Ngaphambili, sibonise imveliso yethu и . Namhlanje unokujonga i-laboratory ebonakalayo yeFaculty yeFiziksi kunye neTekhnoloji yeYunivesithi ye-ITMO.
Umfanekiso: XNUMXD nanolithograph
ILabhoratri yeMathiriyeli ye-Low-Dimensional Quantum ikwiZiko loPhando leNanophotonics kunye neMetamatadium () kwisiseko .
Abasebenzi bayo bazibandakanye iipropati : iiplasmons, excitons kunye neepolaritons. Ezi zifundo ziya kwenza ukuba kube lula ukwenza iikhompyuter ezigcwele ngokupheleleyo kunye ne-quantum. Ilabhoratri yohlulwe yangamacandelo amaninzi omsebenzi aquka onke amanqanaba omsebenzi ngezinto ezinomgangatho ophantsi womthamo: ukulungiswa kweesampulu, ukwenziwa kwazo, ukubonakaliswa kweempawu kunye nezifundo zamehlo.
Ummandla wokuqala uxhotyiswe ngayo yonke into efunekayo ukulungiselela isampuli .
Ukuzihlambulula, i-ultrasonic cleaner ifakwe, kwaye ukuqinisekisa umsebenzi okhuselekileyo kunye ne-alcohols, i-hood yokukhupha enamandla ixhotyiswe apha. Ezinye izixhobo zophando zibonelelwa kuthi ngamaqabane aselebhu eFinland, eSingapore naseDenmark.
Ukucoca iisampuli, i-BINDER FD Classic.Line yokumisa ikhabhinethi ifakwe kwigumbi. Izinto zokufudumeza ngaphakathi kuyo zigcina amaqondo obushushu ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya kuma-300°C. Inojongano lwe-USB lokujonga ubushushu obuqhubekayo ngexesha lovavanyo.
Abasebenzi baselabhoratri nabo basebenzisa eli gumbi ukwenza iimvavanyo zoxinzelelo kunye novavanyo lokuguga kwiisampulu. Iimvavanyo ezinjalo ziyimfuneko ukuqonda indlela izinto kunye nezixhobo eziziphatha ngayo phantsi kweemeko ezithile: umgangatho kunye nokugqithisa.
I-nanolithograph ye-three-dimensional ifakwe kwigumbi elilandelayo. Ivumela ukwenziwa kwezakhiwo ezine-dimensional ezintathu-dimensional amakhulu amaninzi e-nanometers ngobukhulu.
Umgaqo wokusebenza kwawo usekelwe kwi-phenomenon ye-polymerization ye-photon ezimbini. Ngokusisiseko, ngumshicileli we-3D osebenzisa iilaser ukubumba into kwipolymer elulwelo. I-polymer iqinisa kuphela kwindawo apho i-laser beam igxininiswe khona.
Umfanekiso: XNUMXD nanolithograph
Ngokungafaniyo neendlela eziqhelekileyo ze-lithography, ezisetyenziselwa ukudala iiprosesa kunye nokusebenza kunye neengqimba ezincinci zezinto eziphathekayo, i-polymerization ye-photon ezimbini ivumela ukudalwa kwezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi ezintathu-dimensional. Umzekelo, njengale:
Igumbi elilandelayo lebhubhoratri lisetyenziselwa imifuniselo yamehlo.
Kukho itafile enkulu ye-optical ephantse ibe ziimitha ezilishumi ubude, izaliswe ngofakelo oluninzi. Izinto eziphambili zofakelo ngalunye ziyimithombo yemitha (i-lasers kunye nezibane), i-spectrometers kunye ne-microscopes. Enye yeemicroscope ineendlela ezintathu zokukhanya ngexesha elinye - phezulu, ecaleni nangaphantsi.
Ingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa kungekuphela nje ukuhanjiswa kunye ne-reflection spectra, kodwa kunye nokusabalalisa. Le yokugqibela inika ulwazi olucebile kakhulu malunga ne-nanoobjects, umzekelo, iimpawu ze-spectral kunye neepatheni ze-radiation ze-nanoantennas.
Kwifoto: isiphumo sokusasazeka kokukhanya kumasuntswana e-silicon
Zonke izixhobo zibekwe phezu kwetafile kunye nenkqubo yokucinezela i-vibration enye. Imitha yayo nayiphi na i-laser inokuthunyelwa kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yamehlo kunye ne-microscopes kusetyenziswa nje izipili ezimbalwa kwaye uphando lunokuqhubeka.
I-laser yerhasi eqhubekayo ene-spectrum emxinwa kakhulu yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqhuba imifuniselo . I-laser beam igxininise kumphezulu wesampuli, kwaye i-spectrum yokukhanya okusasazekayo irekhodwa nge-spectrometer.
Imigca emincinci ehambelana nokukhanya kwe-inelastic ukukhanya (kunye notshintsho kwi-wavelength) ibonwa kwi-spectra. Ezi zincopho zibonelela ngolwazi malunga nesakhiwo sekristale yesampulu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nokuba malunga nokucwangciswa kweemolekyuli zomntu ngamnye.
