ืคึผืึธืจื˜ืจืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืกืกื™ืขื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“. ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ืคืืงื˜ืŸ

ื“ื™ hh.ru ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ MADE ื‘ื™ื’ ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืึทืงืึทื“ืขืžื™ ืคื•ืŸ Mail.ru ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจื˜ืจืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืžื•ืžื›ืข ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“. ื ืึธืš ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ 8 ื˜ื•ื™ื–ื ื˜ ืจืขื–ืึทืžื™ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืกื™ื™ืึทื ื˜ื™ืก ืื•ืŸ 5,5 ื˜ื•ื™ื–ื ื˜ ืขืžืคึผืœื•ื™ื™ื– ื•ื•ืึทืงืึทื ืกื™ืขืก, ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขืคื•ื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื• ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜, ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืœื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทืžืžื™ื ื’ ืฉืคึผืจืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืจืขื“ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืคื™ืœืข ืึทืงืึทื“ืขืžื™ืง ื“ื™ื’ืจื™ื– ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ.

ืคึผืึธืจื˜ืจืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืกืกื™ืขื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“. ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ืคืืงื˜ืŸ

ืคืึธื“ืขืจื•ื ื’

ื–ื™ื ื˜ 2015, ื“ื™ ื ื•ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ ืื™ื– ืงืขืกื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจืึธื•ื™ื ื’. ืื™ืŸ 2018, ื“ื™ ื ื•ืžืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืงืึทื ืกื™ืขืก ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ื›ืขื“ื™ื ื’ ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืกืกื™ืขื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืงืกืŸ 7 ืžืืœ ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจื“ ืžื™ื˜ 2015, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืงืึทื ืกื™ืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื˜ืขืจืžื™ื ืขืŸ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ืžื•ืžื›ืข ื’ืขื•ื•ืืงืกืŸ 5 ืžืืœ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื”ืขืœืคื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 2019, ื“ื™ ืคืึธื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ ืึทืžืึทื•ื ื™ื“ ืฆื• 65% ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึธื“ืขืจื•ื ื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข 2018.

ืคึผืึธืจื˜ืจืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืกืกื™ืขื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“. ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ืคืืงื˜ืŸ

ื“ืขืžืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™

ืžืขืจืกื˜ื ืก ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืš; ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืกื™ื™ืึทื ื˜ื™ืก ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ืื™ื– 81%. ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื”ืึทืœื‘ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ื•ื›ืŸ ื“ื–ืฉืึธื‘ืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ ืึทืœื˜ 25-34 ื™ืึธืจ. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืง ืคืจื•ื™ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืึทืš - 19%. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื˜ืฉื™ืงืึทื•ื•ืข ืึทื– ื™ื•ื ื’ ื’ืขืจืœื– ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื–ืŸ ืžืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜. ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืจืขื–ืึทืžื™ื™ื–, ื›ึผืžืขื˜ 40% ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืจืœื– ืึทืœื˜ 18-24 ื™ืืจ.

ืคึผืึธืจื˜ืจืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืกืกื™ืขื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“. ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ืคืืงื˜ืŸ
ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืจืขื–ืึทืžื™ื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข ืึทืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื ืฅ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ - ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– 3% ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืกื™ื™ืึทื ื˜ื™ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ 45 ื™ืึธืจ ืึทืœื˜. ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื˜ ืขืกื˜ืึทืžืึทืฅ, ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช: ืคื™ืจืกื˜ื ืก, ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืง ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข ืคืืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืขืจืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื ืก, ืึทืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื ืฅ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืขืจ ืžืกืชึผืžื ืฆื• ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืจืขื–ืึทืžื™ื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื–ื•ื›ืŸ ืจืขืกื•ืจืกืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืจ ืึธืคื˜ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ื ืขืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืจืขืงืึทืžืึทื ื“ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– .

ืคึผืึธืจื˜ืจืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืกืกื™ืขื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“. ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ืคืืงื˜ืŸ

ื“ื™ืกืœืึธื•ืงื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ

ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื”ืขืœืคื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืึทืงืึทื ืกื™ืขืก (60%) ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื ืฅ (64%) ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืœื™ื’ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข. ืื•ื™ืš, ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืึธื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกื˜ ืคืขื˜ืขืจื‘ื•ืจื’, ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืึธื•ื•ืึธืกื™ื‘ื™ืจืกืง ืื•ืŸ ืกื•ื•ืขืจื“ืœืึธื•ื•ืกืง ื’ืขื’ื ื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืขืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืึทื˜ืึทืจืกื˜ืึทืŸ.

