Mariha A Tla. Li-programmable logic controllers (PLCs) butle-butle li nkeloa sebaka ke lik'homphieutha tsa motho tse kenyelelitsoeng. Sena se bakoa ke taba ea hore matla a lik'homphieutha a lumella sesebelisoa se le seng hore se kenye ts'ebetso ea molaoli ea ka khonehang, seva, le (haeba sesebelisoa se na le phallo ea HDMI) hape ke mochine oa mosebetsi o ikemetseng. Kakaretso: Seva ea sebaka sa Marang-rang, karolo ea OPC, database le sebaka sa mosebetsi sebakeng se le seng, 'me sena sohle ka litšenyehelo tsa PLC e le' ngoe.
Sehloohong sena re tla nahana ka monyetla oa ho sebelisa likhomphutha tse joalo tse kentsoeng indastering. Ha re nke sesebelisoa se thehiloeng ho Raspberry Pi e le motheo, mohato ka mohato hlalosa mokhoa oa ho kenya sistimi e bulehileng ea Open Source SCADA ea moralo oa Serussia ho eona - Rapid SCADA, hape o nts'etsapele projeke bakeng sa seteishene sa compressor se sa bonahaleng, mesebetsi ea e tla kenyelletsa taolo e hole ea compressor le li-valve tse tharo, hammoho le pono ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea moea e hatelitsoeng.
Hang-hang a re etse pehelo ea hore bothata bo ka rarolloa ka litsela tse peli. Ha e le hantle, ha li fapane ho tse ling ka tsela leha e le efe, potso feela ke karolo ea botle le e sebetsang. Kahoo, re hloka:
1.1 Khetho ea pele e bolela ho ba teng ha Raspberry Pi 2/3/4 ka boeona, hammoho le ho ba teng ha converter ea USB-to-RS485 (eo ho thoeng ke "mololi", e ka laeloang ho tloha Alliexpress).
Setšoantšo sa 1 - Raspberry Pi 2 le USB ho RS485 converter
1.2 Khetho ea bobeli e kenyelletsa tharollo leha e le efe e lokiselitsoeng e thehiloeng ho Raspberry, e khothalletsoang ho kenngoa libakeng tsa indasteri tse nang le likou tsa RS485 tse hahiloeng. Ka mohlala, joalo ka Setšoantšo sa 2, se thehiloeng ho Raspberry CM3 + module.
Setšoantšo sa 2 - Sesebelisoa sa AndexGate
2. Sesebelisoa se nang le Modbus bakeng sa lirekoto tse 'maloa tsa taolo;
3. Windows PC ho lokisa morero.
Mekhahlelo ea ntlafatso:
Karolo ea I. Ho kenya Rapid SCADA ho Raspberry
1. Tlatsa webosaeteng ea Rapid Scada ho fumana kabo le ho jarolla mofuta oa morao-rao oa Linux.
2. Tlosa lifaele tse jarollotsoeng 'me u kopitse foldara ea "scada" bukeng / opt lisebelisoa.
3. Beha mangolo a mararo ho tsoa foldareng ea "daemons" bukeng /etc/init.d
4. Re fana ka phihlello e felletseng ea lifoldara tse tharo tsa ts'ebeliso:
sudo chmod -R ugo+rwx /opt/scada/ScadaWeb/config
sudo chmod -R ugo+rwx /opt/scada/ScadaWeb/log
sudo chmod -R ugo+rwx /opt/scada/ScadaWeb/storage⠀ 5. Ho etsa li-script ho sebetsa:
sudo chmod +x /opt/scada/make_executable.sh
sudo /opt/scada/make_executable.sh⠀ 6. Kenya polokelo:
sudo apt install apt-transport-https dirmngr gnupg ca-certificates
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 3FA7E0328081BFF6A14DA29AA6A19B38D3D831EF
echo "deb https://download.mono-project.com/repo/debian stable-stretch main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mono-official-stable.list
sudo apt update⠀ 7. Kenya Mono .NET Framework:
sudo apt-get install mono-complete⠀ 8. Kenya seva sa Apache HTTP:
sudo apt-get install apache2⠀ 9. Kenya li-module tse ling:
sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-mono mono-apache-server4⠀ 10. Theha sehokelo sa sesebelisoa sa Marang-rang:
sudo ln -s /opt/scada/ScadaWeb /var/www/html/scada⠀ 11. Kopitsa faele ho tsoa polokelong e jarollotsoeng ho foldareng ea "apache". scada.conf ho directory / etc / apache2 / sites-available
sudo a2ensite scada.conf⠀ 12. Ha re theoheng ka tsela ena sudo nano /etc/apache2/apache2.conf 'me u kenye tse latelang qetellong ea faele:
<Directory /var/www/html/scada/>
<FilesMatch ".(xml|log|bak)$">
Require all denied
</FilesMatch>
</Directory>⠀ 13. Kenya script:
sudo /opt/scada/svc_install.sh⠀ 14. Qala Raspberry hape:
sudo reboot⠀ 15. Ho bula sebaka sa Marang-rang:
http://IP-адрес устройства/scada⠀ 16. Fesetereng e butsoeng, kenya sebaka sa hau sa ho kena "Tsamaiso" le password "12345".
