🥇Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Plesk - Iphaneli Yokusingatha kanye Nokulawula Iwebhusayithi

I-Plesk iyithuluzi elinamandla nelisebenziseka kalula lokuhlanganisa konke ukwenza ngokushesha nangempumelelo yonke iwebhusayithi yakho yansuku zonke nokuphathwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza zewebhu noma imisebenzi yokubamba iwebhu. "U-6% wamawebhusayithi emhlabeni aphethwe ngephaneli ye-Plesk" - kusho mayelana neplatifomu, inkampani yonjiniyela kubhulogi yayo yebhizinisi ku-Habré. Sikwethulela isifinyezo esifushane sale nkundla yokubamba ekahle futhi mhlawumbe edume kakhulu, ilayisense elingathengwa mahhala kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka Iseva ye-VPS ku-RUVDS.

▍Mayelana nephaneli, umkhiqizo kanye nenkampani

I-Plesk isofthiwe yokuphathelene eyakhiwe eNovosibirsk futhi yaqala ukukhishwa e-US ngo-2001. Sekuyiminyaka engaba ngu-20, amalungelo epulatifomu atholwe yizinkampani ezahlukene ngokushintshana, ukushintsha izinhlobo namagama. Kusukela ngo-2015, i-Plesk ibe yinkampani ezimele yaseSwitzerland enamagatsha amaningana (kuhlanganise ne-Novosibirsk) kanye nabasebenzi abangaba ngu-500 (kuhlanganise nochwepheshe baseRussia kokubili ehhovisi elikhulu nasemagatsheni).

Izinguqulo ezintathu zokugcina:

I-Plesk 12,5 (2015)
I-Plesk Onix (2016-2019)
I-Plesk Obsidian (2020)

Iphaneli inezilimi eziningi. Ibhalwe nge-PHP, C, C++. Ukusekelwa kwezinguqulo eziningi ze-PHP, kanye ne-Ruby, i-Python ne-NodeJS; ukusekelwa okugcwele kwe-Git; ukuhlanganiswa ne-Docker; Ikhithi yamathuluzi ye-SEO. Isenzakalo ngasinye se-Plesk sivikelwa ngokuzenzakalelayo nge-SSL/TLS.

I-OS Esekelwe: IWindows nezinguqulo ezihlukahlukene ze-Linux. Ngezansi ungabona izimfuneko zalezi zi-OS.

Linux

Windows

Uhlelo lutholakala emibuthanweni ehlukene, ngayinye yakhelwe izethameli zayo zabasebenzisi. Isibonelo, iphaneli ivumela abalawuli ukuthi baphathe zonke izinsiza zesistimu ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo esisodwa sewebhu futhi banciphise izindleko zokulungisa ngokunikeza izinga elidingekayo lokuguquguquka nokulawula. Futhi ezinkampanini ezithengisa ukusingathwa okubonakalayo nokuzinikezele, iphaneli ikuvumela ukuthi uhlele izinsiza zeseva zibe amaphakheji futhi unikeze lawa maphakheji kumakhasimende - izinkampani noma abantu abafuna ukusingatha indawo yabo ku-intanethi, kodwa abanayo ingqalasizinda ye-IT edingekayo yalokhu.

▍Isikhungo Solwazi

Imibhalo kwethulwa kahle ezigabeni ezintathu: kubasebenzisi (ngokuhlukene komlawuli, iklayenti, umdayisi), kubasingathi / abahlinzeki kanye nabathuthukisi.

С Izifundo zePlesk ukuqalisa kuba sobala kangangokuthi iphaneli kulula ukuyiqonda ngisho nakulabo abaqale bahlangabezana nabaphathi bokusingatha. Izifundo ziyiziyalezo zesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ezihlokweni eziyisithupha:

Ukwakha iwebhusayithi yakho yokuqala
Ukwakhiwa kwesizindalwazi
Dala i-akhawunti ye-imeyili
Yengeza okufakiwe kwe-DNS okwengeziwe
Dala isipele sewebhusayithi
Ukushintsha iphasiwedi yakho nokuphuma ngemvume

Kukhona futhi Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa и Isikhungo Sosizo ngethuba lokuthatha izifundo zokuqeqesha kulokho okubizwa ngePlesk University. Futhi-ke asebenzayo. Plesk umphakathi forum. Ukusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe ngesiRashiya kuyatholakala kusukela ngoMsombuluko kuya kuLwesihlanu kusukela ngo-04.00 kuya ku-19.00 isikhathi saseMoscow; ngesiNgisi - 24x7x365.

