Kwizithuba zangaphambili sathetha ngeenkqubo ezilula zokujonga ividiyo kwishishini, kodwa ngoku siza kuthetha ngeeprojekthi apho inani lekhamera likumawaka.
Amaxesha amaninzi umahluko phakathi kwezona nkqubo zixabisa kakhulu zokucupha iividiyo kunye nezisombululo amashishini amancinci naphakathi anokuthi asebenzise isikali kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Ukuba akukho zithintelo kwiindleko zeprojekthi, unokwakha ikusasa kwindawo ethile ngoku.
Izigqibo kwi-EU
Indawo yokuthenga ye-Galeria Katowicka yavulwa kwi-2013 kumbindi wedolophu yasePoland yaseKatowice. Kwindawo engamawaka angama-52 mΒ² kukho iivenkile ezingaphezu kwama-250 kunye neeofisi zeenkampani ezivela kwicandelo lenkonzo, icinema yale mihla kunye nendawo yokupaka engaphantsi komhlaba yeemoto ezili-1,2 lamawaka. Kukwakho nesikhululo sikaloliwe eTC.
Ukuqwalasela indawo enkulu, inkampani yokulawula i-Neinver ibeka umsebenzi onzima kwiikontraki: ukwenza inkqubo yokucupha ividiyo eya kugubungela ngokupheleleyo intsimi (ngaphandle kwamabala angaboniyo, ukuthintela izenzo ezahlukeneyo ezingekho mthethweni, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lweendwendwe kunye nokhuseleko lwe- impahla yeenkampani zokurhweba kunye neendwendwe), gcina idatha malunga neendwendwe kwaye uzibale ukuvelisa idatha yomntu ngamnye kwinani leendwendwe kwivenkile nganye. Kule meko, ubunzima beprojekthi bunokuphindaphindwa ngokukhuselekileyo ngama-250 - ngenani leendawo zokujonga. Enyanisweni, ezi ngama-250 eeprojekthi ezahlukeneyo. Kumava ethu, ukubeka ikhawuntara yomntu omnye kunokuba ngumsebenzi onzima xa ufaka izixhobo ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kweengcali.
Ukuphumeza iprojekthi, sikhethe iikhamera ze-IP ezinohlalutyo oluhlanganisiweyo lwevidiyo. Enye yezinto eziphambili zeekhamera kukukwazi ukurekhoda ulwazi nangona uxhulumaniso phakathi kwekhamera kunye nomncedisi luphazamiseka.
Ekubeni indawo yokuthenga inenani elikhulu lokungena kunye nokuphuma, kunye nemigangatho emininzi yokuthengisa kunye neendawo zeeofisi, kuye kwafuneka ukuba kufakwe iikhamera ezininzi kwigumbi ngalinye.
Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho ophezulu kunye nesantya sokuhambisa umqondiso, sikhethe inketho yenethiwekhi edibeneyo usebenzisa intambo yefiber optic kunye nesibini esijijekileyo. Ngethuba lomsebenzi wokufakelwa, ii-30 km zeentambo zafakwa kwisakhiwo sonke.
Xa ufaka inkqubo, abaqulunqi badibana nobunzima obufuna ukuba basebenzise iindlela ezingezizo eziqhelekileyo. Ekubeni umnyango omkhulu weGaleria Katowicka ufana nesemicircle ebanzi, iinjineli kwafuneka zifake iikhamera ezilishumi ngaxeshanye ukubala ngokuchanekileyo iindwendwe ezingenayo. Umsebenzi wabo kunye nevidiyo ezayo kwafuneka zidityaniswe ukuze kuthintelwe ukubalwa okuphindaphindiweyo kondwendwe olunye.
Umsebenzi wokudibanisa inkqubo yokubala kunye nenkqubo yokubeka iliso yokupaka nayo yajika yaba nzima kakhulu: kwakuyimfuneko ukudibanisa idatha evela kwiinkqubo zombini kwingxelo eqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokuphindaphinda kunye nangefomathi enye.
Ukubeka iliso kunye nokujonga ukusebenza, inkqubo yevidiyo iye yakha i-self-diagnostics kunye nezixhobo zokuvavanya, apho unokufumana khona idatha malunga neendwendwe ngokuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza kwezixhobo.
Inkqubo kwiziko lokuthenga laseGaleria Katowicka ibe yeyona nto inkulu yorhwebo oluzenzekelayo olubala abantu baseYurophu.