Karolo ea II. Ho kenya Rapid SCADA ho Windows
Ho tla hlokahala ho kenya Rapid SCADA ho Windows ho lokisa Raspberry le tlhophiso ea morero. Ka khopolo, u ka etsa sena ka raspberry ka boeona, empa tšehetso ea tekheniki e ile ea re eletsa ho sebelisa tikoloho ea nts'etsopele ho Windows, kaha e sebetsa ka nepo ho feta ho Linux.
Kahoo ha re qaleng:
- Re nchafatsa Microsoft .NET Framework to the latest version;
- E jarolla Potlako SCADA bakeng sa Windows le kenya offline;
- Qala ts'ebeliso ea "Administrator". Ho eona re tla ntshetsa pele morero ka bo oona.
Ha u ntse u hōla, u lokela ho ela hloko lintlha tse ling:
1. Ho baloa ha lirejisetara tsamaisong ena ea SCADA ho qala ho tloha atereseng ea 1, kahoo re ile ra tlameha ho eketsa palo ea mabitso a rona ka e le ’ngoe. Tabeng ea rona ke: 512 + 1 joalo-joalo:
Setšoantšo sa 3 - Palo ea lirekoto ho Rapid SCADA (setšoantšo se tobetsa)
2. Ho hlophisa bocha li-directory le ho tsamaisa projeke ka nepo tsamaisong ea ts'ebetso ea Linux, ho li-setting o hloka ho ea ho "Server" -> "General Settings" ebe o tobetsa konopo ea "For Linux":
Setšoantšo sa 4 - Reconfiguring li-directory ho Rapid SCADA (setšoantšo se tobetsa)
3. Hlalosa boema-kepe ba likhetho bakeng sa Modbus RTU ka tsela e ts'oanang le e hlalositsoeng tsamaisong ea Linux ea sesebelisoa. Tabeng ea rona ho joalo /dev/ttyUSB0
Setšoantšo sa 5 - Reconfiguring li-directory ho Rapid SCADA (setšoantšo se tobetsa)
Haeba u na le lipotso, litaelo tsohle tse eketsehileng tsa ho kenya li ka fumanoa ho kapa ho bona .
Karolo ea III. Ntlafatso ea morero le ho jarolla sesebelisoa ho sesebelisoa
Nts'etsopele le pono ea morero e entsoe ka kotloloho ho sebatli ka boeona. Sena ha se tloaelo ka mor'a litsamaiso tsa SCADA tsa desktop, empa li tloaelehile haholo.
Ka thoko, nka rata ho ela hloko sete e lekanyelitsoeng ea likarolo tsa pono (setšoantšo sa 6). Likarolo tse hahelletsoeng li kenyelletsa LED, konopo, switjha ea toggle, sehokelo le pointer. Leha ho le joalo, phaello e kholo ke hore tsamaiso ena ea SCADA e tšehetsa litšoantšo le mongolo o matla. Ka tsebo e fokolang ea bahlophisi ba litšoantšo (Corel, Adobe Photoshop, joalo-joalo), u ka iketsetsa lilaeborari tsa hau tsa litšoantšo, likarolo le libopeho, 'me tšehetso ea likarolo tsa GIF e tla u lumella ho eketsa animation ponong ea ts'ebetso ea theknoloji.
