Sanibonani nonke. Njengoba sathembisa, sicwilisa abafundi be-Habr emininingwaneni yokukhiqizwa kwezinkundla zehadiwe zaseRussia zezinhlelo zokugcina ze-Aerodisk Vostok kumaphrosesa we-Elbrus. Kulesi sihloko sizochaza isinyathelo ngesinyathelo ukukhiqizwa kwe-platform ye-Yakhont-UVM E124, ephethe ngempumelelo ama-disks angu-5 kumayunithi angu-124, ingasebenza ekushiseni kuka-+30 degrees Celsius, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ayisebenzi nje kuphela, kodwa isebenza. kahle.
Siphinde sihlele i-webinar ngomhla ka-05.06.2020/XNUMX/XNUMX, lapho sizokhuluma khona ngokuningiliziwe ngama-nuances obuchwepheshe okukhiqizwa kwesistimu yokugcina i-Vostok futhi siphendule noma yimiphi imibuzo. Ungabhalisela i-webinar usebenzisa isixhumanisi:
Ngakho-ke, hamba!
Ngaphambi kokungena enqubweni ehlelwayo manje, isizinda somlando esincane seminyaka emibili edlule. Ngesikhathi ukuthuthukiswa kwamapulatifomu achazwe kulesi sihloko kwaqala, izimo zokukhiqizwa kwazo zaziyizimo, ukubeka kancane, zingekho. Kunezizathu zalokhu, ziyaziwa yiwo wonke umuntu: ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi (okungukuthi ukukhiqizwa, hhayi ukuphinda kunamathiselwe izitika) kwamapulatifomu eseva eRussia ayengekho njengekilasi. Kwakukhona izimboni ezihlukene ezazikwazi ukukhiqiza izingxenye ngazinye, kodwa ngendlela elinganiselwe kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile esekelwe kubuchwepheshe obuphelelwe yisikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kwakudingeka siqale cishe "kusukela ekuqaleni" futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo siphakamise ukukhiqizwa kwezixazululo zeseva eRussia kuya ezingeni elisha lekhwalithi.
Ngakho-ke, inqubo yanoma yikuphi ukukhiqiza iqala ngesidingo, esiguqulwa sibe yizidingo ezijwayelekile. Izidingo ezinjalo ekuqaleni zakhiwa abathuthukisi be-NORSI-TRANS eNizhny Novgorod. Izidingo, yiqiniso, azikhishwa emoyeni omncane, kodwa ezidingweni zamakhasimende. Lona akuwona umsebenzi wezobuchwepheshe, njengoba kungase kubonakale ngephutha. Esigabeni sezidingo ezijwayelekile, akunakwenzeka ukwenza ukucaciswa kwezobuchwepheshe okuphelele, ngoba kunezimo eziningi ezingaziwa zokukhiqiza.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwemodeli okuhlosiwe: ukusuka embonweni kuya ekusetshenzisweni
Ngemva kokwakhiwa kwezidingo ezijwayelekile, ukukhethwa kwesisekelo se-elementi kuyaqala. Kusukela kulwazi lomlando kulandela ukuthi isisekelo se-elementi asikho, okungukuthi, kufanele sidalwe.
Ukwenza lokhu, isampula yomshayeli ihlanganiswa kulokho okutholakala emakethe evulekile, okungenani okufana nalokhu okuhlosiwe. Okulandelayo, ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwalesi sampula kwenziwa ukuze kutholwe ukusebenza kwayo. Uma konke kukuhle, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuthuthukisa imodeli eqondiwe (2D ne-3D).
Khona-ke ukusesha kuqala amabhizinisi aseRussia alungele ukuqala ukukhiqizwa kwalo mshayeli wendiza.
Phakathi nenqubo yokuklama, ukuguqulwa okudingekayo kwezakhi zomkhiqizo ngamunye kuyenziwa. Isibonelo, ngenkathi kusetshenzwa ne-prototype, kwasetshenziswa izandisi zakudala ze-12G SAS ezinenombolo enkulu yezintambo (ezinkulu kakhulu, zinikezwe inani lamadiski). Akushibhile, akusizi kule nkundla ethile, futhi ngaphandle kwalokho, izandisi zesitha zingaphandle. Kodwa lesi yisixazululo sesikhashana ukuze uhlole isampula lilonke futhi uqhubekele esigabeni esilandelayo. Kodwa-ke, akufanelekile ukusebenzisa izandisi ze-SAS zenguqulo yokugcina endaweni ethile yeseva.
