufake iCMS - olu khetho lubukeka lunomtsalane kubaqalayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imisebenzi yokulungiswa kakuhle kwe-CMS iya kusafuneka isonjululwe ngokuzimeleyo, kwaye ngaphandle koko, umda wokungeniswa ophantsi ufihla ukuguquguquka okuncinci kwesisombululo. Ukhetho lwesoftware luya kuthintelwa: ekubanjweni okwabelwana ngako awukwazi, umzekelo, ukutshintsha uguqulelo lwe-PHP okanye i-MySQL ngokuthanda, kuncinci ukufaka ipakethe engaqhelekanga okanye ukhethe enye ipaneli yokulawula - kuya kufuneka usebenzise izixhobo ezinikezelwa mnikezi nkonzo. Ukuba umnikezeli wakho uphucula iseva, usetyenziso lwakho lwewebhu lunokufumana imiba yokuhambelana kwesoftware.
I-VPS isusa ezi ngxaki ze-hosting yendabuko. Umthengi angakhetha i-OS ayifunayo (ukhetho). Linux) kwaye ufake nayiphi na isoftware. Kuya kufuneka ulungiselele kwaye ulawule imeko-bume ngokwakho, kodwa inkqubo ingenziwa lula—bonke ababoneleli be-hosting banikezela ngephaneli yokulawula efakwe kwiseva ebonakalayo, ezenzela ngokuzenzekelayo inkqubo yolawulo. Ngenxa yoku, akukho mahluko mkhulu kubunzima bolawulo phakathi kwe-hosting yendabuko kunye ne-VPS. Ngaphezu koko, ungafaka iphaneli yakho, enye engabandakanywanga kwiminikelo yomboneleli. Lilonke, iindleko eziphezulu zolawulo lwe-VPS zincinci, kwaye ukuguquguquka okwandileyo kwesisombululo kudlula umzamo owongezelelweyo.
Loluphi ukhetho olukhuselekileyo noluthembekileyo?
Kungabonakala ngathi ukubamba iiwebhusayithi ekusingatheni ngokwesiko kukhuselekile. Izibonelelo zabasebenzisi abahlukeneyo zihlukanisiwe ngokuthembekileyo komnye nomnye, kwaye umboneleli ubeka esweni ukufaneleka kwesofthiwe yeseva - oku kukhetho oluhle kakhulu, kodwa kuphela ekuboneni kokuqala. Abahlaseli abasoloko bexhaphaza ubuthathaka kwisoftware yenkqubo; Ngale ndlela, ukusingathwa kwendabuko akunanzuzo - izixhobo zomthengi zisebenza kwi-CMS efanayo - kodwa zininzi izinto ezingeloncedo.
Ingxaki ephambili yokubamba ngokuhlanganyela idilesi ye-IP ekwabelwana ngayo kumakhulu eendawo ezivela kubasebenzisi abahlukeneyo. Ukuba omnye wabamelwane bakho uqhekezwa kwaye uqale, umzekelo, ukuthumela ugaxekile kuyo okanye ukwenza ezinye izinto ezinobungozi, idilesi eqhelekileyo inokuphela kuluhlu lwabamnyama olwahlukeneyo. Kule meko, bonke abathengi abaneendawo zabo zisebenzisa i-IP efanayo baya kubandezeleka. Ukuba ummelwane ufika phantsi kohlaselo lwe-DDoS okanye udala umthwalo ogqithisileyo kwizixhobo zekhompyutha, "abaqeshi" abaseleyo bomncedisi baya kubandezeleka. Kulula kakhulu kumboneleli ukuba alawule ulwabiwo lwe-quotas kwi-VPS nganye, ukongeza, umncedisi we-virtual unikwe i-IP eyahlukileyo kwaye kungekhona nje enye: unokuyalela nayiphi na inani labo, inkonzo eyongezelelweyo yokukhusela i-DDoS, i-anti; -inkonzo yentsholongwane, njl. Ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka, i-VPS iphezulu kwi-hosting yendabuko kufuneka nje uhlaziye iinkqubo ezifakiweyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Yeyiphi inketho enexabiso eliphantsi?
Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, impendulo yalo mbuzo yayingathandabuzekiyo - kunye nazo zonke iintsilelo zayo, igumbi elikwindlu yokuhlala laliphantsi kakhulu kunendlu eyahlukileyo. Ishishini alimile kwaye ngoku uninzi lwe-VPS yebhajethi ibonakale kwiimarike: kunye nathi unako iseva yakho ebonakalayo ivuliwe Linux Ngeeruble ezili-130 ngenyanga. Ngokomyinge, i-VPS ebhajethi ixabisa iiruble ezili-150-250 ngenyanga. Ngala maxabiso, iingxaki zokubamba iwebhu zemveli azinakugcinwa, ngaphandle kokuba kufuneka ubambe iiwebhusayithi ezilula zekhadi leshishini. Ngaphezu koko, izicwangciso zokubamba iwebhu ezikwabelwana ngazo zinciphisa inani leewebhusayithi kunye needathabheyisi, ngelixa nge-VPS, umthengi unqunyelwe kuphela bubungakanani bokugcina beseva kunye nobuchule bekhompyutha.
umthombo: www.habr.com
