Imakethe yezinsizakalo zamafu yaseRussia ngokwemibandela yemali ayibali iphesenti elilodwa lesamba semali engenayo yamafu emhlabeni. Noma kunjalo, abadlali bamazwe ngamazwe bayavela ngezikhathi ezithile, bememezela isifiso sabo sokulwela indawo elangeni laseRussia. Yini ongayilindela ngo-2019? Ngezansi kokusikwa umbono kaKonstantin Anisimov, oyi-CEO .
Ngo-2019, i-Dutch Leaseweb yamemezela isifiso sayo sokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zamafu zomphakathi nezizimele, amaseva azinikezele, indawo, amanethiwekhi okulethwa kokuqukethwe (CDN) kanye nokuphepha kolwazi eRussia. Lokhu kwenzeka naphezu kokuba khona kwabadlali abakhulu bamazwe ngamazwe lapha (Alibaba, Huawei kanye ne-IBM).
Ngo-2018, imakethe yezinsizakalo zamafu yaseRussia ikhule ngo-25% uma iqhathaniswa no-2017 futhi yafinyelela ku-RUB 68,4 billion. Ivolumu yemakethe ye-IaaS ("ingqalasizinda njengesevisi"), ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, yayisuka ku-12 kuya ku-16 billion ruble. Ngo-2019, izibalo zingaba phakathi kwama-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-15 nezingama-20. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi umthamo wemakethe ye-IaaS yomhlaba wonke ngo-2018 wawucishe ube ngama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-30. Kulokhu, cishe ingxenye yemali engenayo ivela e-Amazon. Omunye u-25% uthathwa abadlali abakhulu emhlabeni (i-Google, iMicrosoft, i-IBM ne-Alibaba). Isabelo esisele sivela kubadlali abazimele bamazwe ngamazwe.
Ikusasa liqala namuhla
Kuthembisa kangakanani ukuqondiswa kwefu ezintweni ezingokoqobo zaseRussia futhi ukuvikelwa kombuso kungasiza noma kukuvimbele kanjani? Isibonelo, kungenzeka ukuphoqa izinkampani zikahulumeni ukuthi zilahle ngokuphelele izixazululo zesoftware nezinto zokusebenza ezivela kwamanye amazwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imingcele enjalo izovimbela ukuncintisana futhi ibeke izinkampani zikahulumeni ezimweni ezisobala ezingalingani nezinhlaka zezohwebo. Namuhla, ikakhulukazi ku-fintech, ukuncintisana kusekelwe kwezobuchwepheshe. Futhi uma, isibonelo, amabhange kahulumeni kufanele akhethe hhayi izixazululo ezingcono kakhulu zobuchwepheshe, kodwa kuphela labo abanokubhaliswa kweRussia, noma yiliphi ibhange lezohwebo elincintisanayo kuzodingeka lishaye izandla futhi libuke ukuthi isabelo semakethe sinqotshwa kanjani ngokuyisimangaliso ngokwaso.
Ngesilinganiso Imakethe yezinsizakalo zamafu yaseRussia izokhula ngesilinganiso sama-23% ngonyaka eminyakeni ezayo futhi ingafinyelela ku-RUB 2022 billion ekupheleni kuka-155. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asingenisi nje kuphela, kodwa futhi sithumela nezinsizakalo zamafu. Isabelo samakhasimende angaphandle emalini engenayo yabahlinzeki bamafu basekhaya singama-5,1%, noma ama-ruble ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-2,4, engxenyeni ye-SaaS. Imali engenayo kungqalasizinda njengengxenye Yesevisi (i-IaaS, amaseva, ukugcinwa kwedatha, amanethiwekhi, amasistimu wokusebenza emafini, asetshenziswa amaklayenti ukuze akhiphe futhi aqhube izixazululo zawo zesofthiwe) evela kumakhasimende akwamanye amazwe ngonyaka odlule yenze u-2,2%, noma RUB 380 million. .