Asidingi izandisi zezitha, sizozenzela indiza yethu yangemuva nge-blackjack kanye ne-sh...
Kucatshangelwa izinhlelo zesikhathi esizayo zamavolumu okukhiqiza (izinkulungwane zamaseva), kwanqunywa ukuthi kuthuthukiswe lo mkhiqizo (futhi, yiqiniso, kwabalandelayo) indiza yethu yasemuva ye-SAS, esebenza kakhulu kune-expander maqondana nalesi sixazululo. . Ukwakhiwa nokuhlelwa kwe-backplane kwenziwa yiqembu elifanayo labathuthukisi, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwamabhodi kwenziwa esitshalweni se-Microlit esifundeni saseMoscow (sithembisa isihloko esihlukile mayelana nalesi sitshalo nokuthi ama-motherboards e-Elbrus processors asebenza kanjani. ephrintiwe lapho).
Ngendlela, nansi i-prototype yayo yokuqala, manje ibukeka ihluke ngokuphelele.
Futhi nakhu sebeyihlela
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwe-backplane kuqala, futhi abaklami baphendukela kumthuthukisi we-chip ye-SAS3 ukuze baklame ibhodi lereferensi, kwavela ukuthi ayikho inkampani eyodwa eYurophu eyazi ukuthuthukisa izindiza zabo ezingemuva. Ngaphambilini, bekunebhizinisi elihlanganyelwe le-Fujitsu-Siemens, kodwa ngemva kokuba i-Siemens Nixdorf Informations systeme AG ishiye ibhizinisi elihlanganyelwe kanye nokuvalwa ngokuphelele komnyango wekhompyutha kwa-Siemens, ikhono kule ndawo eYurophu lalahleka.
Ngakho-ke, umthuthukisi we-chip ekuqaleni akazange athathe ngokushesha ukuthuthukiswa kwe-NORSI-TRANS, okubangele ukubambezeleka ekuthuthukisweni komklamo wokugcina. Yiqiniso, kamuva, lapho ukungathi sína kwezinhloso namandla enkampani ye-NORSI-TRANS kuba sobala, futhi indiza engemuva ithuthukiswa futhi yanyatheliswa, isimo sakhe sengqondo sashintsha saba ngcono.
Indlela yokupholisa amadiski angu-124 kanye neseva ngamayunithi angu-5, futhi uhlale uphila?
Kwakukhona ukufuna okuhlukile ngokudla nokupholisa. Iqiniso liwukuthi, ngokusekelwe ezidingweni, i-platform ye-E124 kufanele isebenze ekushiseni kwama-degrees Celsius angu-30, futhi lapho, ngomzuzu, ama-disks angama-124 ashiswe kahle ngamayunithi angu-5 futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, i-motherboard ene-processor (i.e. lena akuyona i-JBOD eyisiphukuphuku, kodwa isilawuli sesistimu yesitoreji esigcwele esinamadiski).
Ngokupholisa (ngaphandle kwabalandeli abancane abangaphakathi), ekugcineni sinqume ukusebenzisa abalandeli abathathu abakhulu kakhulu ngemuva kwekesi, ngayinye ishintshashintsha ngokushisayo. Ukuze usebenze okuvamile kwesistimu, ezimbili zanele (izinga lokushisa alishintshi nhlobo), ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukuhlela ngokuphepha umsebenzi wokushintsha abalandeli futhi ungacabangi ngezinga lokushisa. Uma ucisha abalandeli ababili (isibonelo, ngokomthetho wobubi, ngenkathi eyodwa ishintshwa, eyesibili yaphuka), khona-ke nge-fan eyodwa uhlelo lungasebenza ngokujwayelekile, kodwa izinga lokushisa lizokhula ngo-10-20% iphesenti, okwamukelekayo inqobo nje uma okungenani kufakwa enye ifeni maduzane.
Abalandeli (cishe yonke into) nabo babonakale behlukile. Isizathu sokuhluka kwaba yindleko eyodwa. Ezimweni ezithile, kungenzeka ukuthi abalandeli, esikhundleni sokumunca umoya, bevuthela lonke icala kusuka ngaphakathi, bangaqala ukulincela, bese "valelisa", okungukuthi, ipulatifomu izoshisa ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuvinjwe inkinga enjalo, kwenziwa izinguquko ekwakhiweni kwabalandeli futhi sengeze eyethu “ukwazi” - i-valve yokuhlola. Le valve yokuhlola ivumela ngomoya ophansi ukuthi uphume endaweni yesikhulumi, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo ivimba amathuba okumunca umoya noma yikuphi.
