Ukukhishwa kokusatshalaliswa kwe-Fedora Linux 42

Ukukhishwa kokusatshalaliswa kweFedora kumenyezelwe Linux I-Fedora Workstation, i-Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop, i-Fedora Server, i-Fedora IoT, i-Fedora CoreOS, i-Fedora Cloud Base, i-Fedora IoT Edition, i-Fedora Silverblue, i-Fedora Kinoite, kanye nokwakhiwa okubukhoma kuyatholakala ukuze kulandwe. Lokhu kwakhiwa kuyatholakala kuzakhiwo ze-x86_64, i-Power64, kanye ne-ARM64 (AAArch64).

Izinguquko ezibaluleke kakhulu ku-Fedora Linux 42:

• Isakhiwo se-Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop sithole isimo sohlelo oluyisisekelo lokusatshalaliswa, okufana ngeleveli yosekelo lwe-Fedora Workstation. Ngakho-ke, okuhlukile kwe-GNOME ne-KDE yokusabalalisa manje kunesimo esifanayo futhi kwethulwa ngokulinganayo. Izinkinga ezibucayi eziqondene ne-KDE manje sezizobhekwa njengokuvimbela ukukhululwa, njengoba nje nezindaba ezibucayi ku-GNOME bezikade zivimbela ukukhululwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Fedora KDE Plasma Desktop yengeza ukusekelwa kwe-Power architecture (ppc64le), ehlinzeka ngesitaki sohlelo lokusebenza lwe-KDE esigcwele, okuhlanganisa i-KDE PIM. Kuzinhlelo ze-OpenPOWER ezifana ne-Talos Workstation, i-Live builds ye-KDE iyatholakala esekela ukufakwa.
• Izakhiwo ezisemthethweni ze-Spin ezingeziwe zokusabalalisa ngendawo yedeskithophu ye-COSMIC, ethuthukiswe yi-System76 ngolimi lwe-Rust. I-COSMIC inikeza ama-hybrid amafasitela okuthayela kanye nokunqwabelanisa kwewindi (ukuhlanganisa amawindi okufana namathebhu esiphequluli) izindlela ezinganikwa amandla ngokuhambisana namadeskithophu abonakalayo.
• Ideskithophu eku-Fedora Workstation ibuyekezwe egatsheni le-GNOME 48. Amadeskithophu e-Xfce 4.20 kanye ne-LXQt 2.1 abuyekeziwe.
• I-Fedora Workstation isebenzisa inguqulo entsha yesifaki se-Anaconda ngokuzenzakalelayo, esithatha indawo yesixhumi esisekelwe ku-GTK ngesixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu. Isixhumi esibonakalayo sewebhu sakhiwe kusetshenziswa uhlaka lwe-React JavaScript, izakhi zomklamo we-PatternFly, kanye nezakhi ezivela kuphrojekthi ye-Cockpit, esevele isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni ye-Red Hat yokucushwa kanye ukuphathwa kwesevaEsikhundleni sesikrini esiyinhloko esinohlu lwezenzo, isikhombikubona esisha sine-interface esekelwe ku-wizard, evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baqedele izinyathelo ezithile ngokulandelana ngaphandle kokubuyela esikrinini esiyinhloko. Isikhombikubona sewebhu sivumela ukusebenzisana ngesiphequluli sewebhu ukuze kulawulwe kude iyunithi.