Ukuqalisa

Iphaneli ingafakwa kuseva ebonakalayo noma emshinini obonakalayo (i-Linux kuphela) noma kuseva yefu (ozakwethu abasemthethweni be-Plesk: I-Google Cloud, i-Amazon Web Services, i-Microsoft Azure, i-Alibaba Cloud).

Ukuze uqalise ngokushesha, ukulungiselelwa okuzenzakalelayo kunikezwa okungaqalwa ngomyalo owodwa:

Qaphela: I-Plesk ifakwe ngaphandle kokhiye welayisensi yomkhiqizo. Ungathenga ilayisense kwa-RUVDS. Noma sebenzisa inguqulo eyisivivinyo umkhiqizo, ozosebenza izinsuku eziyi-14 ngezinjongo zolwazi.

Amachweba namaphrothokholi asetshenzisiwe

Amachweba namaphrothokholi e-Plesk

Iziphequluli ezisekelwe

Ideskithophu

I-Mozilla Firefox (inguqulo yakamuva) ye-Windows ne-Mac OS
I-Microsoft Internet Explorer 11.x ye-Windows
I-Microsoft Edge ye Windows 10
I-Apple Safari (inguqulo yakamuva) ye-Mac OS
I-Google Chrome (inguqulo yakamuva) ye-Windows ne-Mac OS

Ama-Smartphones namathebulethi

Isiphequluli esizenzakalelayo (Safari) ku-iOS 8
Isiphequluli esizenzakalelayo ku-Android 4.x
Isiphequluli Esizenzakalelayo (IE) ku-Windows Phone 8

isikhombikubona

E-Plesk, iqembu ngalinye labasebenzisi linokuxhumana kwalo okuhambisana nezidingo zabo. Isixhumi esibonakalayo sabahlinzeki bosokhaya sihlanganisa amathuluzi okunikeza ukusingathwa, okuhlanganisa isistimu yokukhokha ehlanganisiwe yokuzenzakalela kwebhizinisi. Izinkampani ezisebenzisa inkundla ukuze zilawule ingqalasizinda yazo yewebhu zikwazi ukufinyelela imisebenzi eminingi yokuphatha iseva: ukubuyiselwa kwesistimu, ukucushwa kweseva yewebhu, nokunye okunjalo. Ake sibheke izinguqulo ezimbili zakamuva zesikhulumi - i-Plesk Onyx ne-Plesk Obsidian - ngeso lomphathi wewebhu.

▍Izici zabalawuli bewebhu

Ama-akhawunti womsebenzisi. Dala ama-akhawunti abasebenzisi ahlukene anemininingwane yabo. Chaza izindima zabasebenzisi nokubhaliselwe komsebenzisi ngamunye noma iqembu labasebenzisi.

Okubhaliselwe. Dala okubhaliselwe ngesethi ethile yezinsiza namasevisi ahlotshaniswa nohlelo lokulungisa futhi unikeze abasebenzisi ukufinyelela ngokuya ngendima yabo yomsebenzisi. Nciphisa inani lezinsiza zesistimu (CPU, RAM, disk I/O) ezingasetshenziswa ngokubhaliselwe okuthile.

Izindima zabasebenzisi. Nika amandla noma vimbela ukusebenza nezithonjana zabasebenzisi abangabodwana. Nikeza amaleveli ahlukene okufinyelela kubasebenzisi abahlukene kuleveli yokubhalisa efanayo.

Uhlelo lwesondlo. Dala uhlelo lokulungisa oluchaza ukusatshalaliswa kwezinsiza zakho, njengenani lesikhala sediski, umkhawulokudonsa, nezinye izici ezinikezwa ikhasimende lakho.

Usekelo lweseva yemeyili. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, iseva yeposi ye-Postfix kanye ne-Courier IMAP zifakwe ku-Plesk ye-Linux, futhi i-MailEnable ifakwe ku-Plesk ye-Windows.

I-DKIM, i-SPF kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-DMARC. I-Plesk isekela i-DKIM, i-SPF, i-SRS, i-DMARC ukuze kuqinisekiswe i-imeyili.

I-OS esekelwe. Inguqulo yakamuva ye-Plesk ye-Linux/Unix isekela amapulatifomu amaningi ahlanganisa i-Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS, Red Hat Linux, kanye ne-CloudLinux.

Ukuphathwa kwesizindalwazi. Skena, buyisela, bika, lungisa imininingo egciniwe esekelwe.

