Imizobo esemgangathweni iVulkan 1.2 ipapashwe

I-Khronos consortium, ephuhlisa imigangatho yemizobo,
epapashwe iinkcukacha IVulkan 1.2, echaza i-API yokufikelela kwimizobo kunye nezakhono zekhompyutha zeGPU. Ingcaciso entsha ibandakanya izilungiso eziqokelelwe kwisithuba seminyaka emibini kunye ukwanda. Abaqhubi abaxhasa inguqulelo entsha yeVulkan sele bekho kukhutshwa Inkampani yeIntel, AMD, ARM, Imagination Technologies kunye NVIDIA. I-Mesa inikezela ngenkxaso yeVulkan 1.2 kubaqhubi I-RADV (Amakhadi e-AMD) kunye I-ANV (Intel). Inkxaso yeVulkan 1.2 nayo iphunyeziwe kwi-debugger RenderDoc 1.6, LunarG Vulkan SDK kunye neseti yemizekelo Vulkan-Iisampulu.

Siseko ezintsha:

• Ziswe kuwe ukuphunyezwa kolwimi lwenkqubo ye-shader de ilungele ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi HLSL, iphuhliswe nguMicrosoft ukwenzela iDirectX. Inkxaso ye-HLSL kwi-Vulkan yenza kube lula ukusebenzisa i-shaders ye-HLSL efanayo kwizicelo ezisekelwe kwi-Vulkan kunye ne-DirectX, kwaye yenza lula ukuguqulela ukusuka kwi-HLSL ukuya kwi-SPIR-V. Ukuqokelela i-shaders, kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe umqambi oqhelekileyo
  DXC, eyavulwa yiMicrosoft kwi-2017 kwaye isekelwe kwi-teknoloji ye-LLVM. Inkxaso yeVulkan iphunyezwa nge-backend eyahlukileyo, ekuvumela ukuba uguqulele i-HLSL ibe ngumboniso ophakathi we-SPIR-V shaders. Ukuphunyezwa akuquki kuphela zonke izakhono ezakhelwe ngaphakathi
  I-HLSL, kubandakanywa iintlobo zemathematika, ukuhamba kokulawula, imisebenzi, iiseti, iintlobo zemithombo, izithuba zamagama, i-Shader Model 6.2, izakhiwo kunye neendlela, kodwa ivumela ukusetyenziswa kwezandiso ezithile ze-Vulkan ezifana ne-VKRay evela kwi-NVIDIA. Kwimodi ye-HLSL phezulu kweVulkan, kwakunokwenzeka ukulungelelanisa umsebenzi wemidlalo efana ne-Destiny 2, i-Red Dead Redemption II, i-Assassin's Creed Odyssey kunye neTomb Raider.
  
• Iinkcukacha zihlaziyiwe I-SPIR-V 1.5, echaza ukumelwa okuphakathi kwee-shaders ezifumaneka jikelele kuwo onke amaqonga kwaye zingasetyenziselwa zombini iigraphics kunye ne-parallel computing.
  I-SPIR-V ibandakanya ukwahlula isigaba sokuqulunqa i-shader esahlukileyo sibe sisimeli esiphakathi, esikuvumela ukuba wenze ii-frontends zeelwimi ezahlukeneyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ngokusekelwe kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuphunyezwa kwezinga eliphezulu, ikhowudi enye ephakathi yenziwe ngokwahlukileyo, engasetyenziswa ngabaqhubi be-OpenGL, Vulkan kunye ne-OpenCL ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-compiler ye-shader eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.
  
• I-API ye-Vulkan engundoqo ibandakanya izandiso ze-23 ezonyusa ukusebenza, ukuphucula umgangatho wokunikezela, kunye nokwenza lula uphuhliso. Phakathi kwezongezo ezongeziweyo:
  • I-chronological semaphores (Semaphore yomgca wexesha), ukudibanisa ungqamaniso kunye nenginginya kunye nemigca yesixhobo (ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise enye yamandulo yongqamaniso lwe-omnidirectional phakathi kwesixhobo kunye nomamkeli, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa okwahlukileyo kweVkFence kunye neVkSemaphore primitives). I-semiphores entsha imelwe yi-monotonically yokwandisa ixabiso le-64-bit elinokuthi lilandelelwe kwaye lihlaziywe kwimisonto emininzi.
    
  • Ukukwazi ukusebenzisa iindidi zamanani ngokuchaneka okuncitshisiweyo kwi-shaders;
  • I-HLSL ehambelanayo noyilo loyilo lwenkumbulo;
  • Izibonelelo ezingabonakaliyo (ezingenazibophelelo), ezisusa umda kwinani lezixhobo ezikhoyo kwi-shaders ngokusebenzisa indawo ekwabelwana ngayo yememori yenkqubo kunye nememori ye-GPU;
  • Imodeli yememori esesikweni, echaza ukuba imisonto ehambelanayo inokufikelela njani kwidatha ekwabelwana ngayo kunye nemisebenzi yongqamaniso;
  • Isalathiso sesichazi ukusebenzisa kwakhona izichazi zoyilo kuzo zonke izithunzela ezininzi;
  • Amakhonkco e-Buffer.

