Unjiniyela u-Emmanuele Bassi uyaqiniseka ukuthi ngezibuyekezo ezintsha zokusebenziseka, ideskithophu ye-GNOME izovumelana nezimo futhi ibe lula.
Ngo-2005, abathuthukisi be-GNOME bazibekela umgomo wokubamba u-10% wemakethe yamakhompiyutha edeskithophu yomhlaba ngo-2010. Iminyaka engu-15 isidlulile. Isabelo samakhompyutha edeskithophu ane-Linux ebhodini cishe si-2%. Ingabe izinto zizoshintsha ngemva kokukhishwa okusha okuningana? Futhi noma kunjalo, yini ekhethekile ngabo?
Imvelo yedeskithophu ibe nezinguquko eziningi kusukela yakhululwa okokuqala ngoMashi 1999. Kusukela lapho, iphrojekthi yomthombo ovulekile ibilokhu ikhipha izibuyekezo kabili ngonyaka. Ngakho manje abasebenzisi bazi kusengaphambili ukuthi bangalindela nini izici ezintsha ukuthi zivele.
Ukukhishwa kwakamuva ikhishwe ngoMashi, futhi manje abathuthukisi bahlela ukukhishwa okulandelayo ngoSepthemba. Ngikhulume no-Emmanuele Bassi ukuthola ukuthi yini ekhethekile ngenguqulo yamanje ye-GNOME—futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, yini entsha ezinguqulweni ezizayo.
U-Emmanuele ubesebenza neqembu le-GNOME iminyaka engaphezu kwe-15. Waqale wasebenza kuphrojekthi eyanikeza abathuthukisi amandla okusebenzisa imitapo yolwazi ye-GNOME nezinye izilimi zokuhlela, wabe esedlulela ethimbeni lokuthuthukisa i-GTK, iwijethi yenkundla ephambanayo yokuthuthukisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-GNOME. Ngo-2018, i-GNOME yemukele u-Emmanuele eqenjini le-GTK Core, lapho esebenza khona emtatsheni wezincwadi we-GTK kanye neplatifomu yokuthuthukisa uhlelo lwe-GNOME.
I-GNOME 3.36 ikhishwe ngoMashi 2020. Yiziphi izici zalo okufanele sazi ngazo ngempela?
Emmanuelle Basi: [Okokuqala, ngifuna ukuveza ukuthi] I-GNOME ilandele isimiso esiqinile sokukhululwa iminyaka engu-18. Inguqulo elandelayo ye-GNOME ikhishwa hhayi ngoba noma yiziphi izici sezilungile, kodwa ngokohlelo. Lokhu kwenza ukusebenza ekukhishweni kube lula. Kwa-GNOME, asilindi ukuthi isici esikhulu esilandelayo silunge. Kunalokho, sivele sikhiphe ukukhishwa okusha njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Sihlala silungisa iziphazamisi, sengeza izici ezintsha futhi sipholisha yonke into ukuze ikhanye.
Kulokhu kukhululwa, sihlole ukuthi yonke imisebenzi ilula futhi iyajabulisa ukuyisebenzisa. I-GNOME 3.36 inokuthuthuka okuningi kokusebenziseka. Isibonelo, ngithanda ikhono lokuvala izaziso. Lesi sici besitholakala kunguqulo yakudala kakhulu ye-GNOME, kodwa sasuswa esikhathini esithile esidlule ngoba asizange sisebenze ngendlela ethembekile. Kodwa siyibuyise ngoba lesi sici siwusizo kakhulu futhi sibalulekile kubantu abaningi.
Ungavula noma uvale izaziso kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa, noma uzenze ngendlela oyifisayo kuhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye olusebenzisayo. Ungathola lesi sici kokuthi Izilungiselelo ze-GNOME, kumenyu yezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Sengeze futhi sathuthukisa isikrini sokukhiya se-GNOME. Sekuyiminyaka isebenza, kodwa manje isilungile. Uma isikrini sokukhiya siboniswa, ingemuva lendawo yokusebenza yamanje liyafiphala, kodwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo azikabonakali. Besisebenzela kulokhu kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene eziphindaphindweni ezintathu noma ezine zokugcina futhi sinqobe izinselele eziningi ukuze senze yonke into isebenze kahle.