I-PCI DSS ithobelana ngaphandle kwebhokisi. Vikela iseva yakho futhi uzuze ukuthobela i-PCI DSS kuseva ye-Linux.

Ukuhlela umsebenzi. Setha isikhathi nosuku ukuze usebenzise imiyalo ethile noma imisebenzi.

Isibuyekezo sesistimu. Buyekeza wonke amaphakheji esistimu atholakala kuseva ngokwenza noma ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphandle kokuvula ikhonsoli.

I-Plesk Migrator. Ukufuduka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa umugqa womyalo. Imithombo esekelwe: cPanel, Confixx, DirectAdmin neminye.

Umphathi weseva unamandla okushintsha ukubukeka, izilawuli futhi ngisho ilogo yephaneli ukuphathwa kweseva ngokwezidingo. Shintsha izilungiselelo zesixhumi esibonakalayo Kungenzeka kokubili ngezinjongo zokumaketha, futhi nje ukuze kube lula emsebenzini. Ingasetshenziswa izihloko zakho. Funda okungakumbi ngo- umhlahlandlela wabaphathi.

Ukwenza ngokwezifiso inkinobho

I-interface inomklamo oguquguqukayo wokusebenza kusuka kuma-smartphones, kungenzeka ukuthi amaklayenti angene ngokuzenzakalelayo ku-Plesk kusuka kuzinsiza zangaphandle ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa kabusha (isibonelo, kusuka kuphaneli yomhlinzeki wabo wokubamba), ikhono lokwabelana ngezixhumanisi eziqondile ezikrinini. Cabangela ithebhu "Amasayithi Nezizinda".

Amasayithi nezizinda ithebhu

Lesi sigaba sibonisa igama lomsebenzisi lomsebenzisi ongene ngemvume kanye nokubhalisa okukhethiwe okwamanje. Umsebenzisi angashintsha izici ze-akhawunti yakhe futhi akhethe ukuthi yikuphi ukubhalisa azokuphatha.
Lokhu kuqukethe imenyu yosizo evula imanuwali ye-inthanethi yomongo futhi ikuvumela ukuthi ubuke okokufundisa kwevidiyo.
Sesha.
Lesi sigaba siqukethe ibha yokuzula esiza ukuhlela isixhumi esibonakalayo se-Plesk. Amathuluzi ahlanganiswe ngokusebenza, isibonelo, amathuluzi okuphatha izilungiselelo zokuba usokhaya atholakala ekhasini elithi Amawebhusayithi kanye Nezizinda, futhi amathuluzi okuphatha ama-akhawunti e-imeyili atholakala ekhasini le-Imeyili. Nansi incazelo emfushane yawo wonke amathebhu kanye nokusebenza okunikeziwe:
- Amawebhusayithi nezizinda. Amathuluzi ethulwe lapha avumela amakhasimende ukuthi engeze futhi asuse izizinda, izizinda ezingaphansi, neziteketiso zesizinda. Zikuvumela futhi ukuthi uphathe izilungiselelo ezahlukahlukene zokubamba iwebhu, udale futhi uphathe imininingwane yolwazi kanye nabasebenzisi bazo, uguqule izilungiselelo ze-DNS, futhi uvikele amasayithi anezitifiketi ze-SSL/TLS.
- Imeyili. Amathuluzi ethulwe lapha avumela amaklayenti ukuthi engeze futhi asuse ama-akhawunti e-imeyili, kanye nokuphatha izilungiselelo zeseva yemeyili.
- Izicelo. Amathuluzi ethulwe lapha avumela amakhasimende ukuthi afake kalula futhi aphathe izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezahlukene zewebhu.
- Amafayela. Okuthulwe lapha isiphathi sefayela esisekelwe kuwebhu esivumela amakhasimende ukuthi alayishe okuqukethwe kumasayithi futhi aphathe amafayela asevele ekhona kuseva ekubhaliseni kwawo.
- Isizindalwazi. Lapha amaklayenti angakha amasha futhi aphathe imininingwane ekhona.
- Ukwabelana ngefayela. Lena isevisi yokwabelana ngamafayela evumela amakhasimende ukuthi agcine amafayela omuntu siqu futhi abelane ngawo nabanye abasebenzisi be-Plesk.
- Izibalo. Nali ulwazi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwesikhala sediski kanye nethrafikhi, kanye nesixhumanisi sezibalo zokuvakasha, okubonisa ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nezivakashi zesayithi.
- Iseva. Lolu lwazi lubonakala kuphela kumphathi weseva. Nawa amathuluzi avumela umlawuli ukuthi asethe izilungiselelo zeseva yomhlaba wonke.
- Izandiso. Lapha, amakhasimende angaphatha izandiso ezifakwe ku-Plesk futhi asebenzise ukusebenza kwalezo zandiso.
- Abasebenzisi. Amathuluzi ethulwe lapha avumela amakhasimende ukuthi engeze futhi asuse ama-akhawunti omsebenzisi.
- Iphrofayela yami. Lolu lwazi lubonakala kuphela kumodi yomsebenzisi wamandla. Lapha ungabuka futhi ubuyekeze imininingwane yokuxhumana nolunye ulwazi lomuntu siqu.
- I-akhawunti. Lolu lwazi lubonakala kuphela Kuphaneli Yeklayenti Lokusingatha Okubonakalayo. Ihlinzeka ngolwazi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwezinsiza zokubhalisa, izinketho zokubamba ezinikeziwe namalungelo. Ngalawa mathuluzi, amakhasimende angakwazi ukubuyisa futhi abuyekeze imininingwane yawo yokuxhumana nolunye ulwazi lomuntu siqu, kanye nokwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni yezilungiselelo zokubhaliselwe kanye namawebhusayithi.
- I-Docker. Le elementi iyabonakala uma isandiso sesiphathi se-Docker sifakiwe. Lapha ungagijima futhi uphathe iziqukathi ezakhiwe ngezithombe ze-Docker.
Lesi sigaba siqukethe zonke izilawuli ezihlobene nethebhu evuliwe okwamanje. Isithombe-skrini sinethebhu ethi Amasayithi Nezizinda evuliwe, ebonisa amathuluzi ahlukahlukene okuphatha izici zokubhaliselwe ezihlobene nokusingathwa kwewebhu.
Lesi sigaba siqukethe izilawuli ezahlukahlukene kanye nolwazi oluqoqwe ukuze kube lula kumsebenzisi.