Esigabeni sokuhlola uhlelo lokupholisa, kwakukhona ukwehluleka okuningi, izakhi ezihlukahlukene zesistimu zashisa kakhulu futhi zashiswa, kodwa ekugcineni, abathuthukisi bepulatifomu bakwazi ukufeza ukupholisa okungcono kunabaqhudelani abadumile emhlabeni.
"Ukudla akukwazi ukwephulwa."
Kwakuyindaba efanayo nempahla yamandla, i.e. zenziwa ngokukhethekile kule nkundla futhi isizathu siyi-banal. Iyunithi ngayinye iyimali eningi, yingakho iplatifomu eminyene kakhulu yathuthukiswa futhi, uma ngenza iphutha (ngilungile kumazwana uma ngingalungile), lokhu kuyirekhodi lomhlaba kuze kube manje, ngoba Awekho amaseva noma ama-JBOD anenani elikhulu lamadiski amayunithi angu-5 okwamanje.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze unikeze amandla endaweni yesikhulumi futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo uhlele ithuba lokushintsha amandla kagesi ngemodi evamile, amandla aphelele amayunithi asebenzayo kufanele abe ama-kilowatts angu-4 (Yebo, azikho izixazululo ezinjalo kwimodi evamile. emakethe), ngakho-ke zenziwa ukuthi zi-oda ngokwethulwa komugqa wokukhiqiza wokukhiqiza ngobuningi ( Ake ngikukhumbuze ukuthi kunezinhlelo zezinkulungwane zamaseva anjalo).
Njengoba omunye wabaklami abakhulu beplatifomu ekubeka, "Ama-currents lapha afana nomshini wokushisela - lokhu akuyona into ejabulisayo :-)"
Ngesikhathi sokuklama, kwakungenzeka futhi ukusebenzisa amandla kagesi hhayi kuphela ku-220V, kodwa futhi ku-48V, i.e. ekwakhiweni kwe-OPC, manje ebaluleke kakhulu kuma-opharetha ezokuxhumana kanye nezikhungo ezinkulu zedatha.
Ngenxa yalokho, isixazululo esinogesi siphinda i-logic yesisombululo ngokupholisa isiteji singasebenza ngokunethezeka ngezinto ezimbili zamandla, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukwenza umsebenzi wokubuyisela njengenjwayelo. Uma kwenzeka ingozi kukhona iyunithi eyodwa kuphela yokuhlinzeka kagesi esele kwabathathu, izokwazi ukukhipha umsebenzi wesiteji ekulayisheni okuphezulu, kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukushiya isiteji kuleli fomu. isikhathi eside.
Insimbi nepulasitiki: akuyona yonke into elula kakhulu, kuvela.
Kunama-nuances amaningi enqubweni yokuthuthukisa yesikhulumi. Isimo esifanayo asenzekanga kuphela ngezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi (izikhuphukeli, ama-backplanes, amabhodi omama, njll.), kodwa futhi nensimbi evamile nepulasitiki: isibonelo, ngecala, ama-rails, ngisho nezinqola zediski.
Kungase kubonakale sengathi akufanele kube nezinkinga ngomzimba nezinye izici ezihlakaniphe kancane zesikhulumi. Kodwa ekusebenzeni konke kuhlukile. Lapho abathuthukisi besiteji beqala ukuya emafektri ahlukahlukene aseRussia anezidingo zokukhiqiza, kwavela ukuthi iningi labo lalisebenza lisebenzisa izindlela ezingezona zesimanje, ezagcina zithinte ikhwalithi kanye nenani lemikhiqizo.
Imiphumela yokuqala yokukhiqizwa kwamacala yaba isiqinisekiso salokhu. Ijiyomethri engalungile, ama-welds amabi, izimbobo ezingalungile kanye nezindleko ezifanayo zenze umkhiqizo ungafanelekile ukusetshenziswa.
Iningi lamafekthri angenza amacala e-server asebenze ngaleso sikhathi (ake ngikukhumbuze ukuthi ngokuthi "ngaleso sikhathi" sisho eminyakeni engu-2 edlule) "indlela yakudala," okungukuthi, bakhiqiza inqwaba yemibhalo yokuklama, ngokuhambisana nayo opharetha ngesandla ulungise ukusebenza kwemishini, futhi ngokuvamile esikhundleni rivets metal welding kwasetshenziswa. Ngenxa yalokho, izinga eliphansi lokuzenzakalela, isici somuntu kanye nokugunyazwa ngokweqile kokukhiqizwa kwathela izithelo. Kuvele kube yinde, kubi futhi kuyabiza.
