«"Makwikwi emabhachelor uye masters evanhu uye hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi. Yakarongwa nemakambani makuru eRussia IT uye mayunivhesiti akasimba emunyika, kusanganisira ITMO University. Nhasi tiri kutaura nezvezvinangwa zveOlympiad nenzvimbo mbiri dzinotariswa neyunivhesiti yedu - "Big Data" uye "Robotics" (pamusoro pezvimwe - mune yedu inotevera habratopics).
Mufananidzo: /unsplash.com
Mashoko mashoma pamusoro peOlympics
Chinangwa. Ongorora ruzivo rwevadzidzi uye uvazivise kune zvinodiwa nevashandirwi. Vadzidzi vanokura mundima yavo yesainzi yakasarudzwa, vachishanda mumakambani epasi rese. Mushandirwi anobatsirwawo - haafanire kunyoresazve nyanzvi dzakadzidziswa uye kumhoresa vashandi vachangogashirwa neshoko: "Kanganwa zvese zvawakadzidziswa kuyunivhesiti."
Sei kutora chikamu? Vakundi pinda mumayunivhesiti eRussia pasina bvunzo. Unogona kuwana internship paYandex, Sberbank, IBS, Mail.ru nemamwe makambani makuru. Gore rakapera, zvipo kubva kumakambani eRussia vanopfuura mazana mana vakapinda vakanyanya kunaka. Zvakare, vadzidzi vakazviratidzira ivo pachavo vachakwanisa kushanya .
Ndiani ari kutora chikamu? Vadzidzi vezvese specialties - technical, humanities uye natural sciences. Mukuwedzera kune vakapedza kudzidza, vadzidzi vakapedza kudzidza, vagari vemo uye vadzidzi vekune dzimwe nyika mumayunivhesiti.
Chiitiko chimiro. Unogona kunyoresa kusvika Mbudzi 18. Iyo yepamhepo yekukodzera nhanho ichaitika kubva munaNovember 22 kusvika Zvita 8, asi unogona kuisvetuka kana ukabudirira kupedza angangoita maviri. . Vachakunda pamakwikwi ekufanirwa vachaenda kumakwikwi emukati memumayunivhesiti makuru munyika yose, ayo akarongwa muna Ndira - Kurume. Mhedzisiro ye "Ini ndiri Nyanzvi" Olympiad ichaburitswa muna Kubvumbi .
Gore rino Olympiad inosanganisira 68 nzvimbo. ITMO University nyanzvi dzinotarisira vashanu vavo: "Photonics", "Information uye Cyber Security", "Programming uye Information Technologies", pamwe ne "Big Data" uye "Robotics". Tichakuudza zvimwe nezve maviri ekupedzisira.
Big Data
Iyi nharaunda inovhara matekinoroji ese eBig Data hupenyu kutenderera, kusanganisira kuunganidza kwavo, kuchengetedza, kugadzirisa, modhi uye kududzira. Vanokunda vachakwanisa kupinda muchirongwa che masters kuITMO University pasina bvunzo dzezvirongwa: "Applied Mathematics uye Informatics", "Digital Health", "Big Data Financial Technologies" uye .
Vatori vechikamu vanozove nemukana wekuita internship mune hunyanzvi hwesainzi yedata uye injinjini yedata mumakambani anodyidzana. Aya ndiwo National Center yeCognitive Research, Mail.ru, Gazpromneft STC, Rosneft, Sberbank uye ER-Telecom.
"Mumakore achangopfuura, ndima yeBig Data yakawedzera kufarirwa. Tekinoroji dzekutanga kuunganidza uye kuchengetedza data dziri kusimukira, nzira nyowani dzedhijitari dziri kubuda (mumunda weIoT uye masocial network) ekurekodha maitiro aimbove asingaonekwe," anodaro Alexander Valerievich Bukhanovsky, director. ITMO University. "Panguva imwecheteyo, kutariswa kunobhadharwa kwete chete kurongedza maitiro ekuchengetedza uye kushandisa data, asiwo kupembedza mhedziso uye sarudzo, pamwe nekugadzira mamodheru."
Achange ari mabasa api? Boka rinovagadzirira ITMO University. Ivo vanorangarira chokwadi chekuti nyanzvi yeBig Data inofanirwa kuve neruzivo rwekutanga mune zvingangoita dzidziso uye nhamba dzemasvomhu, pamwe nekudzidza muchina. Iva nekunzwisisa kwehungwaru uye nzira yemazuva ano ekugadzira njere masisitimu uye taura R, Java, Scala, Python (kana mamwe maturusi ekugadzirisa matambudziko anoshanda).
