"Uma ufunda umbhalo othi "inyathi" ekhejini lendlovu, ungawakholwa amehlo akho." U-Kozma Prutkov
Kwedlule kwaboniswa ukuthi kungani imodeli yento idingeka, futhi kwafakazelwa ukuthi ngaphandle kwale modeli yento umuntu angakhuluma kuphela ngomklamo osuselwe kumodeli njengeqhwa leqhwa lokumaketha, elingenangqondo nelingenasihawu. Kodwa lapho imodeli yento ibonakala, onjiniyela abanekhono bahlale benombuzo onengqondo: yibuphi ubufakazi obukhona bokuthi imodeli yezibalo yento ihambisana nento yangempela.
Isibonelo esisodwa sempendulo yalo mbuzo sinikezwe Kulesi sihloko sizobheka isibonelo sokwenza imodeli yezinhlelo zokupholisa umoya ezindizeni, sihlanza umkhuba ngokucatshangelwa kwethiyori kwemvelo evamile.
Ukudala imodeli ethembekile yento. Ithiyori
Ukuze ungabambezeli, ngizokutshela ngokushesha mayelana ne-algorithm yokudala imodeli yokuklama okusekelwe kumodeli. Kuthatha izinyathelo ezintathu ezilula kuphela:
Isinyathelo 1 Yakha isistimu yezibalo ze-algebraic-differential ezichaza ukuziphatha okuguquguqukayo kwesistimu eyimodeli. Kulula uma wazi i-physics yenqubo. Ososayensi abaningi sebevele basenzela imithetho eyisisekelo yemvelo ebizwa ngoNewton, Brenoul, Navier Stokes kanye nezinye i-Stangels, Compass kanye noRabinovich.
Isinyathelo 2 Khetha kusistimu engumphumela isethi yama-empirical coefficients nezici zento yokumodela engatholwa ekuhlolweni.
Isinyathelo 3 Hlola into bese ulungisa imodeli ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwesilinganiso esigcwele, ukuze ihambisane ngokoqobo, nezinga elidingekayo lemininingwane.
Njengoba ubona, kulula, ezimbili nje ezintathu.
Isibonelo sokuqaliswa okungokoqobo
I-air conditioning system (ACS) endizeni ixhunywe ohlelweni oluzenzakalelayo lokulungisa umfutho. Ukucindezela endizeni kufanele kube kukhulu kunokucindezela kwangaphandle, futhi izinga lokushintsha kwengcindezi kufanele libe ngendlela yokuthi abashayeli bezindiza nabagibeli bangophi emakhaleni nasezindlebeni. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lokulawula ukungena komoya kanye ne-outlet lubalulekile ekuphepheni, futhi izinhlelo zokuhlola ezibizayo zibekwe phansi ukuze zithuthukiswe. Zakha amazinga okushisa nezingcindezi ekuphakameni kwendiza, futhi zikhiqize kabusha izimo zokusuka nezokuhlala ezinkundleni zezindiza ezinobude obuhlukahlukene. Futhi udaba lokuthuthukisa nokulungisa amaphutha amasistimu okulawula ama-SCV lukhuphukela emandleni alo aphelele. Kuyoze kube nini siqhuba ibhentshi lokuhlola ukuze sithole uhlelo lokulawula olugculisayo? Ngokusobala, uma simisa imodeli yokulawula kumodeli wento, khona-ke umjikelezo womsebenzi ebhentshini lokuhlola ungancishiswa kakhulu.
Isistimu ye-air conditioning yendiza iqukethe izishintshisi zokushisa ezifanayo njenganoma iyiphi enye isistimu yokushisa. Ibhethri iyibhethri e-Afrika futhi, i-air conditioner kuphela. Kodwa ngenxa yokulinganiselwa esisindweni sokusuka kanye nobukhulu bendiza, izishintshisi zokushisa zenziwa zibe compact futhi zisebenze kahle ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kudluliswe ukushisa okukhulu ngangokunokwenzeka kusuka esilinganisweni esincane. Ngenxa yalokho, i-geometry iba yinqaba kakhulu. Njengasohlangothini olucutshungulwayo. Umfanekiso 1 ubonisa isishintshi sokushisa sepuleti lapho i-membrane isetshenziswa phakathi kwamapuleti ukuthuthukisa ukudluliswa kokushisa. Okunye okupholisayo okushisayo nokubandayo eziteshini, kanti isiqondiso sokugeleza siyaphambana. I-coolant eyodwa inikezwa ekusikeni kwangaphambili, enye - eceleni.
