Kwenye yeencoko ndabuzwa umbuzo:
- Ngaba kukho nantoni na endiyifundayo malunga nendlela yokupakisha ngokufanelekileyo iiseva kwiiracks?
Ndabona ukuba andiwazi umbhalo onjalo, ngoko ndabhala eyam.
Okokuqala, lo mbhalo umalunga neeseva eziphathekayo kumaziko edatha ebonakalayo (DCs). Okwesibini, sikholelwa ukuba zininzi kakhulu iiseva: amakhulu amawaka, kwinani elincinane esi sibhalo asivakali. Okwesithathu, sicinga ukuba sinemiqobo emithathu: indawo ebonakalayo kwi-racks, ukunikezelwa kwamandla kwi-rack nganye, kwaye vumela ii-racks zime kwimigqa ukuze sikwazi ukusebenzisa i-ToR enye yokudibanisa ukudibanisa amaseva kwii-racks ezikufutshane.
Impendulo yombuzo kakhulu ixhomekeke ekubeni yeyiphi iparameter esiyenza ngcono kwaye yintoni esinokuyitshintsha ukuze sifikelele esona siphumo silungileyo. Umzekelo, kufuneka sithathe nje indawo encinci ukuze sishiye ngaphezulu ukuze sikhule ngakumbi. Okanye mhlawumbi sinenkululeko ekukhetheni ukuphakama kwee-racks, amandla kwi-rack, iziseko kwi-PDU, inani lee-racks kwiqela lokutshintsha (i-switch enye ye-1, i-2 okanye i-3 ii-racks), ubude beentambo kunye nomsebenzi wokutsala ( oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekupheleni kwemigca: kunye nee-racks ezili-10 ngokulandelelana kunye ne-3 i-racks kwi-switch nganye, kuya kufuneka ukhuphe iingcingo komnye umqolo okanye usebenzise ngaphantsi kwee-ports kwi-switch), njl njl., njl. Amabali ahlukeneyo: ukhetho lweeseva kunye nokukhethwa kwee-DCs, siya kucinga ukuba zikhethiweyo.
Kuya kuba kuhle ukuqonda ezinye zee-nuances kunye neenkcukacha, ngokukodwa, umyinge / ubuninzi bokusetyenziswa kweeseva, kunye nendlela umbane onikezelwa ngayo kuthi. Ngoko ke, ukuba sinombane waseRashiya we-230V kunye nesigaba esinye kwi-rack, ngoko umatshini we-32A unokusingatha ~ 7kW. Masithi sihlawula i-6kW ngerekhi nganye. Ukuba umboneleli ulinganisa ukusetyenziswa kwethu kuphela kumqolo wee-rack ezili-10, kwaye kungekhona kwi-rack nganye, kwaye ukuba umatshini ubekwe kwi-conditional 7 kW cutoff, ngoko ngokobuchwephesha sinokusebenzisa i-6.9 kW kwi-rack enye, i-5.1 kW kwenye kwaye yonke into iya kulunga-akukho sohlwayo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo injongo yethu ephambili kukunciphisa iindleko. Eyona nqobo ilungileyo yokulinganisa kukuncitshiswa kwe-TCO (ixabiso lilonke lobunini). Iqulathe ezi ziqwenga zilandelayo:
- I-CAPEX: ukuthengwa kweziseko ezingundoqo ze-DC, iiseva, i-hardware yenethiwekhi kunye neekhebhili
- I-OPEX: Irenti ye-DC, ukusetyenziswa kombane, ukulungiswa. I-OPEX ixhomekeke kubomi benkonzo. Kusengqiqweni ukucinga ukuba yiminyaka emi-3.
Ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani bamaqhekeza ngamnye kwipayi iyonke, kufuneka sandise ezona zibiza kakhulu, kwaye abanye bayeke basebenzise zonke izixhobo eziseleyo ngokufanelekileyo kangangoko sinakho.
Masithi sine-DC ekhoyo, kukho ukuphakama kweeyunithi ze-H (umzekelo, H = 47), umbane kwi-rack Prack (Prack = 6kW), kwaye sagqiba ekubeni sisebenzise i-h = 2U iiyunithi ezimbini zeeyunithi. Siza kususa iiyunithi ze-2..4 kwi-rack yokutshintsha, iipaneli ze-patch kunye nabaququzeleli. Ezo. ngokomzimba, sine-Sh=rounddown ((H-2..4)/h) abancedisi kwi-rack yethu (okt. Sh = ukujikeleza ((47-4)/2)=21 iiseva kwi-rack nganye). Masikhumbule le Sh.
Kwimeko elula, zonke iiseva kwi-rack ziyafana. Lilonke, ukuba sizalisa i-rack ngamaseva, ngoko kumncedisi ngamnye sinokuchitha ngokomyinge amandla Pserv=Prack/Sh (Pserv = 6000W/21 = 287W). Ukwenza lula, asiyihoyi ukusetyenziswa kokutshintsha apha.
