Abalawuli bajonge ukunyhashwa kwemithetho ye-antitrust. Sifumanisa ukuba zeziphi izinto ezifunekayo kule meko, kwaye yiyiphi imbono eyenziwa kuluntu ekuphenduleni oko kwenzekayo.
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Ukususela kumbono wabasemagunyeni base-US, i-Facebook, i-Google kunye ne-Amazon ingabizwa ngokuba yi-monopolists ukuya kwelinye iqondo okanye kwelinye. Le yinethiwekhi yoluntu apho bonke abahlobo bahlala khona. Ivenkile ye-intanethi apho unoku-odola naziphi na iimpahla. Kunye nenkonzo yokukhangela eneempendulo kuyo yonke imibuzo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi nkampani kudala ziphepha amatyala amakhulu kulo mba. Ngokubanzi, okwangoku akukho ndlela zibalulekileyo ezinokunciphisa intengiselwano ezifana nokuthengwa kwe-Instagram okanye i-WhatsApp.
Kodwa izimo zengqondo malunga neshishini letekhnoloji ziqala ukutshintsha. Abalawuli base-US kunye nemibutho karhulumente baya beqinisa ngakumbi izikrufu kwiinkampani ezinkulu ze-IT.
Kwenzeka ntoni
Ekuqaleni kweveki, abasemagunyeni babhengeze uphando lokungathembeki kwimisebenzi ye-Facebook, Apple, Google kunye neAmazon. Ngokutsho kweGqwetha Jikelele uWilliam Barr, umsebenzi wabalawuli kukufumanisa ukuba iinkampani ze-IT zisebenzisa kakubi isikhundla sazo esiphezulu kwimarike. Uphando luya kwenziwa yi-Federal Trade Commission (FTC) kunye neSebe lezoBulungisa lase-US, kwaye i-FTC Iqela leengcali ukubeka iliso kwimisebenzi yeenkampani zobuchwepheshe.
Umsebenzi weli qela elisebenzayo sele ubonakala. Ekuqaleni kweveki yeFTC I-Facebook ukuhlawula i-5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngokuphulwa okuhambelana nokuvuza kwedatha yomntu. Ukongezelela, inethiwekhi yoluntu iya kufuneka idale ikomiti ezimeleyo eya kusombulula imiba yangasese ngaphandle kokuthatha inxaxheba kukaMark Zuckerberg.
Ukongeza kwiSebe lezoBulungisa kunye ne-FTC, ikhomishini yeNdlu yabameli base-US yaqala uphando kwiinkampani ze-IT. Phakathi kuJulayi, abaphathi abaphezulu beshishini kwisakhiwo seNkongolo njengenxalenye yenkqubo "yokwaphula iSilicon Valley monopoly."
Zithini izimvo?
Amanyathelo abalawuli axhaswa ngabawi-mthetho. USenator uLindsey Graham uthe ishishini letekhnoloji linamandla amaninzi kunye nethuba elingasikelwanga mda. Wayexhaswa nguDemocrat uRichard Blumenthal. Yena, naye, wayefuna ukuba kuthathwe amanyathelo angqingqwa ngokuchasene ne-IT corporations kwinqanaba le-federal.
Njengomlinganiselo onjalo, eminye imigaqo-nkqubo ukunyanzela i-Facebook ukuba yahlule ulawulo lweenkonzo ezifana ne-Instagram kunye ne-WhatsApp kwinqanaba elisemthethweni. Lo mbono nokuba ngumseki wenethiwekhi yoluntu (UChris Hughes). Ngokoluvo lwakhe, inkampani ineseti enkulu kakhulu yedatha enayo. Akunakwenzeka ukuwalawula kwindawo ephakathi ngelixa kwangaxeshanye unikezela ngezinga eliphezulu lokhuseleko.
Kule ngxelo, uMark Zuckerberg waphendula ukuba ukuhlukana akuyi kunceda ukuxazulula ezi ngxaki. "I-giantism" ye-Facebook, ngokuchaseneyo, inceda inkampani ukuba ityale imali eninzi kukhuseleko lwedatha. Ngokubanzi, le mbono yabelwana ngabameli beGoogle, i-Apple kunye ne-Amazon. Bona ukuba iinkampani zifumene indawo yazo phezulu kwiphiramidi yetekhnoloji kwaye zenza konke ezinako ukuhlala apho.
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Ngaphandle kwenkxaso ebanzi ngokufanelekileyo kumanyathelo eKomishoni yezoRhwebo kunye noMphathiswa wezoBulungisa, kukho uluvo kuluntu ukuba iinkqubo ezintsha aziyi kuphelisa nto. Ngo-2013 imeko efanayo ngokuchasene neGoogle, kodwa inkampani ayizange yohlwaywe. Ngeli xesha imeko inokuthatha indlela eyahlukileyo - njengengxabano, iingcali zikhankanya isohlwayo esele sikhankanyiwe ekhutshwe liqela leFTC, eliye laba lelona likhulu kwimbali ye-bureau.
Yintoni onokuyilindela
Amanyathelo amatsha okuthomalalisa impembelelo yeenkampani ze-IT nawo ayavela eYurophu. Ngoko, ngoAprili walo nyaka, iKhomishini yaseYurophu malunga nenjongo yokuphuhlisa imithetho engqongqo kwiinkampani ezinkulu ze-IT ukwenzela ukuvuselela ukhuphiswano kwimarike.
Ekuqaleni konyaka, iGerman Federal Antimonopoly Service I-Facebook iya kudibanisa idatha yomntu eqokelelwe kwii-apps ezahlukeneyo kwi-pool enye ngaphandle kwemvume yomsebenzisi. Ngokomlawuli, oku kuya kuphucula ukhuseleko lwedatha yomntu. Amanyathelo afanayo yiKhomishini yaseYurophu bambelela kwiAmazon kunye neApple.
Kusenzima ukutsho ukuba iziphumo zezenzo ezinjalo e-United States naseYurophu ziya kukhokelela phi. Kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba baziswe ngaxeshanye - amatyala angaphambili ngokuchasene noGoogle aye aqwalaselwa kwiminyaka eliqela. Ngoko ke, ezi nkqubo zisaza kuqwalaselwa.
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umthombo: www.habr.com