BLAKE3 umsebenzi we-cryptographic hash okhoyo, okhawuleza ngokuphindwe ka-10 kune-SHA-2

Ukuphunyezwa kokugqibela kwe-algorithm kupapashwe I-BLAKE3, enikezela ngomsebenzi we-cryptographic hash eyenzelwe izicelo ezifana nokujonga ingqibelelo yefayile, ukuqinisekiswa komyalezo, kunye nokuvelisa idatha yotyikityo lwedijithali. I-BLAKE3 ayenzelwanga amagama agqithisiweyo e-hashing (kwi-passwords kufuneka usebenzise yescrypt, bcrypt, scrypt okanye Argon2), njengoko ijolise ekubaleni i-hashes ngokukhawuleza kunye nesiqinisekiso sokungangqubani, ukukhuselwa ukufumana iprototype kwaye ayivakali kubungakanani bedatha ekhawulezileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwesalathiso se-BLAKE3 ipapashiwe Ilayisenisi kabini phantsi kweDomain yoLuntu (CC0) kunye ne-Apache 2.0.

Umahluko ophambili womsebenzi omtsha we-hash kukusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu kwezibalo ze-hash ngelixa ugcina ukuthembeka kwinqanaba le-SHA-3. Ngokungagqibekanga, isiphumo sobungakanani behashi kwi-BLAKE3 ngama-bytes angama-32 (amasuntswana angama-256), kodwa inokwandiswa ukuya kumaxabiso angenasizathu. Kuvavanyo lwesizukulwana se-hash kwifayile ye-16 KB, i-BLAKE3 idlula i-SHA3-256 ngamaxesha angama-15, i-SHA-256 ngamaxesha angama-12, i-SHA-512 ngamaxesha ayi-8, i-SHA-1 ngama-6, kunye ne-BLAKE2b ngamaxesha e-4. amaxesha. Kushiyeke umsantsa obalulekileyo xa kusetyenzwa inani elikhulu kakhulu ledatha, umzekelo, i-BLAKE3 iye yabakho ngokukhawuleza I-SHA-256 ngamaxesha e-8 xa ubala i-hash ye-1GB yedatha engahleliwe.

I-algorithm yaphuhliswa ziingcali ezidumileyo ze-cryptography (UJack O'Connor, UJean-Philippe Aumasson, USamuel Neves, Zooko Wilcox-O'Hearn) kwaye iyaqhubeka nokuphuhlisa i-algorithm I-BLAKE2 kwaye isebenzisa indlela yokufaka ikhowudi yomthi we-block chain Bao. Ngokungafaniyo ne-BLAKE2 (BLAKE2b, BLAKE2s), i-BLAKE3 inikezela nge-algorithm eyodwa kuzo zonke iiplatifomu, ezingabotshwanga kubunzulu obuncinci kunye nobukhulu be-hash.

Ukusebenza okwandisiweyo kuye kwaphunyezwa ngokunciphisa inani lemijikelo ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya ku-7 kunye neebhloko ze-hashing ngokwahlukeneyo kwi-1 KB piece. Ngokutsho kwabadali, bafumana ukukholisa ubungqina, onokuthi ufumane ngokujikeleza kwe-7 endaweni ye-10 ngelixa ugcina inqanaba elifanayo lokuthembeka (ukucaca, unokunika umzekelo ngokuxuba iziqhamo kwi-mixer - emva kwemizuzwana eyi-7 iziqhamo sele zixutywe ngokupheleleyo kwaye imizuzwana emi-3 eyongezelelweyo iya ayichaphazeli ukuhambelana komxube). Nangona kunjalo, abanye abaphandi bavakalisa amathandabuzo, bekholelwa ukuba nangona ngoku imijikelo ye-7 yanele ukujamelana nazo zonke izihlaselo ezaziwayo kwi-hashes, ke imijikelo eyongezelelweyo ye-3 ingaba luncedo ukuba uhlaselo olutsha luchongiwe kwixesha elizayo.

Ngokuphathelele ukwahlula kwiibhloko, kwi-BLAKE3 umlambo wahlulwe ube ngamaqhekeza e-1 KB kwaye iqhekeza ngalinye likhawuleza ngokuzimeleyo. Ngokusekelwe kwiiheshi zamaqhekeza kwisiseko umthi webinary merkle ihashi enye enkulu yenziwa. Olu lwahlulo luvumela ukuba sisombulule ingxaki yokulinganisa idatha xa ubala i-hash - umzekelo, ungasebenzisa imiyalelo ye-SIMD enemisonto emi-4 ukubala ngaxeshanye i-hashes yeebhloko ezi-4. Imisebenzi ye-SHA-* ye-hash yesiqhelo yenza idatha ngokulandelelanayo.

Iimpawu ze-BLAKE3:

• Ukwenza okuphezulu;
• Ukhuseleko, kubandakanywa nokumelana uhlaselo lolwandiso lomyalezo, apho i-SHA-2 ichaphazeleka khona;
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwezibalo kulo naliphi na inani leentambo kunye neziteshi ze-SIMD;
• Ukubakho kohlaziyo olongezelelekileyo kunye nokuqinisekiswa kokusetyenzwa kwemijelo;
• Sebenzisa kwiindlela zePRF, MAC, KDF, XOF kwaye njengehashi eqhelekileyo;
• I-algorithm enye yazo zonke izakhiwo, ngokukhawuleza kuzo zombini iinkqubo ze-x86-64 kunye ne-32-bit ARM processors.

umthombo: opennet.ru