Hōʻike kēia ʻatikala i ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana i kahi pāʻani hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻomanaʻo maʻalahi aʻu i makemake nui ai. Ma waho aʻe o ka maikaʻi iā ia iho, e aʻo hou ʻoe e pili ana i nā papa Swift a me nā protocols i kou hele ʻana. Akā ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana, e hoʻomaopopo kākou i ka pāʻani ponoʻī.
Hoʻomaopopo mākou iā ʻoe: no ka poʻe heluhelu a pau o "Habr" - kahi ho'ēmi o 10 rubles i ka wā e kākau inoa ai i kekahi papa Skillbox e hoʻohana ana i ka code promotional "Habr".
Manaʻo ʻo Skillbox: Papa hoʻonaʻauao pūnaewele .
Pehea e pāʻani ai i ka Memory Card
Hoʻomaka ka pāʻani me kahi hōʻikeʻike o kahi hoʻonohonoho kāleka. Moe ke alo i lalo (e like me ke kiʻi i lalo). Ke kaomi ʻoe i kekahi, wehe ke kiʻi no kekahi mau kekona.
ʻO ka hana a ka mea pāʻani ke ʻimi i nā kāleka āpau me nā kiʻi like. Inā, ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i ke kāleka mua, hoʻohuli ʻoe i ka lua a paʻa nā kiʻi, e wehe mau nā kāleka ʻelua. Inā like ʻole lākou, pani hou ʻia nā kāleka. ʻO ka pahuhopu e wehe i nā mea a pau.
Papahana papahana
No ka hana ʻana i kahi mana maʻalahi o kēia pāʻani, pono ʻoe i kēia mau ʻāpana:
- Hoʻokahi Mana Mana: GameController.swift.
- Hoʻokahi Nānā: CardCell.swift.
- ʻElua mau hiʻohiʻona: MemoryGame.swift a me Card.swift.
- Main.storyboard e hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pūʻulu holoʻokoʻa.
Hoʻomaka mākou me ka mea maʻalahi o ka pāʻani, nā kāleka.
Kāleka.swift
ʻEkolu mau waiwai o ke kŘkohu kāleka: id no ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēlā me kēia mea, kahi hoʻololi boolean i hōʻike ʻia e kuhikuhi i ke kūlana o ke kāleka (huna a hāmama paha), a me artworkURL no nā kiʻi ma nā kāleka.
class Card {
var id: String
var shown: Bool = false
var artworkURL: UIImage!
}Pono ʻoe i kēia mau ala e hoʻomalu i ka pilina o nā mea hoʻohana me nā palapala ʻāina:
Ke ala no ka hōʻike ʻana i ke kiʻi ma ke kāleka. Maʻaneʻi mākou e hoʻihoʻi i nā waiwai āpau i ka paʻamau. No ka id, hana mākou i kahi id maʻamau ma ke kāhea ʻana iā NSUUIS().uuidString.
init(image: UIImage) {
self.id = NSUUID().uuidString
self.shown = false
self.artworkURL = image
}Ke ala no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā kāleka ID.
func equals(_ card: Card) -> Bool {
return (card.id == id)
}Ke ala e hana ai i kope o kēlā me kēia kāleka - i mea e loaʻa ai ka nui o nā mea like. E hoʻihoʻi kēia ʻano i ke kāleka me nā waiwai like.
func copy() -> Card {
return Card(card: self)
}
init(card: Card) {
self.id = card.id
self.shown = card.shown
self.artworkURL = card.artworkURL
}A pono hoʻokahi ala hou e hoʻopaʻa i nā kāleka i ka hoʻomaka. E hoʻonui mākou i ka papa Array.
extension Array {
mutating func shuffle() {
for _ in 0...self.count {
sort { (_,_) in arc4random() < arc4random() }
}
}
}A eia ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke code no ke ʻano Kāleka me nā waiwai a me nā ʻano hana.
class Card {
var id: String
var shown: Bool = false
var artworkURL: UIImage!
static var allCards = [Card]()
init(card: Card) {
self.id = card.id
self.shown = card.shown
self.artworkURL = card.artworkURL
}
init(image: UIImage) {
self.id = NSUUID().uuidString
self.shown = false
self.artworkURL = image
}
func equals(_ card: Card) -> Bool {
return (card.id == id)
}
func copy() -> Card {
return Card(card: self)
}
}
extension Array {
mutating func shuffle() {
for _ in 0...self.count {
sort { (_,_) in arc4random() < arc4random() }
}
}
}Hele i mua.
ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike ʻelua ʻo MemoryGame, ma ʻaneʻi mākou i hoʻonohonoho i kahi pahu 4 * 4. E loaʻa i ke kŘkohu nā waiwai e like me nā kāleka (kahi ʻano o nā kāleka ma ka mānoanoa), kahi kāleka hōʻike ʻia me nā kāleka i wehe mua ʻia, a me kahi hoʻololi boolean isPlaying e nānā i ke kūlana o ka pāʻani.
class MemoryGame {
var cards:[Card] = [Card]()
var cardsShown:[Card] = [Card]()
var isPlaying: Bool = false
}Pono pū mākou e hoʻomohala i nā ʻano e hoʻomalu i ka pilina o nā mea hoʻohana me ka pā.
ʻO ke ʻano e hoʻokaʻawale i nā kāleka i loko o kahi pā.
func shuffleCards(cards:[Card]) -> [Card] {
var randomCards = cards
randomCards.shuffle()
return randomCards
}Ke ala no ka hana ʻana i kahi pāʻani hou. Maanei mākou e kāhea ai i ke ala mua e hoʻomaka ai i ka hoʻonohonoho mua a hoʻomaka i ka ʻano hoʻololi isPlaying i ʻoiaʻiʻo.
func newGame(cardsArray:[Card]) -> [Card] {
cards = shuffleCards(cards: cardsArray)
isPlaying = true
return cards
}Inā makemake mākou e hoʻomaka hou i ka pāʻani, a laila hoʻonoho mākou i ka ʻokoʻa isPlaying i ka wahaheʻe a wehe i ka hoʻonohonoho mua o nā kāleka.
func restartGame() {
isPlaying = false
cards.removeAll()
cardsShown.removeAll()
}Ke ala no ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā kāleka kaomi. E pili ana iā ia ma hope.
func cardAtIndex(_ index: Int) -> Card? {
if cards.count > index {
return cards[index]
} else {
return nil
}
}He ala e hoʻihoʻi i ke kūlana o kahi kāleka kikoʻī.
func indexForCard(_ card: Card) -> Int? {
for index in 0...cards.count-1 {
if card === cards[index] {
return index
}
}
return nil
}Ke nānā nei i ka hoʻokō ʻana o ke kāleka i koho ʻia me ka maʻamau.
func unmatchedCardShown() -> Bool {
return cardsShown.count % 2 != 0
}Heluhelu kēia ʻano hana i ka mea hope loa i ka hui **cardsShown** a hoʻihoʻi i ke kāleka like ʻole.
func didSelectCard(_ card: Card?) {
guard let card = card else { return }
if unmatchedCardShown() {
let unmatched = unmatchedCard()!
if card.equals(unmatched) {
cardsShown.append(card)
} else {
let secondCard = cardsShown.removeLast()
}
} else {
cardsShown.append(card)
}
if cardsShown.count == cards.count {
endGame()
}
}Main.storyboard a me GameController.swift
ʻIke ʻia ka Main.storyboard penei:
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, pono ʻoe e hoʻonohonoho i ka pāʻani hou e like me viewDidLoad i ka mea hoʻoponopono, me nā kiʻi no ka pā. I ka pāʻani, e hōʻike ʻia kēia mau mea āpau e kahi 4 * 4 collectionView. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i kamaʻāina me collectionView, eia nō .
E hoʻonohonoho mākou i ka GameController e like me ke kumu hoʻoponopono o ka noi. E loaʻa i ka GameController kahi collectionView a mākou e kuhikuhi ai he IBOutlet. ʻO kekahi ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe i ka pihi IBAction onStartGame(), he UIButton kēia, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike iā ia ma ka papa moʻolelo i kapa ʻia ʻo PLAY.