Eyona nkqubo indala yeCCTV eLondon
Ngexesha le-Operation Vedana (okuthiwa uphando kwi-Skripal case), amagosa aseScotland Yard afunda, ngokweenkcukacha ezisemthethweni, iiyure eziliwaka ezili-11 zezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zevidiyo. Kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, kwakufuneka babonise iziphumo zomsebenzi wabo eluntwini. Esi siqendu sibonisa ngokugqibeleleyo isikali senkqubo yokucupha ividiyo enokufikelela kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olungenamda.
Ngaphandle kokubaxa, inkqubo yokhuseleko yaseLondon inokubizwa ngokuba yenye yezona zinkulu emhlabeni, kwaye obu bunkokeli buyaqondakala. Iikhamera zokuqala zevidiyo zifakwe kwi-1960 kwi-Trafalgar Square ukuqinisekisa ukucwangciswa ngexesha lentlanganiso yentsapho yasebukhosini yaseThai, njengoko kulindeleke ukuba isihlwele esikhulu sabantu.
Ukuqonda ubungakanani benkqubo yevidiyo yaseLondon, makhe sijonge amanani anomtsalane abonelelwe liGunya loShishino loKhuseleko lwaseBritane (BSIA) ngo-2018.
ELondon ngokwayo, malunga nama-642 amawaka ezixhobo zokulandelela zifakwe, i-15 lamawaka kubo kwindlela engaphantsi. Kuyavela ukuba ngokomndilili kukho ikhamera enye kubahlali abali-14 kunye neendwendwe zesixeko, kwaye umntu ngamnye uwela kwindawo yokujonga lens yekhamera malunga namaxesha angama-300 ngosuku.
Abaqhubi ababini bahlala bekhona kwigumbi lokulawula ukujonga imeko kwenye yeendawo zaseLondon.
Yonke idatha esuka kwiikhamera iya kwi-bunker ekhethekileyo engaphantsi komhlaba, indawo engachazwanga kuyo. Esi siza siqhutywa yinkampani yabucala isebenzisana namapolisa kunye nebhunga lengingqi.
Kwinkqubo yokuhlolwa kwevidiyo yesixeko, kukho iinkqubo zabucala, ezivaliweyo ezibekwe, umzekelo, kwiindawo zokuthenga ezahlukeneyo, iikhefi, iivenkile, njl.njl. Zizonke, kukho malunga nezigidi ezi-4 zeenkqubo ezinjalo e-UK - ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye iNtshona. ilizwe.
Ngokwamanani asemthethweni, urhulumente uchitha malunga ne-2,2 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ekugcineni inkqubo. I-complex ifumana isonka sayo ngokunyanisekileyo-ngoncedo lwayo, amapolisa akwazile ukusombulula malunga ne-95% yolwaphulo-mthetho esixekweni.
Inkqubo yokucupha ividiyo yaseMoscow
Okwangoku, malunga ne-170 lamawaka eekhamera ezifakwe eMoscow, apho i-101 lamawaka ingena ekungeneni, i-20 yamawaka kwiindawo zentendelezo kwaye ngaphezu kwe-3,6 yamawaka kwiindawo zikawonkewonke.
Iikhamera zisasazwa ngendlela yokunciphisa inani leendawo ezingaboniyo. Ukuba ujonga ngeenxa zonke ngononophelo, uya kuqaphela ukuba kukho izixhobo zokulawula phantse yonke indawo (kaninzi kwinqanaba lokunqunyulwa kwamaphahla ezindlu). Nkqu nee-intercom kwisango ngalinye lezakhiwo zokuhlala zixhotyiswe ngekhamera ebamba ubuso bomntu ongena.
Zonke iikhamera esixekweni zisasaza imifanekiso ubusuku nemini ngeetshaneli zefiber optic kwiZiko loGcino lweDatha oluManyeneyo kunye neZiko lokuCwangciswa kweDatha (UDSC) - nanku undoqo wenkqubo yevidiyo yesixeko, ebandakanya amakhulukhulu eeseva ezikwaziyo ukufumana i-traffic engenayo ngesantya sokunyuka. ukuba 120 Gbit/sec.
Idatha yevidiyo isasazwa kusetyenziswa iprotocol ye-RTSP. Ukugcinwa kogcino lweerekhodi, inkqubo isebenzisa ngaphezu kwe-11 lamawaka ee-hard drives, kunye nomthamo opheleleyo wokugcina i-petabytes engama-20.
Uyilo lwemodyuli yesoftware yeziko luvumela ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwehardware kunye nezixhobo zesoftware. Inkqubo ilungele imithwalo enzima kakhulu: nokuba bonke abahlali besixeko bafuna ukubukela ukurekhoda kwevidiyo kuzo zonke iikhamera, "ayiyi kuwa".