Ukuze sixazulule inkinga yokulawula i-SCR, sidinga ukwazi ukuthi kungakanani ukushisa okudluliselwa kusuka endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye kumshini wokushisa onjalo ngesikhathi seyunithi. Izinga lokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, esililawulayo, lincike kulokhu.
Umfanekiso 1. Umdwebo wesishintshi sokushisa sendiza.
Izinkinga zokumodela. Ingxenye yeHydraulic
Uma uthi nhlá, umsebenzi ulula kakhulu; kuyadingeka ukubala ukugeleza kwenqwaba ngokusebenzisa iziteshi zokushintshanisa ukushisa kanye nokugeleza kokushisa phakathi kwamashaneli.
Izinga lokugeleza kwesisindo lokupholisa eziteshini libalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula ye-Bernouli:
lapho:
ΔP - umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwamaphuzu amabili;
ξ – i-coefficient yokungqubuzana okupholile;
L – ubude besiteshi;
d - ububanzi be-hydraulic yesiteshi;
ρ - ukuminyana kokupholisa;
ω – isivinini esipholile esiteshini.
Ukuze uthole umzila womumo ongaqondakali, ububanzi be-hydraulic bubalwa ngefomula:
lapho:
F - indawo yokugeleza;
P – umjikelezo omanzisiwe wesiteshi.
I-coefficient ye-friction ibalwa kusetshenziswa amafomula e-empirical futhi incike kusivinini sokugeleza nezici zesipholile. Kumajiyometri ahlukene, kutholakala ukuncika okuhlukile, ngokwesibonelo, ifomula yokugeleza kwesiyaluyalu kumapayipi abushelelezi:
lapho:
Inombolo kaReynolds.
Ngokugeleza kumashaneli ayisicaba, le fomula elandelayo ingasetshenziswa:
Kusukela kufomula kaBernoulli, ungakwazi ukubala ukwehla kwengcindezi ngesivinini esinikeziwe, noma okuphambene nalokho, ubale isivinini sokupholisa esiteshini, ngokusekelwe ekwehleni kwengcindezi ethile.
Ukushintshanisa ukushisa
Ukugeleza kokushisa phakathi kwesipholisi nodonga kubalwa ngefomula:
lapho:
α [W/(m2×deg)] – i-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa;
F - indawo yokugeleza.
Ezinkingeni zokugeleza kokupholisa amapayipi, kuye kwenziwa inani elanele locwaningo futhi kunezindlela eziningi zokubala, futhi njengomthetho, yonke into yehlela ekuncikeni kwamandla e-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa α [W/(m2×deg)]
lapho:
Inombolo ye-Nu-Nusselt,
λ – i-thermal conductivity coefficient yoketshezi [W/(m×deg)] d – hydraulic (okulingana) ububanzi.
Ukuze ubale inombolo ye-Nusselt (umbandela), ukuncika kwemibandela ye-empirical kusetshenziswa, isibonelo, ifomula yokubala inombolo ye-Nusselt yepayipi eliyindilinga ibukeka kanje:
Lapha sesivele sibona inombolo ye-Reynolds, inombolo ye-Prandtl ekushiseni odongeni nezinga lokushisa loketshezi, kanye ne-coefficient yokungalingani. ()
Ezokushintshanisa ukushisa kwamapuleti kathayela ifomula iyafana ( ):
lapho:
n = 0.73 m =0.43 ngokugeleza okuneziyaluyalu,
i-coefficient a - iyahlukahluka kusuka ku-0,065 kuya ku-0.6 kuye ngenani lamapuleti kanye nombuso wokugeleza.
Ake sicabangele ukuthi le coefficient ibalwa ngephoyinti elilodwa kuphela ekugelezeni. Ephuzwini elilandelayo sinezinga lokushisa elihlukile loketshezi (lushise noma luphole), izinga lokushisa elihlukile lodonga futhi, ngokufanele, zonke izinombolo ze-Reynolds nezinombolo ze-Prandtl ziyantanta.