Setšoantšo sa 6 - Lisebelisoa tsa mohlophisi oa morero ho Rapid SCADA
Ka har'a moralo oa sengoloa sena, ho ne ho se sepheo sa ho hlalosa mohato ka mohato ts'ebetso ea ho theha projeke ho Rapid SCADA. Ka hona, re ke ke ra bua ka lintlha tsena ka botlalo. Sebakeng sa nts'etsopele, morero oa rona o bonolo oa "Compressed air supply system" bakeng sa seteishene sa compressor o shebahala tjena (Setšoantšo sa 7):
Setšoantšo sa 7 - Mohlophisi oa moralo ho Rapid SCADA (setšoantšo se ka tobeha)
E latelang, kenya morero oa rona ho sesebelisoa. Ho etsa sena, re bonts'a aterese ea IP ea sesebelisoa ho fetisetsa projeke eseng sebakeng sa lehae, empa ho komporo ea rona e kentsoeng:
Setšoantšo sa 8 - Ho kenya morero ho sesebelisoa ho Rapid SCADA (setšoantšo se tobetsa)
Ka lebaka leo, re ile ra fumana ntho e tšoanang (Setšoantšo sa 9). Ka lehlakoreng le letšehali la skrine ho na le li-LED tse bontšang boemo ba ts'ebetso ea tsamaiso eohle (compressor), hammoho le boemo ba ts'ebetso ea li-valve (tse bulehileng kapa tse koetsoeng), 'me karolong e bohareng ea skrine ho na le pono. ea ts'ebetso ea theknoloji e nang le bokhoni ba ho laola lisebelisoa tse sebelisang li-switches. Ha valve e itseng e buloa, 'mala oa valve ka boeona le mola o lumellanang o fetoha ho tloha bohlooho ho ea ho o motala.
Setšoantšo sa 9 - projeke ea seteishene sa Compressor (litšoantšo tsa GIF lia penya)
u ka khoasolla faele ea morero ona bakeng sa tlhahlobo.
Setšoantšo sa 10 se bontša hore na sephetho sa kakaretso se shebahala joang.
Setšoantšo sa 10 - tsamaiso ea SCADA ho Raspberry
fumanoeng ke
Ho hlaha ha likhomphutha tse matla tsa indasteri tse kentsoeng ho etsa hore ho khonehe ho holisa le ho tlatsana le ts'ebetso ea li-control tsa logic tse hlophisitsoeng. Ho kenya lisebelisoa tse tšoanang tsa SCADA ho tsona ho ka koahela mesebetsi ea tlhahiso e nyenyane kapa mokhoa oa theknoloji. Bakeng sa mesebetsi e meholo e nang le palo e kholo ea basebelisi kapa litlhoko tse eketsehileng tsa ts'ireletso, o tla tlameha ho kenya li-server tse felletseng, likhabinete tsa othomathike le li-PLC tse tloaelehileng. Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa lintlha tsa li-automation tse mahareng le tse nyane joalo ka meaho e menyenyane ea indasteri, matlo a boiler, liteishene tsa ho pompa kapa matlo a bohlale, tharollo e joalo e bonahala e loketse. Ho ea ka lipalo tsa rona, lisebelisoa tse joalo li loketse mesebetsi e nang le lintlha tse fihlang ho 500 tsa ho kenya / ho tsoa.
Haeba u na le boiphihlelo ba ho taka bahlophisi ba litšoantšo tse fapaneng 'me u sa tsotelle taba ea hore u tla tlameha ho iketsetsa likarolo tsa litšoantšo tsa mnemonic, joale khetho ka Rapid SCADA bakeng sa Raspberry e nepahetse haholo. Ts'ebetso ea eona e le tharollo e lokiselitsoeng e batla e lekanyelitsoe, kaha ke Mohloli o Bulehileng, empa e ntse e u lumella ho koahela mesebetsi ea mohaho o monyenyane oa indasteri. Ka hona, haeba u iketsetsa litempele tsa pono, joale ho ka khoneha ho sebelisa tharollo ena ho kopanya, haeba e se kaofela, ebe karolo e itseng ea merero ea hau.
Kahoo, e le ho utloisisa hore na tharollo e joalo ho Raspberry e ka ba molemo hakae ho uena le hore na merero ea hau e ka nkeloa sebaka hakae ka lisebelisoa tsa Open Source SCADA ho Linux, ho hlaha potso e utloahalang: ke lisebelisoa life tsa SCADA tseo u li sebelisang hangata?
Ke basebelisi ba ngolisitsoeng feela ba ka kenyang letsoho phuputsong. ka kopo.
Ke litsamaiso life tsa SCADA tseo u li sebelisang hangata?
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35.2%SIMATIC WinCC (TIA Portal)18
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7.8%Kenya Wonderware4
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5.8%Trace mode3
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15.6%CoDeSys8
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0%Genese0
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3.9%Litharollo tsa PCVue2
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3.9%Vijeo Citect2
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17.6%Master SCADA9
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3.9%iRidium mobile2
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3.9%E bonolo-Scada2
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7.8%Ka potlako SCADA4
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1.9%AggreGate SCADA1
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39.2%Kgetho e nngwe (karabo ka tlhaloso)20
Basebelisi ba 51 ba ile ba khetha. Basebelisi ba 33 ba ile ba hana.
Source: www.habr.com