Pazasi tinopa muenzaniso wedambudziko kubva kune imwe yematanho eOlympiad.
Muenzaniso basa: Kune maseva makumi mashanu musumbu, aine gumi nemaviri anowanikwa cores pane imwe neimwe. Zviwanikwa pakati pemamepu uye zvinoderedza zvinogovaniswa zvine simba (hapana kupatsanurwa kwakasimba kwezviwanikwa). Nyora kuti maminetsi mangani eMepuReduce basa rinoda 50 mepu rinomhanya pachikwata chakadaro. Muchiitiko ichi, nguva yekushanda yeimwe mepu ndeye maminitsi makumi maviri. Kana iwe ukasiya chete 12 inoderedza pabasa, zvino ichagadzirisa data rese mumaminetsi e1000. Mhinduro inogamuchirwa yakarurama kune imwe nzvimbo yedesimali.
A. 44.6
B. 43.2
C. 41.6
D. 50.0Mhinduro chaiyoC
Nzira yekugadzirira sei. Unogona kutanga nezvishandiso zvinotevera:
- . Inogona kubatsira kune yakazvimirira basa ine source codes yekugadzirisa matambudziko.
- . Basa rakakosha rinotaurira kuti sei probabilistic modhi ichida kuvaka kwemasvomhu se σ-algebra.
- . Bhuku rakapfava uye rinobatsira rinodonongodza izvo zvekutanga zve probabilistic calculus yezviitiko zvisina tsarukano.
Mamwe mabhuku akawanda anowanikwa pazviverengero zvakashandiswa zvezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvebasa. Vanyori vavo zviri nyore asi zvinobudirira vanotsanangura pfungwa yekugadzirisa nzvimbo uye matambudziko ekufungidzira epakati:
Mareferensi
Ruzivo runogonawo kuwanikwa mune thematic makosi pawebhusaiti yeOlympics.
Robhoti
Robhoti inosanganisa zvirango zvakaita sealgorithms, zvemagetsi uye makanika. Iyi nhungamiro yakakodzera kusarudzira avo vari kutodzidza kana kugadzirira kupinda masters uye postgraduate zvirongwa musoftware engineering, yakaiswa mechanics, yakaiswa masvomhu uye sainzi yekombuta kana engineering yemagetsi. Vadzidzi vakaratidzwa vanogona kunyoresa muzvirongwa zvemahara "»,«"Uye""Kuyunivhesiti yedu.
Achange ari mabasa api? Master's uye bachelor's vadzidzi vanogadzirisa akasiyana mabasa. Nekudaro, mabasa ese anoedza ruzivo rwakaoma rwekutonga theory, kugadzirisa ruzivo uye marobhoti modelling. Semuenzaniso, vatori vechikamu vachakumbirwa kutarisa kugadzikana kana kudzoreka kwehurongwa, sarudza chimiro, kana kuverenga regulator coefficients.
"Tichafanirwa kugadzirisa dambudziko rakananga kana rakapokana rerobhoti rinofamba kana remanipulative, kushanda neJacobian yehurongwa uye titarise nguva dzekuenzanisa mumajoini pasi pemutoro wakapihwa wekunze," anodaro Sergei Alekseevich Kolyubin, mutevedzeri wemutungamiriri. kuITMO. "Pachave nemabasa ekuronga - unofanirwa kunyora chirongwa chidiki chekuenzanisira robhoti kana kuronga trajectories muPython kana C ++."
Mukupedzisira, vadzidzi vanofanira kuronga robhoti kuti riite mabasa kubva kumakambani evanodyidzana nawo: Russian Railways, Diakont, KUKA, nezvimwewo. Mapurojekiti aya ane hukama nemadrone epasi nemhepo, pamwe nemarobhoti anoshandira pamwe anoshanda mumamiriro ekubatana ne zvakatipoteredza. Mamiriro emakwikwi akafanana . Kutanga, vadzidzi vanoshanda pane simulator, uyezve pane chaiyo hardware.