Kuleli qophelo, noma yisiphi isazi sezibalo sizothi akunakwenzeka ukubala ngokunembile uhlelo lapho i-coefficient ishintsha izikhathi ezingu-10, futhi uzobe elungile.
Noma yimuphi unjiniyela osebenzayo uzothi umshini wokushisa ngamunye ukhiqizwa ngendlela ehlukile futhi akunakwenzeka ukubala izinhlelo, futhi uzobe elungile.
Kuthiwani nge-Model-Based Design? Ingabe konke kulahlekile ngempela?
Abathengisi abathuthukile besofthiwe yaseNtshonalanga kule ndawo bazokudayisela amakhompuyutha amakhulu kanye nezinhlelo zokubala ze-3D, njengokuthi "awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwayo." Futhi udinga ukusebenzisa ukubala usuku ukuze uthole ukusatshalaliswa kwezinga lokushisa phakathi kweminithi elingu-1.
Kuyacaca ukuthi lokhu akuyona inketho yethu; sidinga ukulungisa iphutha lesistimu yokulawula, uma kungenjalo ngesikhathi sangempela, okungenani ngesikhathi esibonakalayo.
Isixazululo ngokungahleliwe
Kukhiqizwa isishintshi sokushisa, kwenziwa uchungechunge lokuhlola, futhi ithebula lezinga lokushisa elizinzile libekwa emazingeni okugeleza okupholisayo. Kulula, kuyashesha futhi kuthembekile ngoba idatha ivela ekuhlolweni.
Ububi bale ndlela ukuthi azikho izici eziguquguqukayo zento. Yebo, siyazi ukuthi ukugeleza kokushisa okuzinzile kuzoba yini, kodwa asazi ukuthi kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthola uma usuka kumodi yokusebenza eyodwa uye kwenye.
Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokubala izici ezidingekayo, silungiselela isistimu yokulawula ngokuqondile ngesikhathi sokuhlola, esingathanda ekuqaleni ukukugwema.
Indlela Esekelwe Imodeli
Ukuze udale imodeli yesishintshi sokushisa esishintshashintshayo, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa idatha yokuhlola ukuze kuqedwe ukungaqiniseki kumafomula okubala okunamandla - inombolo ye-Nusselt kanye nokumelana ne-hydraulic.
Isixazululo silula, njengazo zonke izinto ezihlakaniphile. Sithatha ifomula yobufakazi, senze ukuhlola futhi sinqume inani le-coefficient a, ngaleyo ndlela sisusa ukungaqiniseki kufomula.
Ngokushesha nje lapho sinevelu ethile ye-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa, wonke amanye amapharamitha anqunywa imithetho eyisisekelo yemvelo yokonga. Umehluko wezinga lokushisa kanye ne-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa kunquma inani lamandla adluliselwe esiteshini ngesikhathi seyunithi ngayinye.
Ukwazi ukugeleza kwamandla, kungenzeka ukuxazulula izilinganiso zokongiwa kwesisindo samandla kanye nomfutho wokupholisa esiteshini se-hydraulic. Ngokwesibonelo lokhu:
Okwethu, ukugeleza kokushisa phakathi kodonga nesipholile - Qwall - kuhlala kungaqiniseki. Ungabona imininingwane eyengeziwe
Futhi ne-equation esuselwe kwezinga lokushisa yodonga lwesiteshi:
lapho:
ΔQwall - umehluko phakathi kokugeleza okungenayo nokuphumayo odongeni lwesiteshi;
M yinqwaba yodonga lwesiteshi;
Cpc - umthamo wokushisa wezinto zodonga.
Ukunemba kwemodeli
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kumshini wokushisa sinokusabalaliswa kwezinga lokushisa phezu kwepuleti. Ngevelu yesimo esizinzile, ungathatha isilinganiso phezu kwamapuleti futhi uyisebenzise, ucabange sonke isishintshi sokushisa njengephuzu elilodwa eligxilile lapho, ngokwehlukana kwezinga lokushisa elilodwa, ukushisa kudluliselwa kuyo yonke indawo yesishintshi sokushisa. Kodwa ezimisweni zesikhashana ukulinganisa okunjalo kungase kungasebenzi. Okunye okwedlulele ukwenza amaphuzu ayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu ambalwa bese ulayisha i-Super Computer, nayo engasifanele, ngoba umsebenzi uwukumisa uhlelo lokulawula ngesikhathi sangempela, noma okungcono, ngokushesha.