  I-interface ehlongozwayo ayinazo izinkinga futhi iqondakala kangcono kubasebenzisi abasaqalayo. Njengenketho eyisisekelo, kuhlongozwa ukuthi kusetshenziswe imodi yokuhlukanisa idiski ezenzakalelayo (eqondisiwe), lapho isifaki ngokwaso sikhetha imingcele yokudala noma yokushintsha ukwahlukanisa ngokusekelwe kuzilungiselelo ezikhethwe ngumsebenzisi. Inketho yengeziwe ukuze kufakwe kabusha ukusatshalaliswa (isibonelo, ukubuyisela ukusebenza uma amanye amafayela ohlelo onakele), kanye nekhono lokufaka kumodi yokuqalisa ekabili ukuze usebenzise amasistimu wokusebenza amaningi kukhompuyutha eyodwa.
• Isifaki sakudala se-Anaconda sishintshiwe ukuze sisebenzise umthetho olandelwayo we-Wayland, osuse ukuncika okuhlobene ne-X11 emithonjeni yezokuxhumana. Inqubo yokufaka isilawuli kude isusiwe kuklayenti le-TigerVNC VNC yayiswa kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-grd (Gnome Remote Desktop), olusebenzisa umthetho olandelwayo we-RDP. Ngokuzenzakalelayo, ukwahlukanisa kwe-GPT kunikwe amandla kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezisekelwayo.
• Okuqukethwe kwezikhombisi ze-/usr/bin kanye /usr/sbin kuhlanganisiwe. Uhlu lwemibhalo /usr/sbin luthathelwe indawo isixhumanisi esingokomfanekiso esikhomba ku/usr/bin. Ukuhlukanisa amafayela asebenzisekayo abe inkomba ye-bin kanye ne-sbin kuthathwa njengomkhuba ophelelwe yisikhathi olahlekelwe incazelo yawo ekusabalaliseni kwesimanje. Ukuhlanganiswa komgqomo kanye ne-sbin kuzokwenza lula umsebenzi wabanakekeli bephakheji, okungeke kudingeke baqagele ukuthi yiluphi uhla lwemibhalo okufanele babeke kulo ifayela elisebenzisekayo; izokwenza uhlelo lubikezeleke kakhudlwana futhi luqondakale kubasebenzisi; izokwandisa ukuhambisana nokunye ukusatshalaliswa; izonciphisa inani lokuhlolwa kohla lwemibhalo lapho kwenziwa execvp() namakholi afanayo.
• Amaqembu amasha i-flatpak ne-didikadmin engeziwe ukuze anikeze abasebenzisi abangenalo ilungelo lokufinyelela emisebenzini yokuphatha yamaphakheji esistimu ngefomethi ye-Flatpak nesitoreji sangaphandle. Ushintsho luqede isidingo sokwengeza umsebenzisi eqenjini lamasondo, i.e. ikuvumela ukuthi usebenze nge-flatpak namadrayivu angaphandle ngaphandle kokunikeza ukufinyelela kweminye imisebenzi yokuphatha. Kubasebenzisi abaseqenjini lamasondo, ikhono lokuvula (i-LUKS) nokukhweza amadrayivu angaphandle ngaphandle kokucela igama-mfihlo liyanikezwa futhi.
• Kuvunyelwe ukufaka okuhlukile okwengeziwe okusebenzisekayo kumaphakheji, akhiwe ngokulungiselelwa kwe-x86-64-v2, x86-64-v3, kanye ne-x86-64-v4 microarchitectures. Ezimweni eziningi, ukuzuza kokusebenza ngesikhathi sokuhlanganiswa kwezakhiwo ezinjalo akudluli i-10%, kodwa kwezinye izimo kuholela ekwandeni okubonakalayo kokusebenza (kufika ku-120%). Isinqumo sokwengeza okunye okusebenzisekayo okuthuthukisiwe senziwa ngabanakekeli, kuye ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphakheji athile.
• Izakhiwo ezibukhoma zokusabalalisa ezisebenzisa isithombe sesistimu kumodi yokufunda kuphela zishintshiwe zisuka ku-SquashFS zayiswa ohlelweni lwefayela le-EROFS. Izizathu ezicashuniwe zokuthutha zihlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa okusebenzayo okwengeziwe kwe-EROFS (ukukhululwa kokugcina kwamathuluzi e-SquashFS kwakusentwasahlobo ka-2023) kanye nokuba khona kwezici ezithuthukisiwe ku-EROFS ezingase zisetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-SquashFS, i-EROFS inezinga lokuminyanisa elibi kakhulu (usayizi wesithombe ungu-2.7 GiB ku-EROFS uma uqhathaniswa no-2.0 GiB ku-SquashFS uma usebenzisa i-algorithm yokucindezela ye-XZ kanye no-3.9 GiB uma usebenzisa i-LZ3.1), kodwa inesivinini esiphezulu sokufinyelela okungahleliwe kanye ne-throughput (4 MisB/SFS7.1 ku-Squash / sFS5.0) .30.9 MiB/s uma iqhathaniswa no-26.3 MiB/s we-LZ4).
