Incwadi ethi “Indlela yokuphatha izihlakaniphi. Mina, izihlakaniphi kanye nama-geek"

Kunikezelwe kubaphathi bephrojekthi (nalabo abaphupha ngokuba ngabaphathi).

Ukubhala amathani ekhodi kunzima, kodwa ukuphatha abantu kunzima nakakhulu! Ngakho-ke udinga nje le ncwadi ukuze ufunde ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani kokubili.

Kungenzeka yini ukuhlanganisa izindaba ezihlekisayo nezifundo ezibalulekile? UMichael Lopp (owaziwa futhi emibuthanweni emincane ngokuthi amaRandi) uphumelele. Uzothola izindaba eziqanjiwe ezimayelana nabantu abaqanjiwe abanolwazi oluzuzisa ngendlela emangalisayo (nakuba okuyinganekwane). Lena yindlela amaRands abelana ngayo ngezinto ezihlukahlukene, ngezinye izikhathi eziyinqaba azizuze eminyakeni edlule esebenza ezinkampanini ezinkulu ze-IT: i-Apple, i-Pinterest, i-Palantir, i-Netscape, i-Symantec, njll.

Ingabe ungumphathi wephrojekthi? Noma ufuna ukuqonda ukuthi umphathi wakho omkhulu wenzani usuku lonke? Amarandi azokufundisa ukuthi ungaphila kanjani Emhlabeni Onobuthi WamaTurkey Anamandla futhi uchume kulobuhlanya obujwayelekile babantu abangasebenzi kahle. Kulo mphakathi ongavamile we-maniacal brainics kukhona ngisho nezidalwa ezingaziwayo - abaphathi okuthi, ngomkhuba wenhlangano ongaqondakali, bathole amandla phezu kwezinhlelo, imicabango kanye nama-akhawunti asebhange abantu abaningi.

Leli bhuku alifani nanoma yimuphi umbhalo wesandla wokuphatha noma wobuholi. UMichael Lopp akafihli lutho, uvele ayitshele njengoba injalo (mhlawumbe akuzona zonke izindaba okufanele zenziwe esidlangalaleni: P). Kodwa kungale ndlela kuphela lapho uzoqonda ukuthi ungasinda kanjani nomphathi onjalo, ukuphatha ama-geek nama-nerds, nokuthi ungaletha kanjani "le phrojekthi embi" esiphethweni esijabulisayo!

Ingcaphuno. Ingqondo yobunjiniyela

Imicabango kokuthi: Ingabe Kufanele Uqhubeke Nokubhala Ikhodi?

Incwadi yeRands ngemithetho yabaphathi iqukethe uhlu olufushane kakhulu lwesimanjemanje "okufanele ukwenze." I-laconicism yalolu hlu ivela eqinisweni lokuthi umqondo othi "kufanele" uwuhlobo oluphelele, futhi uma kuziwa kubantu, kunemibono embalwa kakhulu. Indlela yokuphatha eyimpumelelo yesisebenzi esisodwa izoba inhlekelele yangempela komunye. Lo mcabango uyinto yokuqala ohlwini "okufanele ukwenze" lomphathi:

Hlala uvumelana nezimo!

Ukucabanga ukuthi usuyazi yonke into kuwumbono omubi kakhulu. Esimeni lapho okuwukuphela kweqiniso elihlala njalo liwukuthi umhlaba ushintsha njalo, ukuguquguquka kuba ukuphela kwendawo efanele.

Ngokuxakayo, into yesibili ohlwini ayiguquki ngendlela emangalisayo. Nokho, leli phuzu liyintandokazi yami siqu ngoba ngikholwa ukuthi liyasiza ekwakheni isisekelo sokukhula kwabaphathi. Lesi sigaba sifundeka kanje:

Yeka ukubhala ikhodi!

Ngokombono, uma ufuna ukuba umphathi, kufanele ufunde ukuthemba labo abakusebenzelayo futhi ubanikeze amakhodi ngokuphelele. Lesi seluleko ngokuvamile kunzima ukusigaya, ikakhulukazi kubaphathi abasanda kwenziwa. Mhlawumbe esinye sezizathu ezenza babe ngabaphathi kungenxa yokukhiqiza kwabo ekuthuthukisweni, futhi lapho izinto zingahambi kahle, ukusabela kwabo kokuqala wukubuyela emakhonweni abawethemba ngokugcwele, okuyikhono labo lokubhala amakhodi.

