Ukukhutshwa kokusasazwa kweFedora Linux 42

Ukukhutshwa kokusasazwa kweFedora kubhengezwe Linux I-Fedora Workstation, i-Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop, i-Fedora Server, i-Fedora IoT, i-Fedora CoreOS, i-Fedora Cloud Base, i-Fedora IoT Edition, i-Fedora Silverblue, i-Fedora Kinoite, kunye ne-Live builds ziyafumaneka ukuze zikhutshelwe. Ezi zakhiwo ziyafumaneka kwi-architectures ze-x86_64, i-Power64, kunye ne-ARM64 (AAArch64).

Utshintsho olubaluleke kakhulu kwiFedora Linux 42:

• Ulwakhiwo lwe-Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop lufumene iwonga lohlelo olusisiseko losasazo, ngokufanayo ngokwemigaqo yenkxaso kwi-Fedora Workstation. Ngoko ke, i-GNOME kunye ne KDE ukwahluka konikezelo ngoku zinemo efanayo kwaye zinikezelwe kunyawo olulinganayo. Imiba ethile enzulu ye-KDE ngoku iya kuqwalaselwa ngokukhulula-ithintelo, kanye njengokuba imiba enzulu kwi-GNOME ibikhutshiwe ngaphambili. Ukongeza, iFedora KDE Plasma Desktop yongeza inkxaso yolwakhiwo lwaMandla (ppc64le), enikezela ngespaki sesicelo esipheleleyo se KDE, ukuquka i KDE PIM. Kwiinkqubo zeOpenPOWER ezifana neTalos Workstation, Live ukwakha kwe KDE ziyafumaneka ukuba ufakelo lwenkxaso.
• I-Spin esemthethweni eyongeziweyo yokwakha yosasazo kunye nemekobume ye-desktop ye-COSMIC, ephuhliswe yi-System76 ngolwimi lwe-Rust. I-COSMIC ibonelela ngokufaka iithayile zefestile ezixubileyo kunye nokupakishwa kwefestile (ukwenza amaqela efestile okufana nemigca yomkhangeli zincwadi) iindlela ezinokuthi zenziwe ngokudityaniswa nedesktop enenyani.
• Idesktop ekwiFedora Workstation iye yahlaziywa kwisebe le-GNOME 48. Iidesktops ze-Xfce 4.20 kunye ne-LXQt 2.1 zihlaziyiwe.
• I-Fedora Workstation isebenzisa inguqulelo entsha ye-Anaconda installer ngokuzenzekelayo, ethatha indawo ye-GTK-based interface nge-web interface. I-web interface yakhiwe kusetyenziswa i-React JavaScript framework, izinto zoyilo lwePatternFly, kunye nezinto ezivela kwiprojekthi yeCockpit, esele isetyenziswa kwiimveliso zeRed Hat zokumisela kunye ulawulo lwesevaEndaweni yesikrini esiphambili esinoluhlu lwezenzo, ujongano olutsha lune-interface esekwe kwi-wizard, evumela abasebenzisi ukuba bagqibezele amanyathelo athile ngokulandelelana ngaphandle kokubuyela kwisikrini esiphambili. Ujongano lwewebhu luvumela ukusebenzisana nge-web browser ukuze kulawulwe kude iyunithi.