Masithathe inyathelo ecaleni kwaye sigqibe ukuba yintoni eyona nto iphezulu yokusetyenziswa kweseva yePmax. Ukuba ilula kakhulu, ayisebenzi kwaye ikhuselekile ngokupheleleyo, ngoko sifunda oko kubhaliweyo kunikezelo lwamandla omncedisi - oku kunjalo.
Ukuba iyinkimbinkimbi kwaye iphumelele ngakumbi, ngoko sithatha i-TDP (iphakheji yoyilo lwe-thermal) yazo zonke iinqununu kwaye siyishwankathele (oku akunjalo ngokwenene, kodwa kunokwenzeka).
Ngokuqhelekileyo asiyazi i-TDP yamacandelo (ngaphandle kwe-CPU), ngoko sithatha eyona nto ichanekileyo, kodwa kunye neyona ndlela inzima kakhulu (sidinga i-laboratory) - sithatha iseva yokulinga yoqwalaselo olufunekayo kwaye siyilayishe, umzekelo, kunye ne-Linpack (CPU kunye nememori) kunye ne-fio (iidiski) , silinganisa ukusetyenziswa. Ukuba siyithatha ngokungathΓ sina, kufuneka kwakhona senze indawo efudumele kakhulu kwi-corridor ebandayo ngexesha lovavanyo, kuba oku kuya kuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwe-fan kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-CPU. Sifumana ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu komncedisi othile kunye noqwalaselo oluthile kule miqathango ethile phantsi komthwalo othile. Sithetha nje ukuba inkqubo entsha ye-firmware, inguqulelo yesoftware eyahlukileyo, kunye nezinye iimeko zinokuchaphazela umphumo.
Ke, buyela kwiPserv kunye nendlela esiyithelekisa ngayo nePmax. Ingumbandela wokuqonda ukuba iinkonzo zisebenza njani kwaye zinamandla kangakanani iintambo zomlawuli wakho wezobugcisa.
Ukuba asithathi mngcipheko kwaphela, sikholelwa ukuba zonke iiseva zinokuqalisa ngaxeshanye ukusebenzisa ubuninzi bazo. Ngexesha elifanayo, igalelo elinye kwi-DC linokwenzeka. Naphantsi kwezi meko, i-infra kufuneka ibonelele ngenkonzo, ke Pserv β‘ Pmax. Le yindlela apho ukuthembeka kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukuba umlawuli wezobugcisa akacingi nje ngokhuseleko olufanelekileyo, kodwa kunye nemali yenkampani kwaye unesibindi ngokwaneleyo, ngoko unokugqiba ukuba
- Siqala ukulawula abathengisi bethu, ngokukodwa, sithintela ukugcinwa okucwangcisiweyo ngamaxesha omthwalo ophezulu ocwangcisiweyo ukunciphisa ukuhla kwegalelo elinye;
- kunye / okanye i-architecture yethu ikuvumela ukuba ulahlekelwe yi-rack / umqolo / i-DC, kodwa iinkonzo ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza;
- kunye/okanye sisasaza umthwalo kakuhle ngokuthe tye kwiiracks, ngoko ke iinkonzo zethu azinakuze zitsibe kusetyenziso oluphezulu kwirekhi enye zizonke.
Apha kuluncedo kakhulu kungekhona nje ukuqikelela, kodwa ukubeka esweni ukusetyenziswa kunye nokwazi ukuba iiseva ziwusebenzisa njani umbane phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo kunye neencopho. Ke ngoko, emva kohlalutyo oluthile, umlawuli wetekhnoloji ucinezela yonke into anayo kwaye athi: "senza isigqibo esicacileyo sokuba umndilili ofikelelekayo wosetyenziso oluphezulu lweseva kwirack nganye ** kakhulu ** ngaphantsi kosetyenziso olukhulu," ngokwemeko Pserv = 0.8* Pmax.
Kwaye emva koko i-rack ye-6kW ayinakukwazi ukuhlalisa iiseva ezili-16 nge-Pmax = 375W, kodwa iiseva ezingama-20 ezine-Pserv = 375W * 0.8 = 300W. Ezo. 25% ngaphezulu abancedisi. Oku kukugcina okukhulu kakhulu - emva kwayo yonke into, ngokukhawuleza sifuna i-25% yeeracks ezingaphantsi (kwaye siya kugcina kwii-PDU, iiswitshi kunye neentambo). Isithintelo esinzulu sesisombululo esinjalo kukuba kufuneka sihlale sibeka esweni ukuba izinto esizicingelayo zisachanekile. Ukuba inguqulo entsha ye-firmware ayitshintshi kakhulu ukusebenza kwabalandeli kunye nokusetyenziswa, ukuba uphuhliso ngokukhawuleza kunye nokukhutshwa okutsha akuzange kuqalise ukusebenzisa abancedisi ngokufanelekileyo ngakumbi (funda: baphumelele umthwalo omkhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa okukhulu kumncedisi). Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, zombini iingcamango zethu zokuqala kunye nezigqibo zikhawuleza zibe zingalunganga. Lo ngumngcipheko ekufuneka uthathelwe ingqalelo (okanye uphetshwe kwaye emva koko uhlawulele iiracks ezicacileyo ezingasetyenziswanga).