Kufanele siwahloniphe amafekthri: amaningi awo athuthukise kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwawo kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. Sathuthukisa ikhwalithi yokushisela, i-riveting eyingcweti, futhi ngokuvamile saqala ukusebenzisa imishini yokulawula izinombolo zekhompyutha (CNC). Manje, esikhundleni senqwaba yamadokhumenti, idatha yomkhiqizo ilayishwa ngokuqondile isuka kumamodeli e-3D ne-2D iye ku-CNC.
I-CNC inciphisa ukungenelela komsebenzisi womshini enqubweni yokukhiqiza umkhiqizo kube ubuncane, ngakho isici somuntu asisaphazamisi impilo. Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko komsebenzisi ngokuyinhloko kuwukulungiselela nokusebenza kokugcina: ukufakwa nokususwa komkhiqizo, ukusetha amathuluzi, njll.
Uma izingxenye ezintsha zivela, ukukhiqizwa akusamile ukuze kukhiqizwe, kwanele ukwenza izinguquko kusofthiwe ye-CNC. Ngakho, isikhathi sokukhiqiza izingxenye zemiklamo emisha emafektri siye sancishiswa kusukela ezinyangeni kuya emavikini, okuyizindaba ezinhle. Futhi-ke, ukunemba nakho kuye kwanda kakhulu.
Amabhodi omama kanye neprosesa: ayikho inkinga
Amaprosesa namabhodi womama kuza njengesethi evela efekthri. Lo mkhiqizo usuvele usungulwe kahle, ngakho-ke i-NORSI yenza ukulawula okokufaka okujwayelekile kanye nokulawula okukhiphayo ezingeni lamapulatifomu aqediwe.
Isethi ngayinye yebhodi lomama nephrosesa ihlolwa ngesofthiwe etholwe ku-MCST.
Uma kunezinkinga ezithile (sibonga uNkulunkulu, zimbalwa kakhulu zazo ezinebhodi le-motherboard kanye neprosesa), kukhona uchungechunge olusebenza kahle lwamamojula abuyela kumkhiqizi futhi afake esikhundleni sawo.
Umhlangano kanye nokulawula kokugcina
Ukuze i-balalaika yethu iqale ukudlala, osekusele wukuhlangana nokuyivivinya. Manje ukukhiqizwa kuyaqhubeka, uhlelo luhlanganiswa ngendlela evamile eMoscow.
Isistimu ngayinye iza nama-SSD ebhuthini (ye-OS) nama-spindle agcwele (okwedatha yesikhathi esizayo).
Ngemva kwalokhu, ukuhlola okokufaka kuqala kokubili kweplatifomu ngokwayo namadiski afakwe kuyo. Ukwenza lokhu, wonke amadiski ohlelweni alayishwa ngokuhlolwa okuzenzakalelayo okungenani ihora.
Ukufunda nokubhala okuzenzakalelayo kwenziwa kudiski ngayinye, kuqoshwa isivinini sokufunda, isivinini sokubhala kanye nezinga lokushisa lediski ngayinye. Kumodi evamile, izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile kufanele libe phakathi kwama-30-35 degrees Celsius. Eziqongweni, idiski ngayinye "ingagxuma" ifike ku-40 degrees. Uma izinga lokushisa liba phezulu noma isivinini sehla ngaphansi komkhawulo wokufunda-bhala, idiski iba bomvu futhi yehluleke ukwenqatshwa. Izingxenye eziphumelele ukuhlolwa zipakishwa ukuze zisetshenziswe futhi.
isiphetho
Kunenganekwane esekelwa ngenkuthalo izibalo ezahlukahlukene zokuthi "eRussia abazi ukuthi benzeni ngaphandle kukawoyela wokupompa." Ngeshwa, le nganekwane idla emakhanda ngisho nabantu abahlonishwayo nabahlakaniphile.