He mea liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā mea hoʻokele:
- ʻO ka mea mua, hoʻomaka mākou i ʻelua mau mea nui - ka mākia: pāʻani = MemoryGame(), a me kahi pūʻulu kāleka: kāleka = [Kāleka]().
- Hoʻonoho mākou i nā mea hoʻololi mua e like me viewDidLoad, ʻo ia ke ala mua i kapa ʻia ʻoiai e holo ana ka pāʻani.
- Ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka collectionView i hūnā ʻia no ka mea ua hūnā ʻia nā kāleka a pau a paʻi ka mea hoʻohana iā PLAY.
- Ke paʻi mākou iā PLAY, hoʻomaka ka ʻāpana onStartGame IBAction, a hoʻonoho mākou i ka waiwai collectionView isHidden i wahaheʻe i hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā kāleka.
- I kēlā me kēia manawa e koho ai ka mea hoʻohana i kāleka, kāhea ʻia ke ʻano hana didSelectItemAt. Ma ke ala a mākou i kapa ai ʻo didSelectCard e hoʻokō i ka loiloi pāʻani nui.
Eia ka hoʻokō GameController hope loa:
class GameController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var collectionView: UICollectionView!
let game = MemoryGame()
var cards = [Card]()
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
game.delegate = self
collectionView.dataSource = self
collectionView.delegate = self
collectionView.isHidden = true
APIClient.shared.getCardImages { (cardsArray, error) in
if let _ = error {
// show alert
}
self.cards = cardsArray!
self.setupNewGame()
}
}
override func viewDidDisappear(_ animated: Bool) {
super.viewDidDisappear(animated)
if game.isPlaying {
resetGame()
}
}
func setupNewGame() {
cards = game.newGame(cardsArray: self.cards)
collectionView.reloadData()
}
func resetGame() {
game.restartGame()
setupNewGame()
}
@IBAction func onStartGame(_ sender: Any) {
collectionView.isHidden = false
}
}
// MARK: - CollectionView Delegate Methods
extension GameController: UICollectionViewDelegate, UICollectionViewDataSource {
func numberOfSections(in collectionView: UICollectionView) -> Int {
return 1
}
func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, numberOfItemsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
return cards.count
}
func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, cellForItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UICollectionViewCell {
let cell = collectionView.dequeueReusableCell(withReuseIdentifier: "CardCell", for: indexPath) as! CardCell
cell.showCard(false, animted: false)
guard let card = game.cardAtIndex(indexPath.item) else { return cell }
cell.card = card
return cell
}
func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, didSelectItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
let cell = collectionView.cellForItem(at: indexPath) as! CardCell
if cell.shown { return }
game.didSelectCard(cell.card)
collectionView.deselectItem(at: indexPath, animated:true)
}
}I kēia manawa e kamaʻilio liʻiliʻi e pili ana i nā protocols koʻikoʻi.
Pūnaewele
ʻO ka hana pū me nā protocols ke kumu o ka polokalamu Swift. Hāʻawi nā protocols i ka hiki ke wehewehe i nā lula no kahi papa, hale, a helu ʻana paha. ʻAe kēia kumu iā ʻoe e kākau i nā code modular a extensible. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he kumu kēia a mākou e hoʻokō nei no ka collectionView ma GameController. I kēia manawa e hana kāua i kā mākou mana iho. E like me kēia ka syntax:
protocol MemoryGameProtocol {
//protocol definition goes here
}Ua ʻike mākou he protocol hiki iā mākou ke wehewehe i nā lula a i ʻole nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi papa, no laila e noʻonoʻo kākou i ka mea e pono ai. Pono ʻoe i ʻehā i ka huina.
- Hoʻomaka pāʻani: memoryGameDidStart.
- Pono ʻoe e hoʻohuli i ke kāleka i lalo: memoryGameShowCards.
