I-Buildroot - ingxenye 2. Ukudala ukucushwa kwebhodi lakho; usebenzisa isihlahla sangaphandle, i-rootfs-overlay, imibhalo ye-post-build

Kulesi sigaba ngibheka ezinye zezinketho zokwenza ngokwezifiso ebengizidinga. Lolu akulona uhlu oluphelele lwalokho okunikezwa yi-buildroot, kodwa asebenza kahle futhi awadingi ukungenelela kumafayela e-buildroot ngokwayo.

Ukusebenzisa indlela NGAPHANDLE ukwenza ngendlela oyifisayo

Esihlokweni esedlule Sibheke isibonelo esilula sokwengeza ukucushwa kwakho ngokwengeza i-defconfig yebhodi kanye namafayela adingekayo ngqo kumkhombandlela we-Buildroot.

Kodwa le ndlela ayilula kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho ubuyekeza i-builroot. Kukhona indlela yokuxazulula le nkinga isihlahla sangaphandle. Ingqikithi yayo ukuthi ungagcina ibhodi, ama-configs, amaphakheji nezinye izinkomba kuhlu oluhlukile (isibonelo, ngisebenzisa uhla lwemibhalo lwama-patches ukuze ngifake ama-patches kumaphakheji, imininingwane eyengeziwe esigabeni esihlukile) futhi i-buildroot ngokwayo izokwengeza kulabo abaku- inkomba yayo.

Qaphela: ungamboza izihlahla ezimbalwa zangaphandle ngesikhathi esisodwa, kunesibonelo kubhukwana le-builroot

Ake sakhe uhla lwemibhalo my_tree, olutholakala eduze kohlu lwemibhalo ye-buildroot futhi sidlulisele ukucushwa kwethu lapho. Okukhiphayo kufanele kube yisakhiwo sefayela esilandelayo:

[alexey@alexey-pc my_tree]$ tree
.
├── board
│   └── my_x86_board
│       ├── bef_cr_fs_img.sh
│       ├── linux.config
│       ├── rootfs_overlay
│       └── users.txt
├── Config.in
├── configs
│   └── my_x86_board_defconfig
├── external.desc
├── external.mk
├── package
└── patches

6 directories, 7 files

Njengoba ubona, ngokuvamile isakhiwo siphinda isakhiwo se-buildroot.

Directory ibhodi iqukethe amafayela aqondene nebhodi ngalinye kithi:

• I-bef_cr_fs_img.sh iwumbhalo esizosetshenziswa ngemva kokwakha isistimu yefayela eliqondiwe, kodwa ngaphambi kokuyipakisha ezithombeni. Sizoyisebenzisa esikhathini esizayo
• linux.config - ukucushwa kwe-kernel
• i-rootfs_overlay - uhla lwemibhalo okufanele lubekwe phezu kwesistimu yefayela eliqondiwe
• users.txt - ifayela elichaza abasebenzisi abazokwakhiwa

Directory okulungiselelwe iqukethe i-defconfig yamabhodi ethu. Sinoyedwa kuphela.

Iphakheji - ikhathalogu namaphakheji ethu. Ekuqaleni, i-buildroot iqukethe izincazelo nemithetho yokwakha inani elilinganiselwe lamaphakheji. Kamuva sizongeza umphathi wewindi le-icewm kanye nomphathi wokungena wesithombe esifushane lapha.
Ama-patches - ikuvumela ukuthi ugcine amapheshana akho amaphakheji ahlukene kalula. Imininingwane eyengeziwe esigabeni esihlukile ngezansi.
Manje sidinga ukungeza amafayela encazelo esihlahleni sethu sangaphandle. Kunamafayela angu-3 anesibopho salokhu: external.desc, Config.in, external.mk.

kwangaphandle.desc iqukethe incazelo yangempela:

[alexey@alexey-pc my_tree]$ cat external.desc 
name: my_tree
desc: My simple external-tree for article

Umugqa wokuqala yisihloko. Esikhathini esizayo i-buildroot yakha okuguquguqukayo $(BR2_EXTERNAL_MY_TREE_PATH), okufanele isetshenziswe lapho uhlela umhlangano. Isibonelo, indlela eya kufayela lomsebenzisi ingasethwa kanje:

$(BR2_EXTERNAL_my_tree_PATH)/board/my_x86_board/users.txt

Umugqa wesibili uyincazelo emfushane, efundeka umuntu.