Inqaku elibalulekileyo - kufuneka uzame ukusasaza abancedisi abavela kwiinkonzo ezahlukeneyo ngokuthe tye kwiiracks, ukuba kuyenzeka. Oku kuyimfuneko ukwenzela ukuba iimeko zingenzeki xa ibhetshi enye yeeseva ifika kwinkonzo enye, iiracks zipakishwe ngokuthe nkqo kunye nokwandisa "ubuninzi" (kuba kulula ngaloo ndlela). Ngokwenyani, kuvela ukuba irack enye izaliswe ziiseva ezinomthwalo ophantsi ofanayo wenkonzo efanayo, kwaye enye izaliswe ngamaseva anomthwalo ophezulu ngokulinganayo. Ithuba lokuwa kwesibini liphezulu kakhulu, kuba iprofayile yomthwalo iyafana, kwaye zonke iiseva kunye kule rack ziqala ukusebenzisa inani elifanayo njengesiphumo sokwanda komthwalo.
Makhe sibuyele ekusasazweni kweeseva kwiiracks. Sijonge indawo ye-rack ebonakalayo kunye nokunciphisa amandla, ngoku makhe sijonge inethiwekhi. Unokusebenzisa utshintsho kunye ne-24/32/48 N izibuko (umzekelo, sine-48-port ToR switch). Ngethamsanqa, azikho iindlela ezininzi zokukhetha ukuba awucingi malunga neentambo zokuqhawuka. Siqwalasela iimeko xa sineswitshi enye kwirack nganye, enye itshintshi kwiirack ezimbini okanye ezintathu kwiqela le-Rnet. Kubonakala kum ukuba ngaphezu kweerack ezintathu kwiqela sele lininzi kakhulu, kuba ... ingxaki yekhebhile phakathi kweeracks iba nkulu kakhulu.
Ke, kwimeko yenethiwekhi nganye (1, 2 okanye 3 iiracks kwiqela), sisasaza iiseva phakathi kweerack:
Srack = min(Sh, rounddown(Prack/Pserv), rounddown(N/Rnet))
Ke ngoko, ukhetho oluneerack ezi-2 kwiqela:
I-Srack2 = min (21, i-rounddown (6000/300), i-rounddown (48/2)) = min (21, 20, 24) = iiseva ze-20 kwi-rack nganye.
Siqwalasela iindlela eziseleyo ngendlela efanayo:
Uluhlu1 = 20
Uluhlu3 = 16
Kwaye sele sisondele. Sibala inani leeracks ukusasaza zonke iiseva zethu S (makube yi-1000):
R = ukujikeleza(I-S / (I-Srack * Rnet)) * Rnet
I-R1 = i-roundup (1000 / (20 * 1)) * 1 = 50 * 1 = 50 iirekhi
I-R2 = i-roundup (1000 / (20 * 2)) * 2 = 25 * 2 = 50 iirekhi
R3 = ukusondezwa (1000 / (16 * 3)) * 3 = 25 * 2 = 63 iirekhi
Emva koko, sibala i-TCO yokhetho ngalunye ngokusekelwe kwinani lee-racks, inani elifunekayo lokutshintsha, i-cabling, njl. Sikhetha ukhetho apho i-TCO iphantsi. Inzuzo!
Qaphela ukuba nangona inani elifunekayo lama-racks kwiinketho ze-1 kunye ne-2 ziyafana, ixabiso labo liya kuba lihluke, kuba inani lokutshintsha kokhetho lwesibini lisiqingatha, kwaye ubude beentambo ezifunekayo zide.
P.S. Ukuba unokudlala ngamandla kwi-rack nganye kunye nokuphakama kwe-rack, ukuhluka kuyanda. Kodwa inkqubo inokuncitshiswa kuleyo ichazwe ngasentla ngokudlula nje kwiinketho. Ewe, kuya kubakho ukudibanisa okungaphezulu, kodwa kusekho inani elincinci kakhulu - ukunikezelwa kwamandla kwi-rack yokubala kunokongezwa ngamanyathelo e-1 kW, iirakhi eziqhelekileyo ziza kwinani elilinganiselwe lobukhulu obuqhelekileyo: 42U, 45U, 47U, 48U. , 52U. Kwaye apha i-Excel's What-If uhlalutyo kwimowudi yeTheyibhile yeDatha inokunceda ngokubala. Sijonga iipleyiti ezifunyenweyo kwaye sikhethe ubuncinci.
umthombo: www.habr.com