Kukho kwakhona i-laser ye-femtosecond efakwe kwigumbi. Iyakwazi ukuvelisa ixesha elifutshane kakhulu (i-100 femtoseconds - ishumi lesigidi sesigidi sesibini) semitha yelaser enamandla amakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, sifumana ithuba lokufunda imiphumo ye-optical nonlinear: ukuveliswa kwee-frequencies eziphindwe kabini kunye nezinye izinto ezisisiseko ezingafumanekiyo phantsi kweemeko zendalo.
I-cryostat yethu ikwafumaneka kwilabhoratri. Ivumela imilinganiselo ye-optical kunye nesethi efanayo yemithombo, kodwa kubushushu obuphantsi - ukuya kuthi ga kwi-Kelvin esixhenxe, ephantse ilingane ne -266 ° C.
Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezinjalo, inani lezinto ezikhethekileyo zinokubonwa, ngokukodwa, ulawulo lokudibanisa okunamandla phakathi kokukhanya kunye nomcimbi, xa i-photon kunye ne-exciton (i-electron-hole pair) yenza i-particle enye - i-exciton-polariton. I-Polaritons ibambe isithembiso esikhulu kwiinkalo ze-quantum computing kunye nezixhobo ezineempembelelo ezinamandla ezingenakulinganiswa.
Kwifoto: INTEGRA probe microscope
Kwigumbi lokugqibela lebhubhoratri sabeka izixhobo zethu zokuxilonga - и . Eyokuqala ikuvumela ukuba ufumane umfanekiso womphezulu wento enesisombululo esiphezulu sendawo kwaye ufunde ukubunjwa, ukwakheka kunye nezinye iimpawu zomgangatho ophezulu wento nganye. Ukwenza oku, uziskena ngomqadi ogxilileyo wee-electron ezikhawuleziswa ngamandla ombane aphezulu.
Imakroskopu ehlolayo yenza kwaloo nto ngokusebenzisa iprobe eskena umphezulu wesampulu. Kule meko, kunokwenzeka ukuba ngexesha elifanayo ufumane ulwazi malunga "nendawo" yesampulu yomhlaba kunye neepropati zendawo, umzekelo, amandla ombane kunye ne-magnetization.
Umfanekiso: iskena i-electron microscope S50 EDAX
Ezi zixhobo zisinceda ukuba sibonise iisampuli zophononongo oluthe kratya lwamehlo.
Iiprojekthi kunye nezicwangciso
Enye yeeprojekthi eziphambili zebhubhoratri inxulumene i-hybrid states of light and matter in quantum materials-exciton-polaritons esele zikhankanywe ngasentla. I-mega-grant evela kwi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa weMfundo kunye neNzululwazi yeRussian Federation inikezelwa kwesi sihloko. Le projekthi ikhokelwa ngusosayensi ohamba phambili kwiYunivesithi yaseSheffield, uMaurice Shkolnik. Umsebenzi wokulinga kule projekthi uqhutywa ngu-Anton Samusev, kwaye inxalenye yethiyori ikhokelwa nguNjingalwazi weFaculty yeFiziksi kunye neTekhnoloji u-Ivan Shelykh.
Abasebenzi baselabhoratri bakwafunda ngeendlela zokusasaza ulwazi kusetyenziswa ii-solitons. I-Solitons ngamaza angachatshazelwa kukusasazwa. Ndiyabulela kule nto, izibonakaliso ezithunyelwa kusetyenziswa i-soltons "azisasazeki" njengoko zisasaza, okwenza kube lula ukunyusa zombini isantya kunye noluhlu lokudluliselwa.
Ekuqaleni kwe-2018, izazinzulu ezivela kwiYunivesithi yethu kunye noogxa bethu beyunivesithi yaseVladimir imodeli ye-slid-state terahertz laser. Ubunqabileyo bophuhliso kukuba i-terahertz radiation ayi "libaziseka" ngezinto ezenziwe ngamaplanga, iplastiki kunye neekeramics. Ndiyabulela kule propati, i-laser iya kusetyenziswa kwiindawo zokuhlola abagibeli kunye nemithwalo ngokukhawuleza ukukhangela izinto zetsimbi. Enye indawo esebenzayo kukubuyiselwa kwezinto zakudala zobugcisa. Inkqubo ye-optical iya kunceda ukufumana imifanekiso efihliweyo phantsi kweetayile zepeyinti okanye i-ceramics.
Izicwangciso zethu kukuxhobisa ilabhoratri ngezixhobo ezitsha ukwenza uphando oluntsonkothileyo nangakumbi. Umzekelo, thenga i-laser femtosecond laser, eya kwandisa kakhulu uluhlu lwezinto ezifundwayo. Oku kuya kunceda kwimisebenzi enxulumene ne iitshiphusi zequantum zenkqubo yekhompyuter yesizukulwana esilandelayo.
Isebenza njani kwaye iphila njani iYunivesithi ye-ITMO:
umthombo: www.habr.com