ืคึผืึธืจื˜ืจืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืกืกื™ืขื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“. ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ืคืืงื˜ืŸ

ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ื ื’

9 ืคื•ืŸ 10 ืคึผืจืึธืคืขืกืกื™ืึธื ืึทืœืก ื–ื•ื›ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ื–ืฉืึธื‘ืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืงืึธืœืขื’ืข ื’ืจืึทื“. ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืึทื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜ืŸ, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืคึผืจืึธืคึผืึธืจืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื™ืขื ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคืึธืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ืฆื• ืึทื ื˜ื•ื•ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขืจืื˜ืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทืŸ ืึทืงืึทื“ืขืžื™ืง ื’ืจืึทื“: 8% ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืงืึทื ื“ื™ื“ืึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ื’ืจืึทื“, 1% ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึธืงื˜ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ื’ืจืึทื“.

ืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ ื–ื•ื›ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืขืœื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืืœื’ืขื ื“ืข ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜ืŸ: MSTU ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ืกืŸ ื ืึธืš N.E. ื‘ืึทื•ืžืึทืŸ, ืžืึธืกืงื•ื•ืข ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜. ืž.ื•ื•. ืœืึธืžืึธื ืึธืกืึธื•ื•, ืžื™ืคึผื˜, ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ืฉื•ืœืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืขืงืึธื ืึธืžื™ืง, ืกื˜ ืคืขื˜ืขืจื‘ื•ืจื’ ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜, ืกื˜ ืคืขื˜ืขืจื‘ื•ืจื’ ืคึผืึทืœื™ื˜ืขืงื ื™ืง ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜, ืคื™ื ืึทื ืฆื™ืขืœ ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืจืขื’ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื•ืกื™ืฉืข ืคืขื“ืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ื ืกื•, ืงืคื•. ืขืžืคึผืœื•ื™ืขืจืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ึท ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกื™ื˜ืขื˜ืŸ.

43% ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ ื‘ืืžืขืจืงื˜ ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ืึทื“ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืฆื• ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ื ื’ ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืœืคึผื—ื•ืช ืื™ื™ืŸ ื ืึธืš ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ื ื’. ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ืึธื ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืจืกืึทื– ื“ืขืจืžืื ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืจืขื–ืึทืžื™ื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืึทื ืึทืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืก ืื•ื™ืฃ Coursera.

ืคึผืึธืจื˜ืจืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืกืกื™ืขื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“. ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ืคืืงื˜ืŸ

ืคืึธืœืงืก ืกืงื™ืœืœืก

ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ืกืœ ืกืงื™ืœื– ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ืกื™ื™ืึทื ื˜ื™ืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืจืขื–ืึทืžื™ื™ื– ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผื™ื˜ื”ืึธืŸ (74%), ืกืงืœ (45%), ื’ื™ื˜ (25%), ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืึทื ืึทืœื™ืกื™ืก (24%) ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืžื™ื ื™ื ื’ (22%). ื“ื™ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืขืงืกืคึผืขืจื˜ื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทืฉื™ืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืจืขื–ืึทืžื™ื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทื”ืึทื•ื•ื ื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ื ื•ืงืก ืื•ืŸ C ++. ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืคืึธืœืงืก ืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทืžืžื™ื ื’ ืฉืคืจืึทื›ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ: Python, C ++, Java, C #, JavaScript.

ืคึผืึธืจื˜ืจืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืกืกื™ืขื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“. ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ืคืืงื˜ืŸ

ื•ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื™ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ

ืขืžืคึผืœื•ื™ืขืจืก ื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืกื ืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ ืกืคึผืขืฉืึทืœืึทืกืฅ ื–ืึธืœ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคื•ืœ-ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ืึธืคื™ืก. 86% ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืขื“ ื•ื•ืึทืงืึทื ืกื™ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืœ-ืฆื™ื™ื˜, 9% ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคืœืขืงืกืึทื‘ืึทืœ, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– 5% ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืงืึทื ืกื™ืขืก ืคืึธืจืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜.

ืคึผืึธืจื˜ืจืขื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทื˜ืึท ืกืกื™ืขื ื˜ื™ืกื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“. ื ืึธืจ ื“ื™ ืคืืงื˜ืŸ
ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืฆื•ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื“ืขื ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ, ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืึทื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ื•ึผืงืก ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืงืึทื ืกื™ืขืก, ื’ืขืฆืึธืœื˜ ืจืขืงื•ื•ื™ืจืขืžืขื ืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ืขืžืคึผืœื•ื™ืขืจืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืคึผืœื™ืงืึทื ืฅ, ืึทืจื™ื™ึทื ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ hh.ru ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 1 ื”ืขืœืคื˜ ืคื•ืŸ 2019, ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืคืึธืจืฉื•ื ื’ ื“ื™ื ืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ HeadHunter ืคื™ืจืžืข.

ืžืงื•ืจ: www.habr.com

ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’