Config.in, external.mk - amafayela ukuchaza amaphakheji angeziwe. Uma ungawengezi amaphakheji akho, khona-ke lawa mafayela angashiywa engenalutho. Okwamanje, yilokho esizokwenza.
Manje sesinesihlahla sethu sangaphandle esilungile, esiqukethe i-defconfig yebhodi lethu namafayela eliwadingayo. Ake siye kumkhombandlela we-buildroot futhi ucacise ukusebenzisa isihlahla sangaphandle:

[alexey@alexey-pc buildroot]$ make BR2_EXTERNAL=../my_tree/ my_x86_board_defconfig
#
# configuration written to /home/alexey/dev/article/ramdisk/buildroot/.config
#
[alexey@alexey-pc buildroot]$ make menuconfig

Emyalweni wokuqala sisebenzisa impikiswano BR2_EXTERNAL=../my_tree/, okubonisa ukusetshenziswa kwesihlahla sangaphandle.Ungacacisa izihlahla zangaphandle ezimbalwa ezizosetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa.Kulokhu, udinga ukwenza lokhu kanye kuphela, emva kwalokho kudalwe ifayela elikhiphayo/.br-external.mk elizosho ukuthi igcina ulwazi mayelana nesihlahla sangaphandle esisetshenzisiwe:

[alexey@alexey-pc buildroot]$ cat output/.br-external.mk 
#
# Automatically generated file; DO NOT EDIT.
#

BR2_EXTERNAL ?= /home/alexey/dev/article/ramdisk/my_small_linux/my_tree
BR2_EXTERNAL_NAMES = 
BR2_EXTERNAL_DIRS = 
BR2_EXTERNAL_MKS = 

BR2_EXTERNAL_NAMES += my_tree
BR2_EXTERNAL_DIRS += /home/alexey/dev/article/ramdisk/my_small_linux/my_tree
BR2_EXTERNAL_MKS += /home/alexey/dev/article/ramdisk/my_small_linux/my_tree/external.mk
export BR2_EXTERNAL_my_tree_PATH = /home/alexey/dev/article/ramdisk/my_small_linux/my_tree
export BR2_EXTERNAL_my_tree_DESC = My simple external-tree for article

Okubalulekile! Izindlela kuleli fayela zizobe ziphelele!

Into yezinketho zangaphandle ivele kumenyu:

Le submenu izoqukatha amaphakheji ethu avela esihlahleni sethu sangaphandle. Lesi sigaba asinalutho okwamanje.

Manje kubaluleke kakhulu ngathi ukuthi sibhale kabusha izindlela ezidingekayo ukuze sisebenzise isihlahla sangaphandle.

Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ku-Yakha izinketho → Indawo yokugcina i-buildroot config section, kuzoba nendlela ephelele eya ku-defconfig elondoloziwe. Yakhiwa ngesikhathi sokucacisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-extgernal_tree.

Sizophinda silungise izindlela esigabeni sokucushwa kweSistimu. Okwetafula elinabasebenzisi abadaliwe:

$(BR2_EXTERNAL_my_tree_PATH)/board/my_x86_board/users.txt

Esigabeni se-Kernel, shintsha indlela eya ekucushweni kwe-kernel:

$(BR2_EXTERNAL_my_tree_PATH)/board/my_x86_board/linux.config

Manje amafayela ethu avela esihlahleni sethu sangaphandle azosetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa. Uma uthuthela kwenye inkomba noma ubuyekeza i-buildroot, sizoba nezinkinga ezincane.