Muva nje kunendaba emangazayo eyenzeke komunye engisebenza naye. Wayeshayela esuka kwesinye sezibonisi zesistimu yokugcina i-Vostok futhi lesi simiso sokugcina sasilele emgodini wemoto yakhe (hhayi i-E124, yebo, ilula). Endleleni, wabamba omunye wabameleli bekhasimende (umuntu obaluleke kakhulu, osebenza esikhundleni esiphakeme kwelinye lama-ejensi kahulumeni), futhi emotweni baba nengxoxo elandelayo:
Uzakwethu: "Sisanda kukhombisa uhlelo lokugcina ku-Elbrus, imiphumela yayimihle, wonke umuntu wayejabule, ngendlela, lolu hlelo lokugcina luzoba usizo embonini yakho"
Ikhasimende: “Ngiyazi ukuthi unazo izinhlelo zokugcina, kodwa hlobo luni lwe-Elbrus okhuluma ngalo?”
Uzakwethu: "Yebo ... iphrosesa yaseRussia i-Elbrus, basanda kukhipha i-8, ngokusebenza kwezinhlelo zokugcina, thina, ngokufanele, senze umugqa omusha wezinhlelo zokugcina kuyo, okuthiwa i-Vostok"
Ikhasimende: “I-Elbrus iyintaba! Futhi ungakhulumi izinganekwane mayelana nephrosesa yaseRussia emphakathini ohloniphekile, konke lokhu kwenziwa ukuze uthole isabelomali, empeleni akukho lutho futhi akukho lutho oluzokwenzeka. "
Uzakwethu: "Mayelana? Ingabe kulungile ukuthi le sistimu yokulondoloza isesigabeni sami? Ake sime manje, ngizokukhombisa!"
Ikhasimende: “Kuhle ukuhlupheka ngenxa yombhedo, asiqhubeke, azikho “izinhlelo zokugcina zaseRussia” - lokhu akunakwenzeka”
Ngaleso sikhathi, umuntu obalulekile wayengafuni ukuzwa lutho ngo-Elbrus. Yiqiniso, kamuva, lapho ecacisa ulwazi, wavuma ukuthi wayenephutha, kodwa noma kunjalo, kuze kube sekupheleni, wayengakholelwa eqinisweni lalolu lwazi.
Eqinisweni, ngemva kokuwa kwe-USSR, izwe lethu layeka ngempela ukuthuthukiswa kokukhiqizwa kwe-microelectronics. Okuthile kwathunyelwa futhi kwebiwa ukuze kusizakale izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe, okuthile kwebiwa inkampani yendawo yangasese, into ethile, vele, yatshalwa, kodwa ikakhulukazi ukuze kuzuze zona lezi zinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe. Isihlahla sagawulwa, kodwa impande yasala.
Ngemva kweminyaka engaba ngu-30 yokukhohlisa ngesihloko esithi "iNtshonalanga izosisiza," sekucacile cishe kuwo wonke umuntu ukuthi singakwazi ukuzisiza thina kuphela, ngakho-ke sidinga ukubuyisela ukukhiqizwa kwethu hhayi kuphela emkhakheni we-microelectronics, kodwa kuzo zonke izimboni. .
Okwamanje, esimweni sobhubhane lomhlaba wonke esimweni lapho amaketanga okukhiqizwa kwamanye amazwe emile, sekuvele kusobala ukuthi ukubuyiselwa kokukhiqizwa kwasekhaya akuseyona ukuthuthukiswa kwesabelomali, kodwa isimo sokusinda kweRussia njengoba izwe elizimele.
Ngakho-ke, sizoqhubeka nokubheka futhi sisebenzise imishini yaseRussia empilweni futhi sikutshele ngalokho izinkampani zethu ezikwenzayo ngempela, yiziphi izinkinga ezibhekana nazo kanye nemizamo ye-titanic eziyenzayo ukuzixazulula.
Kunzima kakhulu ukukhuluma ngazo zonke izici zokukhiqiza esihlokweni esisodwa, ngakho-ke njengebhonasi sizohlela ingxoxo eku-inthanethi ngefomethi ye-webinar ngalesi sihloko. Kule webinar, sizokhuluma ngokuningiliziwe nangemibala ecacile mayelana nezici zobuchwepheshe zokukhiqizwa kwamapulatifomu e-Yakhont yezinhlelo zokugcina ze-Vostok futhi sizophendula yonke, ngisho nemibuzo ekhohlisayo kakhulu, ku-inthanethi.
I-interlocutor yethu izoba ngummeleli womthuthukisi weplatifomu, inkampani ye-NORSI-TRANS. I-webinar izokwenzeka ngomhlaka-05.06.2020/XNUMX/XNUMX; labo abafisa ukubamba iqhaza bangabhalisa ngesixhumanisi: .
Siyabonga kini nonke, njengenhlalayenza, sibheke ngabomvu imibono eyakhayo.
Source: www.habr.com