Ngowe-1942, uAlbert Camus wabhala incwadi ethi The Myth of Sisyphus. Imalunga nomba wentanda-bulumko obaluleke ngokwenene: Xa sijonga iimeko zobukho bethu, akufuneki sisuke sizibulale? Nantsi impendulo:
ICamus ichaza kuqala ezo zihlandlo kubomi bethu xa iimbono zethu malunga nehlabathi ziye zayeka ukusebenza ngesiquphe, xa zonke iinzame zethu zibonakala zingenantsingiselo, kuquka nesiqhelo semihla ngemihla (umsebenzi-umsebenzi wasekhaya). Xa ngequbuliso uziva ngathi ungowasemzini kwaye unqunyulwe kweli hlabathi.
Kwezi zihlandlo zoyikeka, sibona ngokucacileyo ububhanxa bobomi.
Isizathu + ihlabathi elingenangqiqo = Ubomi obungenangqondo
Obu buntununtunu bungenangqiqo sisiphumo songquzulwano. Kwelinye icala, senza izicwangciso ezisengqiqweni ngobomi, yaye kwelinye icala, sijamelene nehlabathi elingalindelekanga elingavisisaniyo neengcamango zethu.
Yintoni ke into engekho ngqiqweni? Ukuba nengqiqo kwihlabathi elingenangqiqo.
Le yeyona mpixano iphambili. Xa iimbono zethu ezinengqondo malunga nehlabathi zingqubana nenyani, siye sibe noxinzelelo.
Eyona ngxaki ibalulekileyo kukuba sinokubiza ngokukhuselekileyo izimvo zethu malunga nehlabathi βngonaphakade,β kodwa kwangaxeshanye siyazi ukuba ixesha lethu lobomi lilinganiselwe. Sonke siyafa. Ewe, nawe.
Ngoko ke, ukuba isizathu kunye nehlabathi elingenangqondo zizinto eziphambili, ngoko "sinokopela" kwaye siphephe ingxaki yezinto ezingenangqondo ngokususa nje enye yamacandelo amabini, njengoko uCamus ephikisana.
Ukukhanyela kwihlabathi elingenangqiqo
Enye indlela kukukubetha ngoyaba ukungabi nantsingiselo kobukho bethu. Nangona ubungqina obucacileyo, sinokuzenza ngathi yonke into izinzile kwaye iphila ngokuhambelana neenjongo ezikude (umhlalaphantsi, ukufumanisa okubalulekileyo, emva kokufa, inkqubela phambili yomntu, njl.). UCamus uthi ukuba senza oku, asiyi kukwazi ukwenza ngokukhululekileyo, ekubeni izenzo zethu zidibene nezi zicwangciso ezingunaphakade, ezihlala zigwetyelwe ukuphahlazeka ematyeni ehlabathi elingenangqiqo.
Ngokwale mbono, ukubambelela kwiimodeli zethu ezinengqiqo kuya kuba yinto engekho. Besiya kunyanzelwa ukuba siphile ngokukhanyela, bekuya kufuneka sikholwe nje.
Ukurhoxiswa kwezizathu ezinengqiqo
Isicwangciso sesibini sokuphepha ukungabi nangqiqo kukulahla ukucinga. UCamus ukhankanya iinguqu ezahlukeneyo zesi sicwangciso. Ubhekisela kwiintanda-bulumko ezithi ukuqiqa kusisixhobo esingenamsebenzi (Shestow, Jaspers) okanye ezithi eli hlabathi lilandela ingqiqo yobuthixo abantu abangenako ukuyiqonda (iKierkegaard).
Zombini iindlela azamkelekanga kwiCamus. Ubiza naliphi na iqhinga lokutyeshela ingxaki yobudenge βngokuzibulala kwentanda-bulumko.β
Imvukelo, inkululeko kunye nomdla
Ukuba "ukuzibulala ngokwentanda-bulumko" akuyondlela yokuzikhethela, kuthekani ngokuzibulala kokwenene? I-Camus ayinakuthethelela ukuzibulala ngokwembono yefilosofi. Ukuzibulala kuya kuba sisenzo esikhulu sokwamkelwa-siya kwamkela ukuchasana phakathi kwengqondo yethu yomntu kunye nehlabathi elingenangqiqo. Kwaye ukuzibulala egameni lengqiqo akukho ngqiqweni ngokupheleleyo.