Lapho ngibona ukuthi umphathi osanda kwenziwa “uyacwila” ekubhaleni ikhodi, ngiyamtshela: “Siyazi ukuthi ungakwazi ukubhala ikhodi. Umbuzo uwukuthi: ungahola? Awusenacala ngawe wedwa, ubhekene neqembu lonke; futhi ngifuna ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ungakwazi ukwenza ithimba lakho lizixazulule ngokwalo izinkinga, ngaphandle kokuthi uzibhalele ikhodi wena. Umsebenzi wakho ukuthola ukuthi ungazikala kanjani. Angifuni ube munye nje, ngifuna kube baningi abafana nawe."

Iseluleko esihle, akunjalo? Isikali. Abaphathi. Isibopho. Ama-buzzwords anjalo ajwayelekile. Kuyadabukisa ukuthi iseluleko asilungile.

Akulungile?

Yebo. Iseluleko asilungile! Kwakungelona iphutha ngokuphelele, kodwa kwakungalungile kangangokuthi kwadingeka ngishayele abanye engangisebenza nabo ngixolise: “Uyasikhumbula leso sitatimende sami engisithandayo mayelana nokuthi kufanele uyeke kanjani ukubhala ikhodi? Akulungile! Yebo... Qala ukuhlela futhi. Qala ngePython noRuby. Yebo, ngizimisele! Umsebenzi wakho uncike kuwo!”

Ngenkathi ngiqala umsebenzi wami wokuba umthuthukisi we-software e-Borland, ngasebenza eqenjini le-Paradox Windows, okwakuyiqembu elikhulu. Bekukhona abathuthukisi bezicelo abayi-13 bodwa. Uma ungeza abantu abavela kwamanye amaqembu nabo abebehlala besebenza ngobuchwepheshe obubalulekile bale phrojekthi, njengenjini yesizindalwazi esiyinhloko kanye nezinsizakalo zohlelo lokusebenza, uthole onjiniyela abangu-50 ababambe iqhaza ngokuqondile ekuthuthukisweni kwalo mkhiqizo.

Alikho elinye iqembu engake ngalisebenzela ngisho elisondela kulo sayizi. Eqinisweni, unyaka ngamunye odlulayo, inani labantu eqenjini engisebenza kulo liyancipha kancane kancane. Kwenzakalani? Ingabe thina onjiniyela sihlangene siya ngohlakanipha futhi sihlakaniphe? Cha, sabelana ngomthwalo nje.

Benzani onjiniyela kule minyaka engu-20 edlule? Ngalesi sikhathi sabhala i-shitload yekhodi. Ulwandle lwekhodi! Sibhale amakhodi amaningi kangangokuthi sanquma ukuthi kungaba umqondo omuhle ukwenza yonke into ibe lula futhi siye kumthombo ovulekile.

Ngenhlanhla, ngenxa ye-inthanethi, le nqubo manje isibe lula ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma ungumthuthukisi wesoftware, ungayihlola khona manje! Sesha igama lakho ku-Google noma ku-Github futhi uzobona ikhodi osuyikhohlwe kudala, kodwa engatholwa yinoma ubani. Scary, akunjalo? Ubungazi ukuthi ikhodi iphila phakade? Yebo, uphila phakade.

Ikhodi iphila phakade. Futhi ikhodi enhle ayihlali phakade kuphela, iyakhula ngoba labo abayazisayo bahlale beqinisekisa ukuthi ihlala isha. Le nqwaba yekhodi yekhwalithi ephezulu, enakekelwe kahle isiza ukwehlisa isilinganiso sosayizi weqembu lonjiniyela ngoba isivumela ukuthi sigxile kukhodi ekhona kunokuba sibhale ikhodi entsha, futhi senze umsebenzi wenziwe ngabantu abambalwa nangesikhathi esifushane.