  Ujongano olucetywayo alunangxaki kwaye luyaqondakala ngakumbi kubasebenzisi be-novice. Njengokhetho olusisiseko, kucetywayo ukuba kusetyenziswe imowudi yokwahlula idisk ezenzekelayo (ekhokelwayo), apho umfaki ngokwawo ekhetha iiparamitha zokudala okanye zokutshintsha izahlulelo ezisekelwe kwizicwangciso ezikhethiweyo ngumsebenzisi. Ukhetho longeziwe lokufakela kwakhona unikezelo (umzekelo, ukubuyisela ukusebenza ukuba ezinye iifayile zesixokelelwano zonakalisiwe), kunye nokukwazi ukufaka kwimowudi yokuqalisa kabini ukusebenzisa iindlela ezininzi zokusebenza kwikhompyuter enye.
• Isifakeli se-Anaconda sakudala sitshintshiwe ukuba sisebenzise i-protocol ye-Wayland, ethe yasusa ukuxhomekeka okunxulumene ne-X11 kwimidiya yokufakela. Inkqubo yokufaka ekude isusiwe kumthengi we-TigerVNC VNC ukuya kwisicelo se-grd (i-Gnome Remote Desktop), esebenzisa iprotocol ye-RDP. Ngokungagqibekanga, ulwahlulo lwe-GPT luvulwe kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezixhaswayo.
• Imixholo ye/usr/bin kunye/usr/sbin abalawuli baye badityaniswa. I/usr/sbin directory itshintshwe ngekhonkco elingumfuziselo elikhomba ku/usr/bin. Ukwahlula iifayile eziphunyeziweyo kumgqomo kunye nezalathisi ze-sbin kuthathwa njengento yakudala ephulukene nentsingiselo yayo kunikezelo lwangoku. Ukudityaniswa komgqomo kunye ne-sbin kuya kwenza lula umsebenzi wabagcini bephakheji, abangayi kufuneka baqikelele ukuba loluphi ulawulo lokubeka ifayile ephunyezwayo; iya kwenza inkqubo iqikeleleke ngakumbi kwaye iqondeke kubasebenzisi; iya kwandisa ukuhambelana nolunye unikezelo; izakunciphisa inani lokhangelo lukavimba weefayili xa usenza ieecvp() kunye neefowuni ezifanayo.
• Amaqela amatsha i-flatpak kunye ne-dikamadmin yongezwe ukubonelela abasebenzisi abangenanto yokufikelela kwimisebenzi yokulawula iipakethi zenkqubo kwifomathi yeFlatpak kunye nokugcinwa kwangaphandle. Utshintsho lwaphelisa isidingo sokongeza umsebenzisi kwiqela levili, okt. ikuvumela ukuba usebenze ngeflatpak kunye needrive zangaphandle ngaphandle kokubonelela ngokufikelela kweminye imisebenzi yolawulo. Kubasebenzisi abakwiqela lamavili, ukukwazi ukuvula (LUKS) kunye nokunyusa iidrives zangaphandle ngaphandle kokucela igama lokugqitha kubonelelwe.
• Kuvumelekile ukubandakanya ulwahlulo olongezelelweyo olunokuphunyezwa kwiipakethi, ezakhiwe ngokulungiswa kwe-x86-64-v2, x86-64-v3, kunye ne-x86-64-v4 microarchitectures. Kwiimeko ezininzi, inzuzo yokusebenza ngexesha lokuhlanganisana kwezo zakhiwo ayidluli i-10%, kodwa kwezinye iimeko ikhokelela ekunyuseni okubonakalayo ekusebenzeni (ukuya kwi-120%). Isigqibo sokongeza izinto eziphunyeziweyo ezongezelelweyo zenziwa ngabagcini, kuxhomekeke kwiziphumo zovavanyo lwentsebenzo yeepakethe ezithile.
• Ulwakhiwo oluphilayo losasazo olusebenzisa umfanekiso wenkqubo kwimowudi yokufunda kuphela itshintshiwe ukusuka kwiSquashFS ukuya kwisixokelelwano sefayile yeEROFS. Izizathu ezikhankanyiweyo zokuhamba ziquka uphuhliso olusebenzayo lwe-EROFS (ukukhutshwa kokugqibela kwezixhobo ze-SquashFS kwakusentwasahlobo ye-2023) kunye nobukho beempawu eziphambili kwi-EROFS ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kwixesha elizayo. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-SquashFS, i-EROFS inezinga loxinzelelo olubi kakhulu (ubungakanani bomfanekiso yi-2.7 GiB kwi-EROFS ngokuchasene ne-2.0 GiB kwi-SquashFS xa usebenzisa i-algorithm yoxinzelelo lwe-XZ kunye ne-3.9 GiB xa usebenzisa i-LZ3.1), kodwa inesantya esiphezulu sokufikelela kwi-random kunye ne-throughput (4 MisB7.1 kwi-EFS 5.0 ye-Squash / s) .30.9 MiB/s xa ithelekiswa ne-26.3 MiB/s ye-LZ4).
• I-Fedora Atomic Desktops, ezifana neFedora Silverblue (GNOME), Fedora Kinoite (KDE), Fedora Sway Atomic, kunye neFedora Budgie Atomic, zifudukele kwindlela yefayile yeComposefs ngokungagqibekanga, zivumela ezi zakha ukuba zisebenzise ulwahlulo lweengcambu zokufunda kuphela kwaye luqhubele phambili wenze uqinisekiso lwengqibelelo ngexesha lenkqubo yokukhangela. Izahlulo ze/etc kunye/var ziyaqhubeka ukunyuswa ezibhalekayo. Inkqubo yefayile yeComposefs iphunyezwa njenge-add-on kwi-OverlayFS kunye neenkqubo zefayile ze-EROFS esele zikhona kwi-kernel, kwaye ilungiselelwe ukugcinwa ngokudibeneyo okusebenzayo kwemixholo yemifanekiso emininzi yedisk enyusiweyo.
• Kuhlelo lweFedora Kinoite (uhlaziyo lweatom olwahlukileyo nge KDE), uhlaziyo oluzenzekelayo lwenziwe ngokungagqibekanga.
• Kubonelelwa ngezakhiwo ezisemthethweni zeFedora zenkqubo engaphantsi yeWSL (Windows Inkqubo esezantsi ye Linux), eziqukwe kuluhlu Linux-ukusasazwa okunikezelwayo ukuze kufakelwe ngokukhawuleza kwi-WSL. Ulwakhiwo lwenziwe ngefomathi entsha, ekuvumela ukuba usasaze usasazo oluvela kweyakho abancedisi ngaphandle kokulayisha kwikhathalogu yeMicrosoft Store, ngaphandle kokupakisha kwifomathi ye-appx kwaye ngaphandle kokubeka ikhowudi ethile kwindibano Windows.
• Isebe elitsha lethala leencwadi lemultimedia leSDL lisetyenziswa kwi-SDL-based applications, iWayland protocol isetyenziswa ngokungagqibekanga. Amathala eencwadi eSDL 3 athatyathelw’ indawo yi-sdl2-compat layer, ehamba phezu kwe-SDL 2.
• Umphathi wephakheji ye-DNF5 ngoku uxhasa ukucima izitshixo zokugcina ze-PGP eziphelelwe lixesha okanye eziphelelwe lixesha kwinkqubo, ivumela ulawulo olungundoqo oluzenzekelayo xa ufaka kunye nokuhlaziya iinkqubo.
• Umphathi wephakheji ye-RPM ngoku uxhasa ukudala abasebenzisi kunye namaqela asekwe kwiifayile zoqwalaselo ezinikezelweyo ezibekwe kulawulo lwe-Sysusers.d olusetyenziswa yi-systemd.
• Yongezwe ijenereyitha yokuxhomekeka kwizandiso zeShell ze-GNOME, ekuvumela ukuba udibanise iipakethe ze-rpm kunye nezandiso kwiinguqulelo ze-GNOME Shell.
• I-DNF kunye ne-RPM ine "Kopisha kwi-Bhala" imo enikwe amandla ngokungagqibekanga, iphunyezwe ngokusebenzisa i-reflink kwi-Btrfs.
• Iinguqulelo zepakethe ezihlaziyiweyo: LLVM 20, GCC 15-test, binutils 2.44, glibc 2.41, gdb 15, Go 1.24, Tcl/Tk 9.0, Ruby 3.4, Zlib-ng 2.2.x, Setuptools 74.x5, 11, Django. 8.4.
• I-emulator ye-FEX yongezwe kwindawo yokugcina izakhiwo ze-AArch64, ekuvumela ukuba usebenzise izinto eziphunyeziweyo ezakhelwe i-x86 kunye ne-x86-64 ye-architectures kwindawo ye-ARM64 (AArch64). Amalungu asekwe kwi-FEX ekuqhutyweni kweenkqubo ze-x86 zidityanisiwe kwi-Fedora yakha nemeko-bume yedesktop ye-KDE.
• Inkxaso eyandisiweyo yeekhamera zewebhu kunye ne-MIPI (i-Mobile Industry Processor Interface) i-interface, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwii-laptops kunye neetafile endaweni ye-UVC (iKlasi yeVidiyo ye-USB).
• Inkxaso eyongeziweyo ye-virtual memory encryption usebenzisa i-AMD SEV-SNP kunye ne-Intel TDX technologies.
• Imipakethe esebenzisa kuphela i-git yokubini iye yasiwa kwikhonkco elichasene nokuxhomekeka kwe-git-core kune-git epheleleyo.
• Isikrini se-Plymouth boot splash sitshintshiwe ukuba sisebenzise imodyuli ye-kernel elula, ukususa isidingo sokulinda umqhubi weGPU ukuba aqalise.
• Kwi-Firewalld, kwindawo yokusebenzela yakhela i-IPv6, imowudi ye-rpfilter (Isihluzi seNdlela eReverse) yenziwe ngokungagqibekanga ngokuthi "ikhululekile" endaweni yokuthi "ngqongqo".