Empeleni, sinemiqondo emibili ehlukene yokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yezinsizakalo zamafu yaseRussia. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuzihlukanisa kanye nenkambo yokubuyisela ngokuphelele izinsiza zangaphandle kwamanye amazwe, kanti ngakolunye, imakethe evulekile kanye nezifiso zokunqoba umhlaba. Iliphi isu elinamathuba amahle kakhulu eRussia? Angifuni ukucabanga ukuthi ngeyokuqala kuphela.
Yiziphi izingxabano zabasekeli "bocingo lwedijithali" oluminyene? Ukuphepha kuzwelonke, ukuvikelwa kwemakethe yasekhaya ekukhuleni kwamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokusekelwa kwabadlali basekhaya ababalulekile. Wonke umuntu angabona isibonelo se-China nge-Alibaba Cloud. Umbuso wenza imizamo eminingi yokuqinisekisa ukuthi abafana bendawo bahlala ezweni labo ngaphandle kokuncintisana.
Kodwa-ke, izinkampani zaseShayina azikhawulelwe ezifisweni zasekhaya, futhi ulwazi lwazo lubonisa ukuthi leli yisu elihle kakhulu. Namuhla, ifu le-Alibaba selivele lingelesithathu emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaShayina agcwele izifiso zokususa i-Amazon neMicrosoft ezinyathelweni zabo. Eqinisweni, sibona ukuvela “kwefu elikhulu lesithathu.”
Russia emafwini
Yimaphi amathuba iRussia enawo ukuze avele ngokungathí sina futhi unomphela kumephu yamafu yomhlaba wonke? Baningi abahleli bezinhlelo abanethalente nezinkampani ezweni ezinganikeza umkhiqizo wokuncintisana. Abadlali abasha abanezifiso ezingathi sína, njengeRostelecom, Yandex ne-Mail.ru, abanekhono elihle lobuchwepheshe, basanda kujoyina umjaho wamafu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngilindele impi yangempela, yebo, hhayi phakathi kwamafu anjalo, kodwa phakathi kwe-ecosystem. Futhi lapha, hhayi izinsizakalo eziningi eziyisisekelo ze-IaaS, kodwa izizukulwane ezintsha zezinsizakalo zamafu - ama-microservices, i-edge computing kanye ne-serverless - zizofika phambili. Phela, insizakalo eyisisekelo ye-IaaS isivele isicishe yaba "impahla" futhi izinsiza eziningi zamafu ezengeziwe ezizokuvumela ukuthi ubophe ngokuqinile umsebenzisi kuyo. Futhi insimu yale mpi yesikhathi esizayo yi-inthanethi yezinto, amadolobha ahlakaniphile futhi ahlakaniphile, futhi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, izimoto ezingashayeli.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokuncintisana ezinganikezwa izinkampani zaseRussia futhi zinamathemba? Uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi imakethe yaseRussia ingenye yabambalwa emhlabeni engazange inikeze ukucindezela kwe-Google ne-Amazon, ngakho-ke ngikholelwa ukuthi kukhona amathuba. Imfundo yethu ingase ibe nezilinganiso ezingcono kakhulu zamanani/ikhwalithi emhlabeni, ukusondela kwethu esikweni laseNtshonalanga, ulwazi oluqoqiwe ekwenzeni ibhizinisi, okuhlanganisa namazwe ngamazwe (phela, eminyakeni engu-30 edlule kwakungekho sipiliyoni esinjalo ngokomgomo), futhi sazuza ulwazi ekwenzeni ibhizinisi. ukudala imikhiqizo ye-IT esezingeni lomhlaba (i-AmoCRM, i-Bitrix24, i-Veeam, i-Acronis, i-Dodo, i-Tinkoff, i-Cognitive - kukhona embalwa kakhulu) - zonke lezi izinzuzo ezingasisiza emqhudelwaneni womhlaba. Futhi isivumelwano sakamuva phakathi kwe-Yandex ne-Hyundai Motors ngokubambisana emkhakheni wezimoto ezingenamuntu sengeza kuphela ukuzethemba ukuthi izinkampani zaseRussia zingakwazi futhi kufanele zilwele ingxenye ebalulekile ye-cloud pie yomhlaba wonke.