Enye into esiyithole ibalulekile ngokubona kokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi kwaba ukufinyelela kuzo zonke Izandiso. Ngaphambilini, izandiso bezikwazi ukufinyelelwa ngeSikhungo Sezicelo (i-GNOME Software Center), kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu owayazi ngakho. Manje sesidlulisele ukuphathwa kwesandiso kuhlelo lokusebenza oluhlukile.
Futhi sithuthukise kancane igobolondo le-GNOME uqobo. Isibonelo, amafolda ku-Launcher ayisici esisha esihle. Kulula ngempela ukudala amaqembu akho ohlelo lokusebenza noma amafolda kusiqalisi. Abasebenzisi abaningi bebelokhu becela lokhu isikhathi eside. Amafolda empeleni engezwe kunguqulo yangaphambili ye-GNOME, kodwa [isici] sidinga umsebenzi othile ukuze sikwenze kuphole ngempela. Futhi ngithemba ukuthi uyakwazisa ku-GNOME 3.36.
Amafolda abonakala kakhulu futhi abukeka emuhle. I-GNOME izophakamisa igama lefolda yakho, kodwa kulula kakhulu ukuyiqamba kabusha uma ufuna.
Yiziphi izici ze-GNOME ezingabalulekile noma ezinganakwa?
E.B.: Angazi ukuthi zikhona yini ezinye izici ezibaluleke ngempela ku-GNOME 3.36. Uma ungumsebenzisi osindayo we-GNOME, khona-ke into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyazise ukusebenzelana okuthuthukisiwe komsebenzisi. Siphinde sikhulume ngokusebenzelana “okunobuhlakani” [nobungane] kakhulu nomsebenzisi. Uhlelo akufanele lukunike noma iyiphi inkinga.
[Ngiphinde ngakhumbula ukuthi] senze umsebenzi ube lula ngenkambu yokufaka iphasiwedi. Ngaphambilini, yonke into bekumele yenziwe ngemenyu obekumele uyithole ngandlela thize, kodwa manje yonke into isesandleni sakho.
Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa amaphasiwedi amade nayinkimbinkimbi njengoba ngenza. Kunoma isiphi isimo, uma ufaka iphasiwedi, ungachofoza isithonjana esincane ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uyifake ngendlela efanele.
E.B.: Izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ku-GNOME manje ziphendula ekushintsheni usayizi. Ngokuphendula lezi zinguquko, isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi siklanywa kabusha. Uhlelo lokusebenza Lwezilungiselelo luyisibonelo esihle kulokhu. Uma wenza iwindi layo libe lincane kakhulu, lizobonisa izici ze-UI ngendlela ehlukile. Sisebenze kulokhu ngenxa yezidingo ezivelayo zokusabela: izinkampani ezifana ne-Purism zisebenzisa i-GNOME kwabanye osayizi besikrini (kuhlanganise namafoni), kanye nezici zefomu ezahlukene.
Ngeke uphawule izinguquko ezithile uze uqale ukusebenzisa ideskithophu ye-GNOME. Kunezici eziningi ezinhle ezikuvumela ukuthi wenze ngendlela oyifisayo i-GNOME ukuze ivumelane nezintandokazi zakho.
Awuyena nje umthuthukisi kuphela, kodwa futhi ungumsebenzisi we-GNOME. Ngicela ungitshele ukuthi yiziphi izici ze-GNOME ozithola ziwusizo kakhulu emsebenzini wakho wansuku zonke?
E.B.: Ngisebenzisa ukuzulazula kwekhibhodi kakhulu. Ngisebenzisa ikhibhodi ngaso sonke isikhathi: Ngihlala ngibeke izandla zami kukhibhodi. Ukusebenzisa igundane kakhulu kungase kungenze ngithole i-RSI (ubuhlungu bemisipha noma ukulimala okubangelwa ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe okusheshayo). Ukukwazi ukusebenzisa ikhibhodi kuphela kuhle.
Uhlelo oluthuthukisiwe lwe-hotkey lungenye yezinzuzo nengxenye yesiko le-GNOME. Idizayini yethu ithuthuka ngendlela efanayo, esekelwe ku-paradigm yokusebenzisa okhiye "abasheshayo". Ngakho-ke kuyingxenye eyinhloko yolimi lokuklama, hhayi isici esengeziwe esizosuswa ngolunye usuku.