Lo mkhakha wokucabanga uzwakala ucindezela, kodwa umqondo wukuthi sonke siyinqwaba nje yokuhlanganisa i-automata esebenzisa i-duct tape ukuxhuma izingcezu ezihlukene zezinto ezikhona ndawonye ukuze sakhe inguqulo ehluke kancane yento efanayo. Lona umugqa wakudala wokucabanga phakathi kwezikhulu eziphezulu ezithanda ukukhishwa kwemisebenzi. “Noma ubani owazi ukusebenzisa i-Google futhi one-tape yokudonsa angakwenza lokhu! Pho kungani sikhokha imali eningi emishinini yethu?”

Laba bafana sibakhokhela imali enkulu ngempela, kodwa bacabanga umbhedo onjalo. Nakulokhu futhi, iphuzu lami elibalulekile ukuthi baningi abathuthukisi abahlakaniphile nabasebenza kanzima emhlabeni wethu; bahlakaniphe ngempela futhi bakhuthele, nakuba bengakaqedi nomzuzu owodwa behlezi emanyuvesi agunyaziwe. Oh yebo, manje seziningi futhi eziningi zazo!

Angiphakamisi ukuthi uqale ukhathazeke ngendawo yakho ngoba kuthiwa amanye amaqabane ahlakaniphile ayazingela. Ngiphakamisa ukuthi uqale ukukhathazeka ngakho ngoba ukuvela kokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe cishe kuhamba ngokushesha kunalokho oyikho. Ususebenze iminyaka eyishumi, emihlanu kuyo njengomphathi, futhi ucabanga ukuthi: "Sengiyazi ukuthi isoftware yenziwa kanjani." Yebo, uyazi. Sala kahle...

Yeka ukubhala ikhodi, kodwa...

Uma ulandela iseluleko sami sokuqala futhi uyeka ukubhala ikhodi, uzophinde uyeke ngokuzithandela ukuhlanganyela enqubweni yokudala. Kungalesi sizathu ukuthi angikusebenzisi ngokugcwele ukukhishwa kwemisebenzi. I-Automata ayidali, ikhiqiza. Izinqubo eziklanywe kahle zonga imali eningi, kodwa azilethi lutho olusha emhlabeni wethu.

Uma uneqembu elincane elenza imali eningi ngemali encane, umqondo wokumisa ikhodi yokubhala ubonakala njengesinqumo esibi kimina. Ngisho nasezinkampanini ze-monster ezinemithethonqubo yazo engapheli, izinqubo nezinqubomgomo, awunalo ilungelo lokukhohlwa ukuthi ungayithuthukisa kanjani isoftware ngokwakho. Futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe kushintsha njalo. Iyashintsha njengamanje. Ngaphansi kwezinyawo zakho! Ngaleso sikhathi sesibili!

Unokuphikisa. Qonda. Ake silalele.

“Rands, ngisendleleni eya esihlalweni somqondisi! Uma ngiqhubeka nokubhala ikhodi, akekho ozokholwa ukuthi ngingakhula.”

Ngifuna ukukubuza lokhu: njengoba wahlala esihlalweni sakho esithi “Sengizoba yi-CEO!”, ingabe ubonile ukuthi ukwakheka kwesoftware kuyashintsha, ngisho nangaphakathi kwenkampani yakho? Uma impendulo yakho inguyebo, ngizobe sengikubuza omunye umbuzo: ishintsha kanjani ngempela futhi uzokwenzani ngalezi zinguquko? Uma uphendule ngokuthi “cha” embuzweni wami wokuqala, kuzomele uye esihlalweni esihlukile, ngoba (ngiyabheja!) Inkambu yokuthuthukiswa kwesoftware iyashintsha kulo mzuzwana. Uzokhula kanjani uma ukhohlwa kancane kodwa ukhohlwe indlela yokuthuthukisa isoftware?

Iseluleko sami ukuthi ungazibophezeli ekusebenziseni amathani ezici zomkhiqizo wakho olandelayo. Udinga ukuthatha izinyathelo njalo ukuze uhlale unolwazi lokuthi iqembu lakho lakha kanjani isofthiwe. Ungakwenza lokhu kokubili njengomqondisi nanjengesekela likamongameli. Okunye?

