Hei Habr! Ka tukuna atu e ahau ki a koutou he whakamaoritanga o tetahi tuhinga mai i te maheni APC.
Ka hipokina e tēnei tuhinga te tāutanga katoa o te taiao whakahaere. Linux me te taiao papamahi whakairoiro i runga i Android-ngā taputapu.
Ko tētahi o ngā hangarau matua e whakamahia ana e te nuinga o ngā pūnaha Linux i runga i Android, he He whakatinanatanga wāhi-kaiwhakamahi tēnei o te taputapu chroot, he mea tino rongonui i runga i ngā pūnaha papamahi me ngā tūmau. LinuxHeoi, me whai mana kaiwhakamahi pakiaka te taputapu chroot, kāore e wātea ana i te taunoa AndroidKa whakaratohia e pRoot tēnei painga mā te whakatū i tētahi herenga whaiaronga.
Ngā Pūrua Linux
Kāore i roto i ngā pūwhakatauira katoa Linux ki Android He huinga taputapu BusyBox tēnei, he rerekē ki a Termux, hei tauira. Nā te mea ko te kaupapa matua o ēnei pūnaha he whakarato i tētahi tāutanga "katoa" o ngā wāhanga OS katoa, engari ko BusyBox he mea hanga hei whakakotahi i te huinga katoa o ngā taputapu noa ki roto i tētahi kōnae rua kotahi. Mō ngā pūnaha kāore i tāutahia a BusyBox, ka whakamahia he bootstrap hei Linux, kei roto ngā putanga katoa o ngā hōtaka.
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Tautuhia te takiuru me te kupuhipa mo te tohatoha me te VNC ki KaiwhakamahiLAnd.
Heoi anō, kei roto i ēnei pūnaha he hangarau tāpiri kāore e hiahiatia he Termux. Ka hipokina e tēnei tuhinga te tāutanga katoa o te tohatoha. Linux, me te papamahi GUI anō hoki. Engari tuatahi, me whiriwhiri e koe he tikanga tāutanga pūnaha whakairoiro.
Linux i runga i Android
Ka rite ki te korero i mua ake nei, ko nga kohinga rorohiko ka whakauruhia e matou ka rere ki te waahi kaiwhakamahi.
Ko te tikanga o tēnei, ko te kaiwhakamahi o nāianei anake tā rātou whakaaetanga, arā, mō te pūnaha whakahaere Android he kaiwhakamahi paerewa tonu, arā, kāore he mana whakahaere. Heoi, hei tāuta i te papamahi Linux, me tāuta e tātou tētahi tūmau whakairoiro, pērā i a X, i a Wayland rānei. Mēnā kei te mahi tātou i tēnei i roto i tētahi taiao pūnaha whakahaere, Linux, kātahi ka rere me ngā mana o tētahi kaiwhakamahi paerewa, me te kore e uru atu ki te taumata whakairoiro o te pūnaha whakahaere AndroidNō reira, me titiro tātou ki te tāuta i te tūmau i te huarahi "paerewa" o te Android, kia whai wāhi atu ai ki ngā taputapu me te kaha ki te tautoko i te taiao whakairoiro.
E rua ngā otinga kua whakaarohia e te hunga mātau o te hapori kaiwhakawhanake mō tēnei raruraru. Ko te tuatahi ko te whakamahi i ngā putanga ritenga. Linux (he tūmau X tēnei i te nuinga o te wā). Kia tīmata rātou ki te mahi i te papamuri, ka whai wāhi koe ki tēnei tukanga papamuri mā te VNC. Mena kei runga i tō pūrere Android Mena kei a koe tētahi pūmātaki VNC mō te taunekeneke mamao me ētahi atu rorohiko, whakamahia noa hei uru atu ki tō kaihautū ā-rohe. He otinga māmā noa iho tēnei, engari e kī ana ētahi kaiwhakamahi he uaua ki te hōtaka.