Umbuzo uphakama, zingaki izigaba okufanele isishintshi sokushisa sihlukaniswe ukuze sithole ukunemba okwamukelekayo kanye nesivinini sokubala?
Njengenjwayelo, ngenhlanhla ngaba nemodeli yesishintshi sokushisa se-amine eduze. Isishintshi sokushisa siyithubhu, isisetshenziswa sokushisa sigeleza emapayipini, kanti indawo eshisayo igeleza phakathi kwezikhwama. Ukwenza inkinga ibe lula, lonke ishubhu lokushintshanisa ukushisa lingamelwa njengepayipi elilodwa elilinganayo, futhi ipayipi ngokwalo lingamelwa njengeqoqo lamaseli wokubala ahlukene, ngalinye lapho kubalwa khona imodeli yephoyinti yokudlulisa ukushisa. Umdwebo wemodeli yeseli eyodwa uboniswa ku-Figure 2. Isiteshi somoya oshisayo kanye nesiteshi somoya obandayo sixhunywe ngodonga, okuqinisekisa ukudluliswa kokugeleza kokushisa phakathi kwamashaneli.
Umfanekiso 2. Imodeli yeseli yomshini wokushisa.
Imodeli yokushintsha ukushisa kwe-tubular kulula ukuyimisa. Ungashintsha ipharamitha eyodwa kuphela - inombolo yezigaba ngobude bepayipi futhi ubheke imiphumela yokubala yezingxenye ezihlukene. Ake sibale izinketho eziningana, siqale ngokuhlukana sibe amaphuzu angu-5 ngobude (Fig. 3) kanye namaphoyinti angu-100 ubude (Fig. 4).
Umfanekiso 3. Ukusatshalaliswa kokushisa okumile kwamaphoyinti angu-5 abaliwe.
Umfanekiso 4. Ukusatshalaliswa kokushisa okumile kwamaphoyinti angu-100 abaliwe.
Njengomphumela wezibalo, kwavela ukuthi izinga lokushisa elizinzile lapho lihlukaniswa ngamaphuzu angu-100 lingu-67,7 degrees. Futhi uma ihlukaniswa ngamaphoyinti angu-5 abaliwe, izinga lokushisa lingu-72 degrees C.
Futhi phansi kwefasitela kuboniswa isivinini sokubala esihlobene nesikhathi sangempela.
Ake sibone ukuthi izinga lokushisa lokuzinzile nesivinini sokubala lishintsha kanjani kuye ngenani lamaphoyinti okubala. Umehluko kumazinga okushisa wesimo esingashintshi phakathi nezibalo ezinezinombolo ezahlukene zamaseli wokubala ungasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukunemba komphumela otholiwe.
Ithebula 1. Ukuncika kwezinga lokushisa nesivinini sokubala enanini lamaphoyinti okubala ngobude besishintshi sokushisa.
| Inombolo yamaphoyinti okubala | Izinga lokushisa eliqinile | Isivinini sokubala |
| 5 | 72,66 | 426 |
| 10 | 70.19 | 194 |
| 25 | 68.56 | 124 |
| 50 | 67.99 | 66 |
| 100 | 67.8 | 32 |
Ukuhlaziya leli thebula, singafinyelela eziphethweni ezilandelayo:
- Isivinini sokubala siyehla ngokulingana nenani lamaphoyinti okubala kumodeli yesishintshi sokushisa.
- Ushintsho ekunembeni kwezibalo lwenzeka kakhulu. Njengoba inani lamaphoyinti likhula, ukucwengwa ekukhuleni ngakunye okulandelayo kuncipha.
Endabeni yesishintshi sokushisa kwepuleti elinesipholisi esigeleza-phambanayo, njengakuMdwebo 1, ukudala imodeli efanayo kusuka kumaseli wokubala okuyisisekelo kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Sidinga ukuxhuma amaseli ngendlela yokuthi sihlele ukugeleza kwesiphambano. Kumaseli angu-4, isifunda sizobukeka njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 5.