“Hhawu, Rands! Kepha umuntu kufanele abe ngumxazululi! Umuntu kufanele abone isithombe esikhulu. Uma ngibhala ikhodi, ngizolahlekelwa umbono."

Kusafanele ube ngunompempe, kusamele usakaze izinqumo, futhi kusafanele uhambe uzungeza isakhiwo izikhathi ezine njalo ngoMsombuluko ekuseni nomunye wonjiniyela wakho ukuze ulalele inkulumo yakhe yamasonto onke ethi “Sonke silahliwe” ngo-30. imizuzu.! Kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke lokho, kufanele ugcine i-mindset yobunjiniyela, futhi akudingeki ukuthi ube ngumhleli wesikhathi esigcwele ukwenza lokho.

Amathiphu ami okugcina ingqondo yobunjiniyela:

1. Sebenzisa indawo yokuthuthukisa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele ujwayele amathuluzi ethimba lakho, okuhlanganisa isistimu yokwakha ikhodi, isilawuli senguqulo, nolimi lokuhlela. Ngenxa yalokho, uzoba nekhono olimini olusetshenziswa iqembu lakho uma likhuluma ngokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo. Lokhu kuzokuvumela futhi ukuthi uqhubeke usebenzisa isihleli sakho sombhalo osithandayo, esisebenza kahle.
2. Kufanele ukwazi ukudweba umdwebo onemininingwane yezakhiwo ochaza umkhiqizo wakho kunoma iyiphi indawo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Manje angiqondile inguqulo eyenziwe lula enamaseli amathathu nemicibisholo emibili. Kufanele wazi umdwebo onemininingwane yomkhiqizo. Okunzima kakhulu. Hhayi nje noma yimuphi umdwebo omuhle, kodwa umdwebo onzima ukuwuchaza. Kufanele kube imephu efanelekile ukuqonda okuphelele komkhiqizo. Ihlala ishintsha, futhi kufanele uhlale wazi ukuthi kungani kwenzeka izinguquko ezithile.
3. Thatha phezu kokusebenza komunye wemisebenzi. Ngiyaqina ngokoqobo njengoba ngibhala lokhu ngoba leli phuzu linezingozi eziningi ezifihliwe, kodwa angiqiniseki ngempela ukuthi ungakwazi ukufeza iphuzu #1 kanye nephoyinti #2 ngaphandle kokuzibophezela ekusebenziseni okungenani isici esisodwa. Ngokusebenzisa esinye sezici ngokwakho, ngeke nje ubambe iqhaza elikhulu enqubweni yokuthuthukisa, futhi kuzokuvumela ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile usuke esikhundleni sokuba “Umphathi ophethe yonke into” uye endimeni ethi “Umuntu ophethe yemisebenzi.” Lesi simo sengqondo sokuthobeka nokungaziphakamisi sizokukhumbuza ukubaluleka kwezinqumo ezincane.
4. Ngisaqhaqhazela umzimba wonke. Kubonakala sengathi othile usengithethisa: “Umphathi ozithathele yena ukuqaliswa komsebenzi?! (Futhi ngivumelana naye!) Yebo, usengumphathi, okusho ukuthi kufanele kube umsebenzi othile omncane, kulungile? Yebo, kusekuningi okufanele ukwenze. Uma ungeke ukwazi ukuqalisa ukusebenza komsebenzi, khona-ke nginezeluleko ezisele kuwe: lungisa iziphazamisi ezithile. Kulokhu, ngeke uzwe injabulo yokudala, kodwa uzoba nokuqonda ukuthi umkhiqizo udalwe kanjani, okusho ukuthi awusoze washiywa ngaphandle komsebenzi.
5. Bhala izivivinyo zamayunithi. Ngisakwenza lokhu ngasekupheleni komjikelezo wokukhiqiza lapho abantu sebeqala ukusangana. Kucabange njengohlu lokuhlola impilo lomkhiqizo wakho. Yenza lokhu njalo.

Ukuphikisa futhi?

“Rands, uma ngibhala ikhodi, ngizolidida iqembu lami. Ngeke bangazi ukuthi ngingubani—umphathi noma unjiniyela.”

Хорошо.