Kwi-Fedora 42, ii-repositories "zamahhala" kunye ne "nonfree" zeprojekthi ye-RPM Fusion ziye zaqaliswa, eziqulethe iipakethi ezinezicelo ezongezelelweyo ze-multimedia (MPlayer, VLC, Xine), ii-codecs zevidiyo / ezivakalayo, inkxaso ye-DVD, i-AMD kunye nabaqhubi be-NVIDIA, iinkqubo zemidlalo kunye ne-emulators.

I-Fedora Asahi Remix 42, usasazo oluyilelwe ukufakelwa kwiikhompyutha zeMac ezixhotyiswe ngeetships ze-ARM ezenziwe yi-Apple, lukhutshwe ngaxeshanye. I-Fedora Asahi Remix 42 isekelwe kwisiseko sephakheji ye-Fedora. Linux 42 kwaye ibandakanya umfaki weCalamares. Ixhasa iinkqubo zeApple MacBook Air, MacBook Pro, Mac Mini, Mac Studio, kunye ne-iMac ezixhotyiswe ngeetships zeApple M1 kunye neM2 ARM.

I-Fedora Asahi ixhasa ngokupheleleyo i-audio yekhompyutheni ye-Apple, ikhamera, i-Wi-Fi, iBluetooth, izixhobo zokufaka, i-USB Type C (i-USB 3.0), kunye ne-MagSafe yokutshaja okungenazintambo. Ayikaxhaswa: I-USB-C, iThunderbolt/USB4 uqhagamshelo lokubonisa, imakrofoni, kunye ne-ID ye-Touch. Abaqhubi bemizobo baxhasa i-OpenGL 4.6, i-OpenGL ES 3.2 kunye neVulkan 1.4. Ukuqhuba izicelo ezidityaniselwe iisistim ze-x86_64, i-muvm toolkit kunye ne-emulation layer esekelwe kwiphakheji ye-FEX iyasetyenziswa.

umthombo: opennet.ru