Ukugeleza kwe-coolant kuhlukaniswa eduze kwamagatsha ashisayo nabandayo abe yimigudu emibili, imigudu ixhunywe ngezakhiwo ezishisayo, ukuze kuthi lapho idlula esiteshini isipholile sishintsha ukushisa ngamashaneli ahlukene. Ukulingisa ukugeleza kwesiphambano, isipholile esishisayo sigeleza sisuka kwesobunxele siye kwesokudla (bheka u-Fig. 5) esiteshini ngasinye, sishintshanisa ngokulandelanayo ukushisa namashaneli okupholisa okubandayo, okugeleza kusuka phansi kuya phezulu (bheka Fig. 5). Iphuzu elishisa kakhulu lisekhoneni elingenhla kwesokunxele, njengoba isipholisi esishisayo sishintshana ngokushisa nesibalisa esivele sishisisiwe somzila obandayo. Futhi ebanda kakhulu ingaphansi kwesokudla, lapho isipholile esibandayo sishintshana ngokushisa nesipholile esishisayo, esesipholile kakade esigabeni sokuqala.
Umfanekiso 5. Imodeli ye-cross-flow yamaseli ekhompyutha angu-4.
Le modeli yomshini wokushisa wepuleti ayikunaki ukudluliswa kokushisa phakathi kwamaseli ngenxa ye-thermal conductivity futhi ayicabangi ukuxuba okupholisayo, njengoba isiteshi ngasinye sihlukanisiwe.
Kodwa kithi, ukulinganiselwa kokugcina akunciphisi ukunemba, ngoba ekwakhiweni kwesishintshi sokushisa ulwelwesi lukathayela luhlukanisa ukugeleza eziteshini eziningi ezingazodwa eduze kwe-coolant (bheka Fig. 1). Ake sibone ukuthi kwenzekani ekunemba kwesibalo lapho kwenziwa imodeli yesishintshi sokushisa sepuleti njengoba inani lamaseli esibalo likhula.
Ukuze sihlaziye ukunemba, sisebenzisa izinketho ezimbili zokuhlukanisa isishintshi sokushisa sibe amaseli okuklama:
- Iseli ngayinye yesikwele iqukethe ama-hydraulic amabili (ukugeleza okubandayo nokushisayo) kanye nesici esisodwa esishisayo. (bheka Umfanekiso 5)
- Iseli ngalinye lesikwele liqukethe izakhi eziyisithupha ze-hydraulic (izingxenye ezintathu ekugelezeni okushisayo nokubandayo) kanye nezakhi ezintathu ezishisayo.
Esimweni sokugcina, sisebenzisa izinhlobo ezimbili zokuxhuma:
- ukugeleza okuphikisayo kokugeleza okubandayo nokushisayo;
- ukugeleza okuhambisanayo kokugeleza okubandayo nokushisayo.
Ukugeleza kwekhawunta kukhulisa ukusebenza kahle uma kuqhathaniswa nokugeleza kwesiphambano, kuyilapho ukugeleza kwekhawunta kunciphisa. Ngenani elikhulu lamaseli, isilinganiso phezu kokugeleza kwenzeka futhi yonke into iba seduze nokugeleza kwangempela (bona Umfanekiso 6).
Umfanekiso 6. Amaseli amane, imodeli ye-cross-flow yezinto ezi-3.
Umfanekiso wesi-7 ubonisa imiphumela yokusabalalisa kwezinga lokushisa elimile endaweni engashintshi lapho unikeza umoya onezinga lokushisa elingu-150 °C eduze nolayini oshisayo, kanye no-21 °C emugqeni obandayo, ukuze uthole izinketho ezihlukahlukene zokuhlukanisa imodeli. Umbala nezinombolo kuseli zibonisa izinga lokushisa elimaphakathi odongeni kuseli yokubala.
Umfanekiso 7. Amazinga okushisa angashintshi ezinhlelo ezahlukene zokuklama.
Ithebula 2 libonisa izinga lokushisa elizinzile lomoya oshisayo ngemva kwesishintshi sokushisa, kuye ngokuhlukaniswa kwemodeli yesishintshi sokushisa sibe amaseli.