Ko te kōwhiringa tuarua ko te tāuta i tētahi tūmau i hangaia mō ngā pūrere e hangai ana ki AndroidKei te wātea ētahi tūmau i runga i te Toa Play i roto i ngā putanga kore utu me ngā putanga utu. I mua i te tāutanga, me tirotiro e koe mēnā kei te tautokona te kōwhiringa i whiriwhiria, kei te mahi rānei me te mōkihi pūmanawa Linux e whakamahia ana e koe. Android, e tāutahia ana e koe. I pai ake mātou ki te pūnaha X-Server, nō reira i whakamahia ai e mātou te mōkihi pūmanawa XServer XSDL (). Ma tenei tuhinga e whakaatu te tikanga whakaurunga mo tenei tūmau, ahakoa he rerekee pea mena he tono kee to whakauru, mena kei te whakamahi koe i te VNC.
Kōwhiringa pūnaha
Pērā i ngā X-Servers, he maha ngā taupānga kei te Toa Play hei tāuta i ngā tohatoha pūnaha. LinuxI konei, pērā i a Termux, ka arotahi tātou ki ngā kōwhiringa kāore e hiahiatia he mana pakiaka, ā, he nui te mōrearea. Ka whakaratohia e ēnei taupānga ngā mahi katoa e hiahiatia ana e te nuinga o ngā kaiwhakamahi, me te pupuri tonu i ō raraunga kia haumaru. Kei raro nei ngā tauira o aua taupānga i roto i te Toa Play:
- he whiringa tino rongonui i waenga i ngā kaiwhakamahi. Kei roto i te taupānga he whānuitanga o ngā tohatoha noa: Debian, Ubuntu, Arch, me Kali. He mea whakamīharo, ahakoa te kore o ngā kōwhiringa e hangai ana ki te RPM, kei roto i a UserLAnd a Alpine. Linux mō ngā pūrere he iti ake te mahara.
- : Ka āwhina tēnei taupānga ki te tāuta i tētahi, neke atu rānei o ngā rārangi tohatoha nui, ā, ka uru pea ki roto Ubuntu/Debian, Fedora/ CentOS, openSUSE, tae atu ki a Kali. Kei reira anō ngā kōwhiringa papamahi utu iti e wātea ana: Xfce4, MATE, LXQt, me LXDE. E hiahiatia ana a Termux mō te whakahaere, ā, ko te pūnaha whakahaere Android me 5.0, neke atu rānei.
- tino rite ki a AnLinux. He pai ake pea tōna hoahoa i te taupānga o mua, engari he iti ake ngā tohatoha e tautokona ana.
- I tīmata tēnei kaupapa hei momo rerekē Linux i runga i Android ā, i whakawhanakehia mō ngā pūmanawa pūtake tuwhera. E ai ki te ingoa, e arotahi ana ki ngā tohatoha. Debian, ko te 'X' i te mutunga e tohu ana he whakairoiro te taupānga ki te papamahi. Ahakoa i mutu te whakawhanake a ngā kaihanga i te kaupapa hei tautoko i a UserLAnd, kei te wātea tonu a GNURoot WheezyX i te Toa Play mēnā e hiahiatia ana e tetahi.
Ka whakamahia e ngā kaituhi o tēnei tuhinga te taupānga UserLAnd hei tāuta i te papamahi. Linux i runga i Android, ā, he maha ngā take mō tēnei. Tuatahi, he tuwhera te taupānga (ahakoa heLinux kei a ia anō hoki). Tuarua, he pai ngā tohatoha e tukuna ana e ia (ahakoa kāore i roto ko Fedora, ko CentOS), ka taea hoki e koe te whakamahi hei tāuta i ngā tohatoha me ngā whakaritenga pūnaha iti e kore e nui te wāhi e pau i tō waea atamai. Engari ko te painga matua o UserLAnd he taputapu tautoko mō te tāuta taupānga takitahi, kaua ki ngā tohatoha katoa. Ka tūhuratia e tātou te tikanga o tēnei ā muri ake nei. I nāianei, me tāuta a UserLAnd ki tō pūrere.