Ukongeza kumsebenzi wayo oyintloko - ukuthintela ulwaphulo-mthetho kwisixeko kunye nokunceda ukucombulula - inkqubo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukubeka iliso kwiindawo zentendelezo.
Ukurekhoda kwiikhamera ezifakwe kwiindawo zikawonkewonke, izibonelelo zokuthengisa, iintendelezo kunye nokungena kwezindlu zigcinwa iintsuku ezintlanu, kwaye kwiikhamera ezikumaziko emfundo - iintsuku ezingama-30.
Ukusebenza kweekhamera kuqinisekiswa ziinkampani zeekontraka, kwaye okwangoku inani leekhamera zevidiyo eziphosakeleyo alidluli i-0,3%.
I-AI eNew York
Umlinganiselo wenkqubo yokucupha ividiyo eNew York, nangona inani labahlali be-Big Apple (malunga ne-9 yezigidi), lingaphantsi kakhulu kwiLondon naseMoscow - kuphela iikhamera ezingamawaka angama-20 zifakwe kwisixeko. Elona nani likhulu leekhamera lifumaneka kwiindawo ezixineneyo - kwindlela engaphantsi, kwizikhululo zikaloliwe, iibhulorho kunye neetonela.
Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, iMicrosoft yazisa inkqubo entsha-iNkqubo yoLwazi lweDomain (), ngokutsho komphuhlisi, kufuneka enze uguquko lwangempela kwimisebenzi yee-arhente zokuthotyelwa komthetho kunye nobukrelekrele.
Inyaniso kukuba, xa kuthelekiswa nenkqubo yokuhlola ividiyo eqhelekileyo esasaza umfanekiso wento eyenzekayo kwindawo ethile, i-DAS iyakwazi ukubonelela ngamapolisa ngolwazi oluninzi olusemthethweni. Umzekelo, ukuba umaphuli-mthetho ophinda-phinda owaziwayo ngamapolisa ubonakala kwindawo elawulwa ngamapolisa, inkqubo iya kumqonda kwaye ibonise kwiscreen somqhubi we-monitor yonke idatha malunga nexesha lakhe elidlulileyo lolwaphulo-mthetho, ngesiseko apho uya kugqiba ukuba ngawaphi amanyathelo thabatha. Ukuba umrhanelwa ufike ngemoto, inkqubo ngokwayo iya kulandelela indlela yakhe kwaye yazise amapolisa ngayo.
I-Domain Awareness System inokuphinda izuze iiyunithi zokulwa nobugrogrisi, kuba ngoncedo lwayo unokulandelela ngokulula nawuphi na umntu okrokrelayo oshiye ipakethe, ibhegi okanye isutikheyisi kwindawo yoluntu. Inkqubo iya kuvelisa kwakhona ngokupheleleyo yonke indlela yokuhamba kwiskrini esweni kwiziko leemeko, kwaye amapolisa akayi kuchitha ixesha ekuxoxweni nasekukhangeleni amangqina.
Namhlanje, i-DAS idibanisa iikhamera zevidiyo ezingaphezu kwewaka le-3, kwaye inani labo lihlala likhula. Inkqubo ibandakanya abenzi boluvo abahlukeneyo abasabelayo, umzekelo, kwimiphunga eqhumayo, iisensonsi zokusingqongileyo kunye nenkqubo yokuqaphela ipleyiti yelayisensi yesithuthi. I-Domain Awareness System inokufikelela phantse kuzo zonke ii-database zedolophu, ezikuvumela ukuba ufumane ngokukhawuleza ulwazi malunga nazo zonke izinto ezibanjwe kwindawo yokujonga iikhamera.
Inkqubo ikhula rhoqo kwaye yongeza umsebenzi omtsha. UMicrosoft uceba ukuyikhupha kwezinye izixeko zase-US.
Inkqubo enkulu yamaTshayina
E-China, kukho "inkqubo yokujonga ividiyo ye-analogue": ngaphezulu kwama-850 amawaka amavolontiya asele esidla umhlala-phantsi, anxibe iivesti ezibomvu ezisemthethweni okanye anxibe amabhanti engalo, abeke iliso kwindlela yokuziphatha erhanelekayo yabemi ezitratweni.
ITshayina likhaya labantu abasisi-1,4 sebhiliyoni, yaye abazizigidi ezingama-22 kubo bahlala eBeijing. Esi sixeko sikwindawo yesibini emva kweLondon ngenani leekhamera zevidiyo ezifakiweyo kumntu ngamnye. Abasemagunyeni bathi isixeko si-100% sigutyungelwe lucupho lwevidiyo. Ngokutsho kwedatha engekho semthethweni, inani leekhamera eBeijing ngoku lidlula i-450 lamawaka, nangona emva kwe-2015 kwakukho i-46 lamawaka kuphela.