Ithebula 2. Ukuncika kwezinga lokushisa enanini lamaseli omklamo kusishintshi sokushisa.
| Ubukhulu bemodeli | Izinga lokushisa eliqinile Into engu-1 iseli ngalinye |
Izinga lokushisa eliqinile Ama-elementi angu-3 iseli ngalinye |
| 2h2 | 62,7 | 67.7 |
| 3 × 3 | 64.9 | 68.5 |
| 4h4 | 66.2 | 68.9 |
| 8h8 | 68.1 | 69.5 |
| 10 × 10 | 68.5 | 69.7 |
| 20 × 20 | 69.4 | 69.9 |
| 40 × 40 | 69.8 | 70.1 |
Njengoba inani lamaseli wokubala kumodeli likhula, izinga lokushisa lokugcina eliqinile liyakhuphuka. Umehluko phakathi kwezinga lokushisa lesimo esizinzile kuma-partitions ahlukene ungabhekwa njengenkomba yokunemba kwesibalo. Kungabonakala ukuthi ngokunyuka kwenani lamaseli wokubala, izinga lokushisa livame umkhawulo, futhi ukwanda kokunemba akulingani nenani lamaphuzu okubala.
Umbuzo uphakama: hlobo luni lokunemba kwemodeli esiyidingayo?
Impendulo yalo mbuzo incike enjongweni yemodeli yethu. Njengoba lesi sihloko simayelana nomklamo osuselwe kumodeli, sakha imodeli ukuze silungiselele isistimu yokulawula. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukunemba kwemodeli kufanele kuqhathaniswe nokunemba kwezinzwa ezisetshenziswa ohlelweni.
Esimweni sethu, izinga lokushisa likalwa nge-thermocouple, okunemba kwayo okungu-±2.5 ° C. Noma ikuphi ukunemba okuphezulu ngenjongo yokumisa uhlelo lokulawula akusizi; uhlelo lwethu lwangempela lokulawula “ngeke likubone”. Ngakho-ke, uma sicabanga ukuthi izinga lokushisa elilinganiselwe lenombolo engapheli yama-partitions ngu-70 °C, khona-ke imodeli esinikeza ngaphezu kuka-67.5 °C izonemba ngokwanele. Wonke amamodeli anamaphuzu angu-3 kuseli yokubala namamodeli amakhulu kuno-5x5 anephoyinti elilodwa kuseli. (Kugqanyiswe ngokuluhlaza kuThebula 2)
Izindlela zokusebenza ezinamandla
Ukuze sihlole umbuso oguquguqukayo, sizohlola inqubo yokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu nezibanda kakhulu odongeni lwesishintshi sokushisa ukuze sithole okuhlukile kwezinhlelo zedizayini. (bheka umfanekiso wesi-8)
Umfanekiso 8. Ukufudumala isishintshi sokushisa. Amamodeli wobukhulu 2x2 kanye 10x10.
Kungabonakala ukuthi isikhathi senqubo yenguquko kanye nemvelo yakhona uqobo zizimele ngenani lamaseli wokubala, futhi zinqunywa kuphela ubukhulu bensimbi evuthayo.
Ngakho-ke, siphetha ngokuthi ukuze kwenziwe imodeli efanelekile yesishintshi sokushisa ngamamodi asuka ku-20 kuye ku-150 °C, ngokunemba okudingekayo ngohlelo lokulawula lwe-SCR, amaphuzu wokuklama angaba ngu-10 - 20 anele.
Ukusetha imodeli eguqukayo esuselwe ekuhlolweni
Ukuba nemodeli yezibalo, kanye nedatha yokuhlola yokuhlanza isishintshi sokushisa, okumele sikwenze nje ukwenza ukulungisa okulula, okungukuthi, ukwethula isici sokuqinisa kumodeli ukuze ukubala kuhambisane nemiphumela yokuhlola.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sisebenzisa imvelo yokudala imodeli yesithombe, sizokwenza lokhu ngokuzenzakalelayo. Umfanekiso 9 ubonisa i-algorithm yokukhetha ama-coefficients okuqinisa ukudluliswa kokushisa. Idatha etholwe ekuhlolweni inikezwa okokufaka, imodeli yesishintshi sokushisa ixhunyiwe, futhi ama-coefficients adingekayo wemodi ngayinye atholakala ekukhishweni.