- Pono ʻoe e hoʻohuli i ke kāleka i lalo: memoryGameHideCards.
- Pau ka pāʻani: memoryGameDidEnd.
Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā ʻano hana ʻehā no ka papa nui, ʻo ia ʻo GameController.
memoryGameDidStart
Ke holo ʻia kēia ʻano hana, pono e hoʻomaka ka pāʻani (pehi ka mea hoʻohana iā PLAY). Ma ʻaneʻi e hoʻouka hou mākou i ka ʻike ma ke kāhea ʻana i ka collectionView.reloadData(), nāna e hoʻopaʻa i nā kāleka.
func memoryGameDidStart(_ game: MemoryGame) {
collectionView.reloadData()
}memoryGameShowCards
Kāhea mākou i kēia ʻano mai ka collectionSDViewSelectItemAt. Hōʻike mua ia i ke kāleka i koho ʻia. A laila e nānā e ʻike inā he kāleka like ʻole i loko o nā kāleka hōʻike ʻia (inā ʻokoʻa ka helu o nā kāleka hōʻike). Inā loaʻa kekahi, hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke kāleka i koho ʻia me ia. Inā like nā kiʻi, hoʻohui ʻia nā kāleka ʻelua i nā kāleka hōʻike ʻia a kū i ke alo i luna. Inā ʻokoʻa, haʻalele ke kāleka i nā kāleka Hōʻike a huli ʻia nā maka ʻelua i lalo.
memoryGameHideCards
Inā like ʻole nā kāleka, kāhea ʻia kēia ʻano a hūnā ʻia nā kiʻi kāleka.
hoikeia = wahahee.
memoryGameDidEnd
Ke kāhea ʻia kēia ʻano hana, ʻo ia ka mea ua hōʻike mua ʻia nā kāleka āpau a aia i ka papa inoa cardsShown: cardsShown.count = cards.count, no laila ua pau ka pāʻani. Ua kapa ʻia ke ʻano ma hope o kā mākou kāhea ʻana i ka endGame () e hoʻonohonoho i ka isPlaying var i wahaheʻe, a laila hōʻike ʻia ka memo hope o ka pāʻani. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo alertController ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona no ka mea hoʻoponopono. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo viewDidDisappear a ua hoʻonohonoho hou ʻia ka pāʻani.
Eia ke ʻano o ia mea a pau i GameController:
extension GameController: MemoryGameProtocol {
func memoryGameDidStart(_ game: MemoryGame) {
collectionView.reloadData()
}
func memoryGame(_ game: MemoryGame, showCards cards: [Card]) {
for card in cards {
guard let index = game.indexForCard(card)
else { continue
}
let cell = collectionView.cellForItem(
at: IndexPath(item: index, section:0)
) as! CardCell
cell.showCard(true, animted: true)
}
}
func memoryGame(_ game: MemoryGame, hideCards cards: [Card]) {
for card in cards {
guard let index = game.indexForCard(card)
else { continue
}
let cell = collectionView.cellForItem(
at: IndexPath(item: index, section:0)
) as! CardCell
cell.showCard(false, animted: true)
}
}
func memoryGameDidEnd(_ game: MemoryGame) {
let alertController = UIAlertController(
title: defaultAlertTitle,
message: defaultAlertMessage,
preferredStyle: .alert
)
let cancelAction = UIAlertAction(
title: "Nah", style: .cancel) {
[weak self] (action) in
self?.collectionView.isHidden = true
}
let playAgainAction = UIAlertAction(
title: "Dale!", style: .default) {
[weak self] (action) in
self?.collectionView.isHidden = true
self?.resetGame()
}
alertController.addAction(cancelAction)
alertController.addAction(playAgainAction)
self.present(alertController, animated: true) { }
resetGame()
}
}
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ia wale nō. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i kēia papahana e hana i kāu mana ponoʻī o ka pāʻani.
Hauʻoli coding!
Manaʻo ʻo Skillbox:
- Papa hana .
- Hoʻohana i ka papa pūnaewele .
- ʻElua makahiki papa hana .
Source: www.habr.com