  Uluhlu olupheleleyo lwezongezo ezongeziweyo:

  • VK_KHR_8bit_ugcino
  • VK_KHR_buffer_device_address
  • VK_KHR_dala_renderpass2
  • VK_KHR_inzulu_stencil_sombulula
  • I-VK_KHR_zoba_engathanga ngqo_ukubala
  • VK_KHR_iipropati_zomqhubi
  • VK_KHR_image_format_list
  • VK_KHR_ukungenasiphelo_framebuffer
  • VK_KHR_sampler_mirror_clamp_to_edge
  • VK_KHR_ezahlukeneyo_bunzulu_istencil_layouts
  • VK_KHR_shader_atomic_int64
  • VK_KHR_shader_float16_int8
  • VK_KHR_shader_float_controls
  • VK_KHR_shader_subgroup_extended_intlobo
  • VK_KHR_spirv_1_4
  • VK_KHR_isikhokelo_semaphore
  • VK_KHR_uniform_buffer_standard_layout
  • VK_KHR_vulkan_memory_model
  • VK_EXT_descriptor_indexing
  • VK_EXT_host_query_reset
  • VK_EXT_sampler_filter_minmax
  • VK_EXT_scalar_block_layout
  • VK_EXT_eyahlukileyo_ukusetyenziswa_kwestencil
  • VK_EXT_shader_viewport_index_layer
• Yongeziwe ngaphezu kwama-50 amatsha kunye nemisebenzi eli-13;
• Iinguqulelo ezimfutshane zenkcazo zilungiselelwe amaqonga ekujoliswe kuwo, ukwenza lula umsebenzi kumaqonga apho zonke izandiso zingekaxhaswa, kwaye zivumela umntu ukuba enze ngaphandle kokwenza kusebenze okukhethiweyo kwezakhono ezisisiseko zeVulkan API.
• Umsebenzi uyaqhubeka kwiprojekthi ukuqinisekisa ukuphatheka kunye nezinye ii-APIs zemizobo. Umzekelo, iVulkan ibonelela ngezongezo ezivumela uguqulelo lwe-OpenGL (Zink, OpenCL (clspv, clvk), i-OpenGL ES (iGLOVE, iAngle) kunye neDirectX (I-DXVK, vkd3d) ngeVulkan API, kwaye ngokunjalo, ngokuchaseneyo, ukwenza iVulkan isebenze kumaqonga ngaphandle kwenkxaso yayo yemveli (gfx-rs и Umlotha ukusebenza ngaphezulu kwe-OpenGL kunye neDirectX, UkunyibilikisaVK kunye ne-gfx-rs yokusebenza ngaphezulu kweNsimbi).
  Izandiso ezongeziweyo zokuphucula ukuhambelana neDirectX kunye neHLSL
  VK_KHR_host_query_reset, VK_KHR_uniform_buffer_standard_layout, VK_EXT_scalar_block_layout, VK_KHR_separate_stencil_usage, VK_KHR_ezahlukeneyo_depth_stencil_layouts, kunye neSPIR-V isebenzisa ubuchule obuthile beHLSL.

Izicwangciso zexesha elizayo zibandakanya ukuphuhliswa kwezandiso zokufunda koomatshini, ukulandelwa kwe-ray, i-encoding yevidiyo kunye ne-decoding, inkxaso ye-VRS (i-variable-rate shading) kunye ne-Mesh shaders.

Khumbula ukuba iVulkan API ephawulekayo abaqhubi abalula kakhulu, ukuhambisa isizukulwana semiyalelo ye-GPU ukuya kwicala lesicelo, ukukwazi ukudibanisa i-debug layers, ukudibanisa i-API yamaqonga ahlukeneyo kunye nokusebenzisa ukumelwa kwangaphambili okuphakathi kwekhowudi yokuphunyezwa kwicala le-GPU. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokuqikelelwa, iVulkan ibonelela ngezicelo ngolawulo oluthe ngqo kwimisebenzi ye-GPU kunye nenkxaso yemveli ye-GPU yokudibanisa imisonto emininzi, enciphisa umphezulu womqhubi kwaye yenza amandla ecala lomqhubi abe lula kwaye aqikeleleke ngakumbi. Umzekelo, imisebenzi efana nolawulo lwememori kunye nokuphatha iimpazamo, eziphunyezwe kwi-OpenGL kwicala lomqhubi, zihanjiswe kwinqanaba lesicelo kwi-Vulkan.

I-Vulkan igubungela zonke iiplatifomu ezikhoyo kwaye ibonelela nge-API enye yedesktop, iselfowuni, kunye newebhu, ivumela i-API enye eqhelekileyo kwii-GPU ezahlukeneyo kunye neendawo zesicelo. Uyilo lweVulkan oluneeleya ezininzi, oluvumela ukudalwa kwezixhobo ezisebenza nayo nayiphi na i-GPU, luvumela abavelisi behardware ukuba basebenzise izixhobo eziqhelekileyo zokuphonononga ikhowudi, ukulungisa iimpazamo, kunye nokuprofayili ngexesha lophuhliso. Uphuhliso lwe-shader, kukho umboniso omtsha ophakathi ophathwayo (IR) obizwa ngokuba yi-SPIR-V, osekelwe kwi-LLVM kunye nokwabelana ngetekhnoloji eziphambili ne-OpenCL. Ulawulo lwesixhobo kunye nomboniso, iVulkan inikezela nge-interface ye-WSI (Window System Integration), eyenza imisebenzi efanayo ne-EGL kwi-OpenGL ES. Inkxaso ye-WSI iyafumaneka ngaphandle kwebhokisi eWayland—zonke izicelo ezisekelwe kwiVulkan zinokusebenza kwindawo yeseva yeWayland engatshintshwanga. Inkxaso ye-WSI ikwabonelelwa Android, X11 (ene-DRI3), Windows, Tizen, macOS kunye ne-iOS.

umthombo: opennet.ru