Umfanekiso 9. I-algorithm yokukhetha i-coefficient yokuqinisa ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlola.
Ngakho, sinquma i-coefficient efanayo yenombolo ye-Nusselt futhi sisuse ukungaqiniseki kumafomula wokubala. Kumamodi okusebenza ahlukene namazinga okushisa, amanani ezinto zokulungisa angashintsha, kodwa ezindleleni ezifanayo zokusebenza (ukusebenza okuvamile) asondelana kakhulu. Isibonelo, kwisishintshi sokushisa esinikeziwe samamodi ahlukahlukene i-coefficient ibanga ukusuka ku-0.492 kuye ku-0.655
Uma sisebenzisa i-coefficient ye-0.6, khona-ke ezindleleni zokusebenza ezingaphansi kocwaningo iphutha lokubala lizoba ngaphansi kwephutha le-thermocouple, ngakho-ke, ohlelweni lokulawula, imodeli yezibalo yomshini wokushisa izoba yanele ngokuphelele kumodeli wangempela.
Imiphumela yokusetha imodeli yesishintshi sokushisa
Ukuhlola ikhwalithi yokudlulisa ukushisa, isici esikhethekile sisetshenziswa - ukusebenza kahle:
lapho:
ngempumeleloukushisa - ukusebenza kahle kwesishintshi sokushisa sokupholisa okushisayo;
Tizintabain - izinga lokushisa endaweni yokungena kuya kusishintshi sokushisa eduze kwendlela yokugeleza kwesipholisi esishisayo;
Tizintabaout - izinga lokushisa lapho kuphuma khona isishintshi sokushisa eduze kwendlela yokugeleza kwesipholisa esishisayo;
TIHholoin – izinga lokushisa endaweni yokungena kuya kusishintshi sokushisa eduze kwendlela yokugeleza kokupholisa okubandayo.
Ithebula 3 libonisa ukuchezuka kokusebenza kahle kwemodeli yesishintshi sokushisa kusukela kweyokuhlola ngamanani okugeleza ahlukahlukene emigqeni eshisayo nebandayo.
Ithebula 3. Amaphutha ekubaleni ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisa ukushisa ku-%
Esimweni sethu, i-coefficient ekhethiwe ingasetshenziswa kuzo zonke izindlela zokusebenza esizithandayo. Uma kumazinga okugeleza aphansi, lapho iphutha likhulu, ukunemba okudingekayo akufinyelelwanga, singasebenzisa isici sokuqinisa okuguquguqukayo, okuzoxhomeka kusilinganiso sokugeleza samanje.
Isibonelo, kumfanekiso we-10, i-coefficient yokuqinisa ibalwa kusetshenziswa ifomula enikeziwe kuye ngezinga lokugeleza lamanje kumaseli esiteshi.
Umfanekiso 10. I-coefficient yokuthuthukisa ukudluliswa kokushisa okuguquguqukayo.
okutholakele
- Ulwazi lwemithetho yemvelo lukuvumela ukuthi udale amamodeli aguquguqukayo ento ngomklamo osuselwa kumodeli.
- Imodeli kufanele iqinisekiswe futhi ishunwe ngokusekelwe kudatha yokuhlola.
- Amathuluzi okuthuthukisa imodeli kufanele avumele unjiniyela ukuthi enze ngendlela oyifisayo imodeli ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlola into.
- Sebenzisa indlela efanele esekelwe kumodeli futhi uzojabula!
Ibhonasi yalabo abaqede ukufunda.
Abasebenzisi ababhalisiwe kuphela abangabamba iqhaza kuhlolovo. , wamukelekile.
Yini okufanele ngikhulume ngayo ngokulandelayo?
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76,2%Ukufakazela kanjani ukuthi uhlelo olukumodeli luhambisana nohlelo oluku-hardware.16
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23,8%Isetshenziswa kanjani i-supercomputer computing ukwakha imodeli-based.5
Bangu-21 abasebenzisi abavotile. Umsebenzisi ongu-1 uyekile.
Source: www.habr.com