Taupānga Whenua Kaiwhakamahi
Tangohia te taupānga mai i a Google Play, F-Droid ranei () i runga i te pūnaha whakahaere AndroidKa tāutahia pērā i tētahi atu taupānga—kāore he mea motuhake e hiahiatia ana. Kātahi ka whakarewahia mai i te pouaka taupānga.
Ko te mea tuatahi ka kite koe he rarangi o nga tohatoha. I te mutunga, ka kitea e koe etahi whiringa papamahi e rua: LXDE me Xfce4. Ka huri ko te taupānga Firefox, e rua nga keemu, me etahi taputapu tari: GIMP, Inkscape, me LibreOffice. Ko tenei ripa e kiia ana ko nga Tono. Kua hoahoatia hei whakauru i nga tono.
I muri i to whakauru i tetahi mea, ka puta he urunga e pa ana ki taua mea ki te ripa "Session". I konei ka taea e koe te timata, te whakamutu ranei i te waahi o naianei, me te tiro i nga tukanga whakahaere.
Ko "Pūnaha Kōnae" te ripa whakamutunga e whakaatu ana i nga whakaurunga kua oti. He mea pai kia mohio koe i muri i to whakakore i tetahi huānga mai i nga Pūnaha Kōnae, ka murua nga korero mo taua mea mai i te ripa Session, heoi, kaore e tino kitea. Ko te tikanga ka taea e koe te hanga hui hou i runga i te punaha konae o naianei. He maamaa ake te mohio ki te mahi o tenei hononga ki te kite koe i te mahi, no reira ka timata ma te whakauru i te tono ki te taiao punaha UserLAnd.
I mua i to whakauru i te kete tohatoha ki to waea atamai, me tuku e koe ki a UserLA te uru ki te rokiroki.
Tohaina i roto i te UserLAnd
Tīpakohia tētahi o ngā tohatoha kei te mata o ngā Taupānga hei tāuta ki tō pūrere. Hei tauira, ka whakamahia e mātou UbuntuMā te pāwhiri i te ata ka huaki he pouaka kōrero e pātai ana mō tō ingoa kaiwhakamahi, kupuhipa, me te kupuhipa VNC. Kātahi, tīpakohia te tikanga ka whakamahia e koe hei uru atu ki te tohatoha. Ka tīmata te tango, mā te whakamahi i te ahua turanga o te tohatoha kua tīpakohia. Ka wetewetehia te kōnae ki te kōpaki UserLAnd.
Kia oti te tango, hoki atu ki te emulator terminal xterm. Ka taea e koe te whakauru i te whakahau ratonga hei kimi i te putanga kei a koe. Linux i tāuta e koe:
uname –aKo te taahiraa e whai ake nei ko te tāuta i te papamahi mā te whakamahi i te raina whakahau Ubuntu:
sudo apt install lxdeKo te mahi whakamutunga ko te whakarite kia reri to taiao papamahi hou ki te whakahaere. Ki te mahi i tenei, me whakatika koe i te konae .xinitrcfile, kotahi noa te raina i tenei wa /usr/bin/twm. Me huri ki /usr/bin/startlxdePuta atu i te wātū XSDL (kia pēhi koe i te pātene STOP i te wāhi whakamōhiotanga), pēhi tonu i te pātene "Ubuntu "rārangi" i te ripa Wātū, kātahi ka pāwhiri i te "Whakamutu Wātū" ka tīmata anō i ngā wātū. I muri i ētahi hēkona, me puta te taiao pūnaha LXDE. Ka taea e koe te mahi i ngā mea ōrite ki runga i te papamahi noa. Tērā pea he iti ake, he puhoi ake: me tatari roa koe ki te pēhi i te pātene i runga i tō pūrere i tō pēhi i te papapātuhi me te kiore. Me titiro tātou me pēhea te whakapai ake i te taiao pūnaha. Linux i runga i te waea atamai.