Yebo, ngathi, "Kulungile!" Ngiyajabula ukuthi ucabanga ukuthi ungadida iqembu lakho ngokubhukuda echibini lonjiniyela. Kulula: imingcele phakathi kwezindima ezihlukene ekuthuthukisweni kwesofthiwe okwamanje ifiphele kakhulu. Abafana be-UI benza lokho okungabizwa kabanzi ngokuthi i-JavaScript ne-CSS programming. Onjiniyela bafunda kabanzi mayelana nedizayini yesipiliyoni somsebenzisi. Abantu bayaxhumana futhi bafunde ngezimbungulu, ngokwebiwa kwekhodi yabanye abantu, kanye nangeqiniso lokuthi asikho isizathu esizwakalayo sokuthi umphathi angazibandakanyi kulolu lwazi olukhulu, lomhlaba wonke, olunqamula impova.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, uyafuna ukuba yingxenye yeqembu elihlanganisa izingxenye ezishintsheka kalula? Lokhu ngeke kuvele kwenze iqembu lakho libe nesineke, kuzonikeza ilungu lethimba ngalinye ithuba lokubona umkhiqizo nenkampani ngemibono eyahlukene. Ungamhlonipha kanjani uFrank, insizwa ezolile ephethe izakhiwo, ngemva kokubona ubuhle obulula bemibhalo yakhe yokwakha?

Angifuni iqembu lakho lidideke libe nesiphithiphithi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngifuna ithimba lakho lixhumane ngokuphumelelayo. Ngikholwa ukuthi uma ubamba iqhaza ekudaleni umkhiqizo nasekusebenzeleni izici, uzoba seduze nethimba lakho. Futhi okubaluleke nakakhulu, uzobe useduze nezinguquko eziqhubekayo zenqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe ngaphakathi kwenhlangano yakho.

Ungayeki ukuthuthukisa

Omunye engisebenza naye e-Borland wake wangithuka ngokumbiza “ngomshini wokubhala.”

“Rands, i-coder ingumshini ongenangqondo! Inkawu! Ikhodi ayenzi lutho olubalulekile ngaphandle kokubhala imigqa eyisicefe yekhodi engenamsebenzi. Angiyona i-coder, ngingumthuthukisi wesoftware!"

Wayeqinisile, wayezonda iseluleko sami sokuqala kuma-CEO amasha: "Yeka ukubhala ikhodi!" Hhayi ngoba ngiphakamisa ukuthi bangamakhoda, kodwa kakhulu ngoba ngiphakamisa ukuthi baqale ukuziba ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomsebenzi wabo: ukuthuthukiswa kwesoftware.

Ngakho ngibuyekeze iseluleko sami. Uma ufuna ukuba umholi okahle, ungayeka ukubhala ikhodi, kodwa...

Yiba ovumelana nezimo. Khumbula ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuba unjiniyela futhi ungayeki ukuthuthukisa isoftware.

Mayelana nomlobi

UMichael Lopp ungumakadebona wesoftware ongakayishiyi iSilicon Valley. Eminyakeni engu-20 edlule, uMichael usebenzele izinkampani ezintsha ezihlukene, ezihlanganisa i-Apple, i-Netscape, i-Symantec, i-Borland, i-Palantir, i-Pinterest, futhi yabamba iqhaza ekuqaliseni okuhamba kancane kancane kwaze kwabonakala.

Ngaphandle komsebenzi, uMichael uqhuba ibhulogi ethandwayo emayelana nobuchwepheshe kanye nokuphatha ngaphansi kwegama-mbumbulu elithi Rands, lapho exoxa khona ngemibono emkhakheni wokuphatha nabafundi, uzwakalisa ukukhathazeka ngesidingo esiqhubekayo sokugcina umunwe wakhe ku-pulse, futhi uchaza ukuthi, nakuba imivuzo emikhulu yokudala umkhiqizo, impumelelo yakho ingenzeka kuphela ngenxa yethimba lakho. Ibhulogi ingatholakala lapha www.randsinrepose.com.

UMichael uhlala nomndeni wakhe eRedwood, eCalifornia. Uhlala ethola isikhathi sokuhamba ngebhayisikili, ukudlala i-hockey nokuphuza iwayini elibomvu, njengoba ukuba nempilo kubaluleke ngaphezu kokuba matasa.

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