Endaweni yoko, uCamus ucebisa ukwenza oku kulandelayo:
1. I-revolution eqhubekayo: kufuneka sihlale sivukela iimeko zobukho bethu kwaye ngoko singavumeli ukuba kufe into engekho ngqiqweni. Asifanele sikwamkele ukoyiswa, kwanakwidabi lokulwa nokufa, nangona sisazi ukuba akunakuphepheka ekuhambeni kwexesha. Imvukelo ethe rhoqo kuphela kwendlela yokuba yinxalenye yeli hlabathi.
2. Yigatye inkululeko engunaphakade: Kunokuba sibe ngamakhoboka eepatheni ezingunaphakade, simele siphulaphule ilizwi lokuqiqa, kodwa sikulumkele ukulinganiselwa kwalo size silisebenzise ngokuguquguqukayo kwimeko yangoku. Ngokulula: kufuneka sifumane inkululeko apha kwaye ngoku, kwaye singabi nethemba ngonaphakade.
3. Umdla. Into ebaluleke kakhulu kukuba sihlala sinomdla wobomi, kufuneka sithande yonke into ekuyo kwaye sizame ukuphila kungekhona ngokusemandleni, kodwa ngokusemandleni.
Umntu ongenangqondo uyazi malunga nokufa kwakhe, kodwa akakakwamkeli, uyazi malunga nokusikelwa umda kokuqiqa kwakhe, kodwa usakuxabisa. Ukufumana amava obomi, ufumana ulonwabo kunye neentlungu, kodwa usazama ukufumana amava amaninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka
UbuGcisa obungenangqondo-Ukudala ngaphandle kwento efana ne "ngomso"
U-Albert Camus unikezela inxalenye yesithathu kumculi owaziyo ngokupheleleyo okungenangqondo. Umzobi onjalo akasoze azame ukuchaza okanye ukuqinisa iingcamango ezingaphelelwa lixesha okanye azame kanzima ukwakha ilifa eliya kumelana novavanyo lwexesha. Ezi zenzo zikhanyela ubume behlabathi obungekho ngqiqweni.
Endaweni yoko, uthanda igcisa elingenangqondo elihlala kwaye lidala okwangoku. Akabotshelelwanga kwingcamango nje enye. UnguDon Juan weengcamango, ulungele ukuyeka umsebenzi kuyo nayiphi na imizobo ukuze uchithe ubusuku obunye nomnye. Ngaphandle, le nzame ibuhlungu ukuya kwinto ehlala ixesha elifutshane ibonakala ingenanjongo-kwaye yiyo yonke loo nto! Ukubonakaliswa kobugcisa kuqala apho ingqondo iphela khona.
Kutheni uSisyphus engumntu owonwabileyo?
Sonke siyazi ibali lamandulo lamaGrike malunga noSisyphus, owavukela oothixo kwaye ngoko wohlwaywa. Wagwetyelwa ukutyhala ilitye endulini, ukuze nje alibukele liqengqeleka ezantsi aze azame ukuliphakamisa kwakhona. Kwaye kwakhona. Kwaye njalo ngonaphakade.
UCamus uqukumbela incwadi yakhe ngengxelo emangalisayo, enesibindi:
Ufanele ucinge ukuba uSisyphus onwabile.
Uthi uSisyphus ungumzekelo ofanelekileyo kuthi ngenxa yokuba akakhohlisi ngemeko yakhe engenantsingiselo ukanti uvukela iimeko zakhe. Ngalo lonke ixesha ilitye liqengqeleka eliweni kwakhona, uSisyphus wenza isigqibo sokuzama kwakhona. Uhlala etyhala eli litye kwaye avume ukuba le yeyona ngongoma yobukho: ukuba uphile ngokwenene, ukuqhubeka nokutyhala.
umthombo: www.habr.com