Tevere, isu tichafunga akati wandei sarudzo dzemabasa mundima yeRobhoti iyo vadzidzi vangasangana nazvo. Heino mienzaniso yevanyoreri kune masters zvirongwa:
Muenzaniso basa #1: Robhoti yemotokari kinematics inofamba ine mutsara kumhanya v=0,3 m/s. Chidhiraivho chinotenderedzwa pakona w=0,2 rad. Kana iyo radius yemavhiri erobhoti yakaenzana ne r = 0,02 m, uye kureba uye track yerobhoti zvakaenzana neL = 0,3 m uye d = 0,2 m, zvichiteerana, chii chichava mavhiri emakona erimwe vhiri rekumashure. w1 uye w2, inoratidzwa muradhi/s?
Isa mhinduro yako muchimiro chenhamba mbiri dzakapatsanurwa nenzvimbo, yakarurama kusvika panzvimbo yechipiri yedesimali, uchifunga nezvechiratidzo.Muenzaniso basa #2: Chii chingave chiratidzo cheastatism mune yakavharwa system inoenderana nereferenzi pesvedzero, kana kuongororwa kunoitwa zvinoenderana neiyo dhizaini yehurongwa?
kuvapo kweaperiodic links munharaunda yakazaruka;
kuvapo kweakanakisa kubatanidza zvinongedzo mune yakavhurika loop;
kuvapo kwe oscillatory uye conservative links munharaunda yakazaruka.
Heano matambudziko kune avo vanopinda chikoro chekupedza chikoro kana pekugara:
Muenzaniso basa #1: Iyo nhamba inoratidza robotic manipulator ine redundant kinematics ine 7 inotenderera majoini. Nhamba yacho inoratidza marobhoti base coordinate system {s} ine y-axis vector perpendicular kune peji ndege, iyo coordinate system {b} yakabatana neflange uye collinear ne{s}. Robhoti inoratidzwa mukugadzirisa umo maangular coordinates ezvibatanidza zvose zvakaenzana ne 0. Mahelical axes manomwe kinematic pairs anoratidzwa mumufananidzo (positive counterclockwise direction). Matemo emajoini 2, 4 uye 6 anotungamirwa, mbezo dzemajoini 1, 3 5 uye 7 dzakafanana nematemo ekutanga kurongeka system yechigadziko. Link saizi L1 = 0,34 m, L2 = 0,4 m, L3 = 0,4 m, uye L4 = 0,15 m.
Muenzaniso basa #2: Kuti uwedzere kugadzikana mashandiro eiyo panguva imwe chete yenzvimbo uye mepu (SLAM) algorithm yemarobhoti enhare zvichibva pane particle filters, vagadziri vakasarudza kushandisa resampling vhiri resampling algorithm. Pane imwe nguva mukushanda kwegorgorithm, sample ye5 "particles" ine huremu w(1) = 0,5, w(2) = 1,2, w(3) = 1,5, w(4) = 1,0 yakaramba iri mundangariro. uye w(5) = 0,8. Pachikumbaridzo chipi cheiyo saizi inoshanda yemuenzaniso pane yakapihwa iteration ndiyo nzira yekudzokorora ichatangwa. Nyora mhinduro yako nedecimal format yechokwadi kunzvimbo imwe chete yedesimali.
Nzira yekugadzirira sei. Iwe unogona kuongorora ruzivo rwako uye tarisiro uchishandisa cheki. Vatori vechikamu muRobotics huru vanofanira:
- Ziva misimboti yerobhoti modelling, hunhu hwemazuva ano sensors uye nzira dzekuwana ruzivo rwekunzwa.
- Ziva uye ugone kushandisa mumaitiro ekudzidzira uye maalgorithms ekuronga trajectory uye otomatiki kudzora, pamwe nekugadzirisa ruzivo rwekunzwa.
- Iva nehunyanzvi muhurongwa hwakarongeka uye hwakanangana nechinhu. Kugona kushanda munzvimbo dzekusimudzira marobhoti masisitimu.
- Ziva misimboti, hunhu hwakakosha uye maficha ekushandisa echikamu chekombuta, madhiraivha uye ma sensors emazuva ano marobhoti. Iva nehunyanzvi hwekuronga nekumisikidza zviedzo.
Kuti "kusimbisa" chero ipi zvayo yenzvimbo, iwe unogona kuterera . Mamwe matambudziko kubva kumaOlympiad apfuura anokurukurwa ipapo. Kune zvakare mabhuku akasarudzika, semuenzaniso:
Mamwe mabhuku
Uye online makosi paOpenedu, Coursera uye Edx
Rumwe ruzivo nezveOlympiad:
Source: www.habr.com