Isimo "ngokufika" kwezinsizakalo ze-IT zomhlaba wonke ngokuhambisana nezidingo zomthetho kazwelonke nazo zidlala ezandleni zezinkampani zaseRussia. Ohulumeni kazwelonke abajabule neze ngokubusa kwezinsizakalo zaseMelika ezindaweni zabo, futhi irekhodi langonyaka odlule inhlawulo eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-5 ngokumelene ne-Google eYurophu iwubufakazi obucacile balokhu. I-European GDPR noma "Umthetho Wokugcinwa Kwedatha Yomuntu Siqu" wesiRashiya, isibonelo, manje inezidingo ezicacile zalapho idatha yomsebenzisi igcinwa khona. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izinsizakalo zasendaweni zizoba nezinto ezithandwayo futhi abadlali abancane uma kuqhathaniswa bazokwazi ukuncintisana nezinkampani zomhlaba ngenxa yokuguquguquka, ikhono lozakwethu, ukuguquguquka kanye nesivinini. Into esemqoka ukuzibekela imigomo enjalo, ukuba nezifiso hhayi kuphela "ukuzivikela" ngokungapheli emqhudelwaneni womhlaba, kodwa futhi nokubamba iqhaza ngenkuthalo kuwo ngokwakho.
Yini engiyilindele ngokwami emakethe yezinsizakalo zamafu eRussia naseYurophu ngo-2019?
Into eyisisekelo futhi eyinhloko ukuthi sizoqhubeka nokuhlanganisa imakethe. Futhi kulokhu, empeleni, kuvela izindlela ezimbili.
Esokuqala esobuchwepheshe. Ukuhlanganiswa kuzovumela abadlali abaholayo ukuthi bagxile kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni nasekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe obusha emafini. Ikakhulukazi, inkampani yami ibambe iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bekhompyutha obungenasiphakeli futhi ngiyazi ukuthi ngo-2019 sizobona inqwaba yamaphrojekthi anjalo ezimakethe ezahlukene. Ukuzimela kwezinkampani ezintathu ezinkulu ze-Amazon, i-Google ne-Microsoft ekuhlinzekeni ngezinsizakalo zekhompuyutha ezingenayo iseva kuzoqala ukuwa, futhi ngithemba ukuthi abadlali baseRussia nabo bazobamba iqhaza kulokhu.
Okwesibili, futhi mhlawumbe okubaluleke nakakhulu, ukuhlanganiswa kusetha inkambo ecacile eqondiswe kuklayenti, ngoba abaholi bemakethe benza lokhu kahle kakhulu futhi, uma ufuna ukuhlala emakethe, udinga ukuhambisana nezitayela zayo. Iklayenti lesimanje alidingi kuphela izinsizakalo zamafu ezithuthukile kwezobuchwepheshe, kodwa futhi nekhwalithi yokuhlinzekwa kwalezi zinsizakalo ezifanayo. Ngakho-ke, amaphrojekthi akwazi ukuthola ibhalansi phakathi kwenzuzo yawo kanye nezithakazelo ezijulile zekhasimende anawo wonke amathuba okuphumelela. Ukwenza kube ngokwakho, ukwenza kube lula nokuba lula komkhiqizo kuya ngokuya kudlala indima ebalulekile. Abasebenzisi bamafu bafuna ukuqonda ukuthi isevisi inamuphi umthelela ebhizinisini labo, kungani kufanele bayenze, kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa isikhathi esincane nemali kuyo ngangokunokwenzeka. “Igceke” lomkhiqizo wakho lingaba yinkimbinkimbi ngokungenamkhawulo futhi lithuthuke ngokobuchwepheshe, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kufanele kube lula futhi kungabi nazihibe ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mkhuba usakazekela nasezinsizeni "ezisindayo" zezinkampani, lapho i-VMWare nezinye izinsizwa zendabuko sekuyisikhathi eside zibusa. Manje kuzomele bavule isikhala. Futhi lokhu kuhle embonini futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, kumakhasimende.
Source: www.habr.com