Ukunyuka kwe-10 kwinani leekhamera kuchazwa yinto yokuba inkqubo yokuhlola ividiyo yedolophu yaseBeijing kutshanje ibe yinxalenye yeprojekthi ye-Skynet yelizwe lonke, eyaqala iminyaka eyi-14 edlulileyo. Ababhali beprojekthi mhlawumbi abazange bakhethe eli gama ngamabona-ndenzile. Kwelinye icala, inxibelelana ngokugqibeleleyo negama elingekho semthethweni elaziwayo laseTshayina - "uBukhosi basezulwini", okanye iTian Xia. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, isifaniso kunye nefilimu ethi "I-Terminator" izicebisa yona, apho eli ligama lenkqubo yengqondo yobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kweplanethi. Kubonakala ngathi yomibini le miyalezo iyinyani, kwaye ngakumbi uya kuqonda ukuba kutheni.
Inyani kukuba inkqubo yokujonga ividiyo yehlabathi kunye nenkqubo yokuqaphela ubuso eTshayina, ngokwezicwangciso zabaphuhlisi, kufuneka irekhode yonke into eyenziwa ngummi welizwe. Zonke izenzo zamaTshayina zirekhodwa rhoqo ngeekhamera zevidiyo ezinobuchwephesha bokubona ubuso. Ulwazi oluvela kubo luya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zolwazi, apho ngoku kukho ezininzi.
Umphuhlisi ophambili wenkqubo yokubeka iliso yevidiyo yiSenseTime. Isoftware ekhethekileyo eyenziwe ngesiseko sokufunda koomatshini ngokulula ayiboni kuphela umntu ngamnye kwividiyo, kodwa ikwaqaphela ukwenza kunye neemodeli zeemoto, iimpawu zempahla, ubudala, isini kunye nezinye iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zezinto ezibanjwe kwisakhelo.
Umntu ngamnye kwisakhelo uboniswa ngumbala wayo, kwaye inkcazo yebhlokhi yombala iboniswe ecaleni kwayo. Ngaloo ndlela, umqhubi ufumana ngokukhawuleza ulwazi oluninzi malunga nezinto ezikwisakhelo.
I-SenseTime isebenzisana ngokusebenzayo nabavelisi bee-smartphone. Ke, iinkqubo zayo zeSenseTotem kunye neSenseFace zinceda ukuqaphela izigcawu zolwaphulo-mthetho olunokwenzeka kunye nobuso babaphuli-mthetho abanokubakho.
Abaphuhlisi besithunywa se-WeChat esithandwayo kunye nenkqubo yokuhlawula i-Alipay nayo isebenzisana nenkqubo yokulawula.
Emva koko, i-algorithms ephuhliswe ngokukodwa ivavanya isenzo sommi ngamnye, inika amanqaku kwizenzo ezilungileyo kunye nokunciphisa amanqaku kwizinto ezimbi. Ngaloo ndlela, "inqaku lentlalontle" lomntu ngamnye lenziwa kumhlali ngamnye welizwe.
Ngokubanzi, kuvela ukuba ubomi kuMbindi woBukumkani buqala ukufana nomdlalo wekhompyutha. Ukuba ummi we-hooligans kwiindawo zikawonkewonke, uhlambalaza abanye kwaye ukhokelela, njengoko bethetha, ubomi obungathandekiyo, ngoko "amanqaku oluntu" aya kuba yinto embi, kwaye uya kufumana ukwaliwa kuyo yonke indawo.
Inkqubo ngoku isebenza kwimo yovavanyo, kodwa ngo-2021 iya kuphunyezwa kwilizwe lonke kwaye idityaniswe ibe yinethiwekhi enye. Ke kwiminyaka embalwa, uSkynet uya kwazi yonke into malunga nommi waseTshayina!
Ekugqibeleni
Eli nqaku lithetha ngeenkqubo ezixabisa izigidi zeerandi. Kodwa nezona nkqubo zinkulu azinawo amandla awodwa afumanekayo kuphela kwiimali ezigqithisileyo. Ubuchwephesha buhlala bubiza kakhulu: yiyiphi indleko emashumi amawaka eedola kwiminyaka eyi-20 eyadlulayo ngoku inokuthengwa ngamawaka eeruble.
Ukuba uthelekisa iimpawu zeenkqubo zokucupha iividiyo ezixabisa kakhulu zehlabathi kunye nezisombululo ezithandwayo ngoku ezisetyenziswa ngamashishini amancinci naphakathi, umahluko kuphela phakathi kwabo uya kuba kwisikali.
umthombo: www.habr.com