Ukuze wenze imisebenzi eminingi yansuku zonke, ezimweni eziningi uzodinga ukuvula ithebhu eyodwa bese uchofoza izilawuli ezethulwe lapho. Uma iphaneli ingenayo ithebhu noma ithuluzi olifunayo, kungenzeka likhutshaziwe kulokho okubhaliselwe. Uhlolojikelele olunemininingwane yezinto zebha yokuzula ngakwesokunxele kwesikrini lapha. Kunguqulo entsha ye-Plesk Obsidian, isixhumi esibonakalayo sizofaka umklamo omusha we-UX okhangayo owenza ukuphathwa kwewebhusayithi kube lula nakakhulu futhi kuhambisana ngokugcwele nendlela ochwepheshe bewebhu abadala ngayo, bavikele futhi baqhube amaseva nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikala efwini.

I-Plesk Obsidian

Ukuphathwa kweseva ku-Linux

Abalawuli bangasebenzisa amathuluzi amaningana engeziwe afakwe nokusatshalaliswa kwe-Plesk okujwayelekile ukuze bengeze imisebenzi ezenzakalelayo yokuzenzakalela, ukwenza isipele nokubuyisela idatha, nokubuyisela izingxenye ze-Plesk nezilungiselelo zesistimu. Amathuluzi ahlanganisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbalwa ezizimele, izinsiza zomugqa womyalo, kanye nekhono lokuhlanganisa imibhalo yangokwezifiso ne-Plesk. Ukwenza kalula imisebenzi yokuphatha iseva, kukhona imfundo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, equkethe izigaba ezilandelayo:

Isingeniso ku-Plesk. Ichaza izingxenye eziyinhloko namasevisi aphethwe yi-Plesk, imigomo yelayisense, kanye nendlela yokufaka nokuthuthukisa izingxenye ze-Plesk.
Ukucushwa kosokhaya okubonakalayo. Ichaza imiqondo yababungazi ababonakalayo nokusebenzisa kwabo e-Plesk. Iqukethe imiyalelo yokuthi kungani futhi ungashintsha kanjani ukucushwa kwayo.
Ukuphathwa kwesevisi. Inikeza izincazelo zamasevisi angaphandle amaningi asetshenziswa kuseva ye-Plesk kanye nemiyalelo yokuwamisa nokuwasebenzisa.
Ukugcinwa kwesistimu. Ichaza ukuthi ulishintsha kanjani igama lomethuleli weseva, amakheli e-IP, nezindawo zohla lwemibhalo ukuze kugcinwe amafayela asokhaya abonakalayo, izipele, nokuqukethwe kwemeyili. Lesi sahluko siphinde sihlanganise amathuluzi omugqa womyalo we-Plesk, injini yokubhala yemicimbi ye-Plesk, kanye ne-Service Monitor, ekuvumela ukuthi uqaphe futhi uqale kabusha izinsizakalo ngaphandle kokungena ku-Plesk.
Ukwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni, ukutholwa kanye nokuthuthwa kwedatha. Ichaza indlela yokwenza ikhophi yasenqolobaneni nokubuyisela idatha ye-Plesk usebenzisa i-pleskbackup kanye nezinsiza zomugqa womyalo we-pleskrestore, futhi yethula amathuluzi okuthutha idatha ephethwe phakathi kwamaseva.
Izibalo kanye nezingodo. Ichaza ukuthi zenziwa kanjani izibalo ezifunekayo esikhaleni sediski kanye nokusetshenziswa kwethrafikhi, nokuthi ungawafinyelela kanjani amalogi weseva yewebhu.
Ukukhula kokukhiqiza. Ihlinzeka ngolwazi lokuthi ungayithuthukisa kanjani i-Plesk usebenzisa isofthiwe.
Ukuphepha okungeziwe. Iqukethe imiyalelo yokuthi ungayivikela kanjani iseva ye-Plesk kanye namasayithi aphethwe kuyo ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe.
Ukwenza ngokwezifiso ukubukeka nezinto ze-Plesk GUI. Yethula amatimu e-Plesk angasetshenziswa ukwenza ngendlela oyifisayo ukubukeka nokufaka uphawu kwe-Plesk, futhi ichaza indlela yokukhipha izici ezithile ze-Plesk GUI noma ukushintsha ukuziphatha kwazo.
Ukwenza kwasendaweni. Yethula izindlela zokwenza i-Plesk GUI ibe ngeyasendaweni ezilimini i-Plesk enganikeli ngayo ukwenziwa kwasendaweni.
Ukuxazulula inkinga. Ichaza indlela yokuxazulula inkinga yezinsizakalo ze-Plesk.

Izandiso

Amathuluzi engeziwe, izici namasevisi kungatholwa ngobuningi bezandiso ezinikezwe ku umtapo wezincwadiihlukaniswe kahle izigaba.

I-Plesk Extension Library

Nazi ezinye ezidume kakhulu nezisathuthuka:

I-WordPress Toolkit iyindawo eyodwa yokulawula ye-WordPress yabaphathi beseva, abathengisi namakhasimende. Kunesici esithi "Smart Updates" esihlaziya izibuyekezo ze-WordPress ngobuhlakani bokwenziwa ukuze sinqume ukuthi ukufaka isibuyekezo kungase kwephule okuthile.

Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-WordPress Toolkit

Ikhithi yamathuluzi ye-SEO - Amathuluzi we-SEO.
Joomla! Ikhithi yamathuluzi — isethi ephelele yamathuluzi e-Power Joomla!
Yenza isipele ku-Cloud Pro - isipele okuzenzakalelayo.
Site.pro Builder - Umakhi wewebhusayithi.
Iphakethe Lokusingatha - ukwakhiwa kwamaphakheji amaklayenti avela ezinkampanini zokubamba.
I-Server Shield ngu-Cloudflare - ivikela amawebhusayithi ezinsongweni ze-inthanethi (ukugebenga, ugaxekile, ama-botnets, ukuhlaselwa kwe-DDoS) futhi isheshisa ukulayisha kwawo.

Unganciphisa isikhathi sokuphendula samasayithi kanye nomthwalo kuseva usebenzisa Nginx ukulondoloza isikhashana. Umsebenzi ungenziwa ucushwe ngesixhumi esibonakalayo sephaneli.

Nginx

isiphetho

Njengoba ubona, kubaphathi bewebhu, i-Plesk yakhelwe ukwenza ukuphatha amawebhusayithi, izizinda, amabhokisi eposi, kanye nesizindalwazi kube lula futhi kujabulise. Sithemba ukuthi lokhu kubuyekezwa kuzosiza lawo amakhasimende ethu athenga iseva ebonakalayo ku-RUVDS ukuthi bathole ama-bearings abo e-Plesk. Kuze kube sekupheleni konyaka, ilayisense lephaneli lihamba mahhala VPS.

Source: www.habr.com

Ukubuyekezwa kwe-Plesk - Iphaneli Yokusingatha Nokulawula Iwebhusayithi