Ukwengeza imbondela ye-root fs:

Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi wengeze/ushintshe kalula amafayela ohlelweni lwefayela eliqondiwe.
Uma ifayela likumbondela yempande fs, kodwa lingekho kuthagethi, lizongezwa
Uma ifayela likumbondela yempande fs futhi likuthagethi, lizoshintshwa.
Okokuqala, ake simise indlela eya ku-root fs overlay dir. Lokhu kwenziwa esigabeni sokucushwa kweSistimu → Isigaba sezinkomba zokumbondelana kwesistimu yefayela le-Root:

$(BR2_EXTERNAL_my_tree_PATH)/board/my_x86_board/rootfs_overlay/

Manje ake sakhe amafayela amabili.

[alexey@alexey-pc my_small_linux]$ cat my_tree/board/my_x86_board/rootfs_overlay/etc/hosts 
127.0.0.1   localhost
127.0.1.1   my_small_linux
8.8.8.8     google-public-dns-a.google.com.
[alexey@alexey-pc my_small_linux]$ cat my_tree/board/my_x86_board/rootfs_overlay/new_file.txt 
This is new file from overlay

Ifayela lokuqala (my_tree/board/my_x86_board/rootfs_overlay/etc/hosts) lizongena esikhundleni sefayela /etc/hosts ohlelweni oluqediwe. Ifayela lesibili (cat my_tree/board/my_x86_board/rootfs_overlay/new_file.txt) lizongezwa.

Siqoqa futhi sihlole:

Ukwenziwa kwezikripthi zokwenza ngokwezifiso ezigabeni ezihlukene zokuhlanganisa isistimu

Ngokuvamile udinga ukwenza umsebenzi othile ngaphakathi kwesistimu yefayela eliqondiwe ngaphambi kokuthi lihlanganiswe ezithombeni.

Lokhu kungenziwa esigabeni sokucushwa kweSistimu:

Imibhalo yokuqala emibili isetshenziswa ngemva kokwakhiwa kwesistimu yefayela eliqondiwe, kodwa ngaphambi kokuthi ihlanganiswe ezithombeni. Umehluko ukuthi iskripthi se-fakeroot sisetshenziswa kumongo we-fakeroot, elingisa umsebenzi njengomsebenzisi wempande.

Iskripthi sokugcina senziwa ngemva kokudalwa kwezithombe zesistimu. Ungenza izenzo ezengeziwe kuyo, isibonelo, kopisha amafayela adingekayo kuseva ye-NFS noma udale isithombe se-firmware yedivayisi yakho.

Njengesibonelo, ngizodala iskripthi esizobhala inguqulo kanye nosuku lokwakha ku-/etc/.
Okokuqala ngizokhombisa indlela eya kuleli fayela esihlahleni sami sangaphandle:

Futhi manje iskripthi ngokwaso:

[alexey@alexey-pc buildroot]$ cat ../my_tree/board/my_x86_board/bef_cr_fs_img.sh 
#!/bin/sh
echo "my small linux 1.0 pre alpha" > output/target/etc/mysmalllinux-release
date >> output/target/etc/mysmalllinux-release

Ngemva kokuhlanganisa, ungabona leli fayela ohlelweni.

Empeleni, iskripthi singaba sikhulu. Ngakho-ke, kuphrojekthi yangempela ngithathe umzila othuthuke kakhulu:

1. Ngidale uhla lwemibhalo (my_tree/board_my_x86_board/inside_fakeroot_scripts) lapho kukhona imibhalo okufanele isetshenziswe, enezinombolo ze-serial. Isibonelo, 0001-add-my_small_linux-version.sh, 0002-clear-apache-root-dir.sh
2. Ngibhale iskripthi (my_tree/board_my_x86_board/run_inside_fakeroot.sh) esidlula kulolu hlu lwemibhalo futhi sikhiphe ngokulandelana imibhalo equkethwe kuyo.
3. Icacise lesi skripthi kuzilungiselelo zebhodi Ekucushweni Kwesistimu -> Izikripthi ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezizosebenza ngaphakathi kwendawo ye-fakeroot ($(BR2_EXTERNAL_my_tree_PATH)/board/my_x86_board/run_inside_fakeroot.sh) isigaba

Source: www.habr.com