Ukwengeza, ngidinga ukuvula amawindi amaningi esikrinini futhi ngiwahlele esikhaleni. Ngivame ukubeka amawindi amabili eceleni. Ngisebenzisa nezindawo zokusebenza eziningi. Ngizamile ukuphatha izindawo zami zokusebenza emuva ngeminyaka yawo-1990s ngisebenzisa amadeskithophu ahlukile. Kepha bengihlala nginamadeskithophu engeziwe abonakalayo ahlezi nxazonke. I-GNOME ikwenza kube lula ukwakha indawo yokusebenza entsha noma nini lapho uyidinga. Futhi linyamalala kalula nje lapho isidingo salo sishabalala.
Yiziphi izinto ezithakazelisayo esingazilindela ku-GNOME 3.37 naku-GNOME 3.38, okuhlelelwe uSepthemba 2020?
E.B.: Izinguquko zenzeka njalo. Isibonelo, manje sisebenza kugridi yohlelo lokusebenza kanye nezilungiselelo zayo. Njengamanje, izinhlelo zokusebenza zihlungwa ngamagama futhi zihlelwa ngama-alfabhethi, kodwa maduze uzokwazi ukuzihudula futhi uzihlele ngokungahleliwe. Lokhu kuphawula ukuphela koshintsho olukhulu osekuyiminyaka emihlanu noma ngaphezulu sisebenza kulo. Umgomo wethu uwukwenza i-GNOME ingabi namandla futhi igxile kubasebenzisi.
Siphinde sasebenza ku-GNOME Shell. Onjiniyela bafuna ukwenza ezinye izivivinyo Ngokubuka konke. Namuhla unephaneli kwesokunxele, iphaneli kwesokudla, namafasitela phakathi nendawo. Sizozama ukususa ideshibhodi ngoba, ngokubona kwethu, ayinamsebenzi. Kodwa usengakwazi ukuyibuyisela futhi uyilungiselele. Lolu uhlobo lokuvuma ngekhanda kuselula-kuqala. Kodwa kukhompuyutha yedeskithophu, ukumodi yokwakheka kwezwe futhi unezindlu eziningi ezithengiswayo zesikrini. Futhi kudivayisi yeselula kunesikhala esincane, ngakho sizama izindlela ezintsha zokubonisa okuqukethwe. Ezinye zazo zizovela ku-GNOME 3.38, kodwa yonke le indaba yesikhathi eside, ngakho-ke masingaqageli.
Kuzoba nezinketho eziningi kuzilungiselelo ze-GNOME. I-GNOME 3.38 izofaka ibha yamathuluzi yokwenza izinto eziningi. Ezinye zezilungiselelo ezintsha sezivele zenziwe kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-GNOME Tweaks, futhi ezinye zazo zizosuka ku-Tweaks ziye kuhlelo lokusebenza oluyinhloko Lwezilungiselelo. Isibonelo, ikhono lokuvala ikhona elishisayo - abanye abantu abasithandi lesi sici. Sizokunikeza ikhono lokwenza ngokwezifiso ulwazi lwakho lomsebenzisi ezikrinini eziningi, ngasinye sinendawo yaso yokusebenza. Iningi lalawa ma-tweaks awatholakali okwamanje, ngakho-ke siyawasusa ku-GNOME Tweaks.
[Sengiphetha,] ngamunye wethu wenze umsebenzi omningi ukwenza i-GNOME ibe ngcono, okuhlanganisa neyabantu abasebenzisa amasistimu alinganiselwe njenge-Raspberry Pi. Sekukonke, sisebenze kanzima futhi siyaqhubeka nokusebenza kanzima ukuze sithuthukise i-GNOME [futhi siyenze isebenziseke kalula].Emalungelo Wokukhangisa
Kudingeka ? Nathi ungakwazi ukufaka ngokuphelele noma iyiphi isistimu yokusebenza. Amaseva ethu amaqhawe anamaphrosesa esimanje futhi anamandla avela ku-AMD alungile. Ukucushwa okubanzi okunenkokhelo yansuku zonke.
Source: www.habr.com