Aratohu Tere ki te UserLAnd
Mā te tirotiro tata i ngā ihirangi o te papamahi ka kitea he tauira tika o te putanga papamahi. Mena kei te whakamahi koe i a UserLAnd i runga i tētahi taputapu me te papapātuhi me te kiore (e hono ana mā te Nihokikorangi, mā tētahi atu taputapu rānei), ka ngāwari noa iho tō urutau ki te taiao pūnaha. Linux i roto i tēnei hōputu. Haunga te whakaroa iti, e puta ana nā te mea ko te X-cursorWindows ka tukutahi ki te kiore o te pūrere Android, ka pai te haere o ngā mea katoa.
Ko te mea tuatahi ka hiahia koe ki te whakatika i te punaha momotuhi taunoa, na te mea he nui rawa te rahi momotuhi papamahi mo te mata waea. Haere ki te tahua matua, ka tohua "Tautuhinga" → "Whakaritea te ahua me nga widget" → "Widget". I konei ka taea e koe te huri i te rahi momotuhi taunoa ki tetahi mea e tika ana mo to waea.
Muri iho, ka hiahia pea koe ki te tāuta i ō papatono tino pai ki te taiao pūnaha. LinuxE ai ki te kōrero i runga ake nei, kāore e mahi ngā whakahau whaipainga i tēnei take, nō reira kaua e mangere ki te whakamahi i te taputapu tino nui kua tāutahia ki te taiao pūnaha UserLAnd, e kiia nei ko ASAP:
sudo apt install emacs 
Ko nga tohatoha i roto i te tono ka whakaatuhia ki te ahua o nga huihuinga. Ka taea e koe te timata me te kati.
I muri i te whakauru i te tohatoha, ka taea e koe te taapiri i tetahi taiao papamahi me nga whakahau paerewa.
Ka hiahia pea koe ki etahi atu tikanga hononga mo to tohatoha. Na te mea kua tautuhia e koe te XSDL i te tuatahi ehara i te mea me rite tonu i nga wa katoa. Ka taea e koe te hanga i tetahi atu kaute i runga i te ripa Wātū ka kōwhiri i tētahi tūmau kē. Me tino tohu ki te punaha konae ano. Ka ngana a UserLAnd ki te arahi i a koe ki te tono tika hei whakatu i tetahi momo hononga hou: XSDL, ConnectBot mo SSH, bVNC ranei.
Heoi, ko te u tonu ka tukuna atu koe e te taupānga ki te Toa Play ka ngana ana koe ki te hono ano he mea hoha. Hei aukati i tenei, he nui ki te huri i te tūmau ma te whakauru i tetahi tono motuhake. Hei whakauru i te SSH, tohua te VX ConnectBot whirinaki tawhito. Whakauru noa ki te tauranga 2022 i runga i te teihana mahi me to ingoa kaiwhakamahi me to kupuhipa. Hei hono atu ki te tūmau VNC, ko te mahi anake ko te whakauru i te arumoni, engari i roto i te maha o nga huarahi matatau ki te tono Peke Papamahi, waea atu ki te wahitau 127.0.0.1:5951.
Ko te tumanako ka maumahara koe ki te kupuhipa VNC i whakatakotoria e koe i to waihanga i te punaha konae.
Ka taea hoki e koe te uru atu ki tētahi wātū UserLAnd e rere ana mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu rite i runga i tētahi atu rorohiko i tō whatunga. Hono atu ki te wātū e rere ana (mā te whakamahi i te momo hononga SSH, ko te tikanga) mā te pūwhakamutunga. Linux, pērā i a Konsole, hono atu rānei ki tētahi wātū VNC mā te whakamahi i te KRDC. Whakakapia noa ngā wāhitau ā-rohe i runga i te mata o tō rorohiko ki ngā wāhitau IP o tō Android.
Mā tēnei tatūnga ka taea te whakamahi tahi me ētahi taupānga kawe, ā, ka whiwhi koe i tētahi pūnaha kawe watea. Linux, ka taea e koe te hono atu mā te whakamahi i tētahi rorohiko e wātea ana ki a koe i tēnei wā.
Source: will.com
