Ma ka mea nui o ka hana ma ke kahua o ka hoʻouna 'ike.
ʻO ka paionia ma kēia pukana hou ʻo V.A. Kotelnikov. I loko o kāna mau haʻawina postgraduate ma MPEI, ua paʻi ʻo ia i nā pepa ma 1932, ʻo kekahi o ia i kapa ʻia ʻo "On the Bandwidth of the 'Ether' and Wire in Telecommunications" a ua waiho ʻia no ka hōʻike ʻana i ka First All-Union Congress on the Technical Reconstruction of Communications and the Development of the Low-Current Industry. ʻAʻole i hoʻokō ʻia ka ʻaha kūkā. Ua paʻi ʻia ma 1933 ma ke ʻano he mea no ka hōʻike (ʻae ʻia no ka paʻi ʻana ma
Nowemapa 1932). ʻO ia ka hōʻoia kūhelu o ka mea nui. ʻOiai e hoʻopau ana i kāna mau haʻawina postgraduate, ua hōʻike ʻo Vladimir i kāna hana i ka ʻAha Hoʻonaʻauao. Ua ʻae ʻia ka hōʻike, akā ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kāna hana "On Bandwidth ..." ma ke ʻano he "...he mea pololei, akā he moʻolelo ʻepekema."
ʻO ka mea mua, ua kuhikuhi kēia hana i nā kuhikuhi hoʻohiki no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kamaʻilio a hoʻopau i nā kuhikuhi make-hope. ʻO ka lua, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻike o nā pilikia kamaʻilio, ua ʻae ʻia ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka ʻikepili i ka makemakika, ka theorem kaulana.
Kotelnikova. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, aia i loko o kēia hana nā manaʻo ʻehiku.
ʻO ka mea like a Shannon a me kāna ilk i kapa ʻia ʻo "sampling theorem," āna i paʻi ai i 15 mau makahiki ma hope i ka makahiki 1948. A laila, i ka makahiki 1970, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka uila, ua piʻi maoli ka hoihoi i ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka ʻike kikohoʻe. I ka makahiki 1977, ua kū mai kahi nīnau o nā mea nui, a ua hāpai ʻia ka inoa WKS-theorem (Whittaker-Kotelnikov-Shannon).
Ma 1999, ka Eduard Rein Foundation, i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana i nā hana ʻepekema koʻikoʻi o ke kenekulia 20, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka makana i ka ʻepekema Soviet Vladimir Aleksandrovich Kotelnikov i ka koho "no ka noiʻi kumu" no "ka mua mathematically precisely formulated a paʻi ʻia sampling theorem."
ʻO kekahi mea hoihoi.
Piʻi mai ka inoa ʻo Harry Nyquist, ʻo ia paha kekahi o ka mea mua i hoʻomaopopo a hōʻike i ka manaʻo e ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona hōʻailona i nā manawa manawa like me
e pili ana i ka pānaʻi o kona laula spectral. Hāʻawi pinepine kēia i ke kumu, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā ʻepekema Western, e hoʻohana i ka huaʻōlelo "Nyquist sampling rule." Eia naʻe, ua pili kona manaʻo i ka pilikia o ka lawe ʻana i ka hōʻailona kelepona ʻole, ʻoiai ua kokoke ia i ka pilikia o ka lawe ʻana i ka hōʻailona analog. Ua kuhikuhi ʻo Polofesa D. Luke i kēia ma kahi ʻatikala e pili ana i ke kumu o ka sampling theorem: "ʻO ka mea ʻepekema mua i hoʻonohonoho pololei i ka theorem sampling a hoʻopili iā ia i kahi pilikia ma ke kumumanaʻo kamaʻilio a me ka ʻenekinia paha ʻo V.A. Kotelnikov."
ʻO kahi digression liʻiliʻi, pili pū kekahi i nā mea nui.
I ka makahiki 1939, ua hana ʻo Vladimir Alexandrovich i nā lako kamaʻilio ma kahi ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao a hōʻuluʻulu iā ia iho, ʻaʻole wale nō, no ka mea, hōʻole ka ʻoihana: "ʻAʻohe mea i hana i kēlā mea."
"Ua hana ʻē wau." Ua hoʻokomo ʻia akā ʻaʻole i loaʻa ma ka laina Moscow-Khabarovsk. ʻAʻole i loaʻa: "He maʻalahi ke hoʻolohe." Ma hope o ka heluhelu ʻana i ka ʻatikala a H. Dudley, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Kotelnikov i nā lako hoʻopunipuni haʻiʻōlelo a
Ua wehewehe ʻo ia i ka manaʻo i loko o ka hōʻike "Basic Principles of Automatic Encryption" ma Iune 19, 1941. Ua hoʻokumu mua kēia palapala i nā koi no ka mathematically undecipherable.
Nā ʻōnaehana me ka hōʻoia o ka hiki ʻole o ka decryption. ʻAʻole i paʻi ʻia kēia ma mua o ka lehulehu (a i ʻole paha?).
Ma ka lā 1 o Kepakemapa, 1945, ua wehewehe ʻo K. Shannon i nā ala e kūkulu ai i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻopunipuni ikaika; ua paʻi ʻia ka hōʻike ma ka lehulehu i ka makahiki 1949.
Hoʻoponopono pōkole o "Advances in Physical Sciences", conferences and symposia, July 2006, vol. 176, aole. 7
.
I ka hopena, hiki iaʻu ke ʻōlelo pinepine i nā palapala ʻepekema a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa, noho mālie nā mea kākau haole, hoʻohanohano iā lākou iho, a i ʻole, i nā hihia koʻikoʻi, hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā hoʻokō Lūkini-Soviet-Russian a me nā mea nui.
ʻO ka puke hou aʻe he hōʻikeʻike o nā mea ma ka nīnau "ʻO wai ka mea i hana i ka lekiō, Popov a Marconi paha?" inā loaʻa iaʻu ke ahi like i loko o ke keʻena hope e like me kēia lā.
Source: www.habr.com