• Amadeskithophu e-Fedora Atomic, afana ne-Fedora Silverblue (GNOME), i-Fedora Kinoite (KDE), i-Fedora Sway Atomic, ne-Fedora Budgie Atomic, athuthele ohlelweni lwefayela le-Composefs ngokuzenzakalelayo, okuvumela lokhu kwakha ukuthi kusebenzise ukuhlukaniswa kwezimpande ezifundwayo kuphela futhi kuqhubeke nokunika amandla ukuqinisekiswa kobuqotho ngesikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwesistimu. Ama-partitions /etc kanye /var ayaqhubeka nokukhwezwa abhaleke. Isistimu yefayela ye-Composefs isetshenziswa njengesengezo kumasistimu wefayela we-OverlayFS kanye ne-EROFS asevele ekhona ku-kernel, futhi ilungiselelwe ukugcinwa ngokuhlanganyela okuphumelelayo kokuqukethwe kwezithombe ezimbalwa zediski ezifakiwe.
• Kuhlelo lwe-Fedora Kinoite (okuhlukile okubuyekezwe nge-athomu nge-KDE), izibuyekezo ezizenzakalelayo zinikwa amandla ngokuzenzakalelayo.
• Kunikezwa izakhiwo ezisemthethweni ze-Fedora zesistimu encane ye-WSL (Windows Uhlelo olungaphansi lwe Linux), ezifakiwe ohlwini Linux-ukusabalalisa okunikezwayo ukuze kufakwe ngokushesha ku-WSL. Ukwakhiwa kwakhiwe ngefomethi entsha, okukuvumela ukuthi usabalalise ukusatshalaliswa kusuka kweyakho amaseva ngaphandle kokulayisha kukhathalogi yeSitolo seMicrosoft, ngaphandle kokupakisha ngefomethi ye-appx futhi ngaphandle kokubeka ikhodi ethile ekuhlanganisweni Windows.
• Igatsha elisha lomtapo wolwazi we-SDL 3 wemultimedia uyasetshenziswa Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezisuselwa ku-SDL, iphrothokholi ye-Wayland isetshenziswa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Imitapo yolwazi ye-SDL 2 ithathelwe indawo isendlalelo se-sdl2-compat, esisebenza phezu kwe-SDL 3.
• Umphathi wephakheji ye-DNF5 manje usekela ukususa okhiye bekhosombe be-PGP abaphelelwe yisikhathi noma abaphelelwe yisikhathi ohlelweni, okuvumela ukuphathwa kokhiye okuzenzakalelayo lapho ufaka futhi ubuyekeza izinhlelo.
• Umphathi wephakheji we-RPM manje usekela ukudala abasebenzisi namaqembu ngokusekelwe kumafayela okumisa ahlinzekwe ngephakheji atholakala kuhla lwemibhalo lwe-Sysusers.d olusetshenziswa yi-systemd.
• Kwengezwe ijeneretha yokuncika yezandiso ze-GNOME Shell, okukuvumela ukuthi uxhume amaphakheji we-rpm nezandiso ezinguqulweni ze-GNOME Shell.
• I-DNF ne-RPM zinemodi ethi "Kopisha Ekubhaleni" enikwe amandla ngokuzenzakalela, esetshenziswa kusetshenziswa i-reflink kuma-Btrfs.
• Izinguqulo zephakheji ezibuyekeziwe: LLVM 20, GCC 15-test, binutils 2.44, glibc 2.41, gdb 15, Go 1.24, Tcl/Tk 9.0, Ruby 3.4, Zlib-ng 2.2.x, Setuptools 74.x5, . 11.
• I-emulator ye-FEX yengezwe endaweni ye-Architecture ye-AArch64, ekuvumela ukuthi usebenzise izinto ezisebenzisekayo ezakhelwe izakhiwo ze-x86 ne-x86-64 endaweni ye-ARM64 (AArch64). Izingxenye ezisekelwe ku-FEX zokusebenzisa izinhlelo ze-x86 zihlanganiswe ku-Fedora builds nemvelo yedeskithophu ye-KDE.
• Ukusekelwa okunwetshiwe kwamakhamera ewebhu ane-interface ye-MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface), esetshenziswa kakhulu kumakhompyutha aphathekayo namathebulethi esikhundleni se-UVC (USB Video Class).
• Usekelo olungeziwe lokubethelwa kwememori yomshini obonakalayo kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-AMD SEV-SNP kanye ne-Intel TDX.
• Amaphakheji asebenzisa kuphela i-git kanambambili athuthelwe ukuze axhunywe ngokumelene nokuncika kwe-git-core kunephakheji egcwele ye-git.
• Isikrini se-Plymouth boot splash sishintshiwe ukuze sisebenzise imojuli ye-simpledrm kernel, okuqeda isidingo sokulinda umshayeli we-GPU ukuthi aqalise.
• Ku-Firewalld, endaweni yokusebenzela yakhela i-IPv6, imodi ye-rpfilter (Reverse Path Filter) inikwa amandla ngokuzenzakalela ngokuthi "loose" esikhundleni sokuthi "strict".

Ku-Fedora 42, izinqolobane "zamahhala" kanye "nezingezona zamahhala" zephrojekthi ye-RPM Fusion ziye zasungulwa, eziqukethe amaphakheji anezinhlelo zokusebenza ezengeziwe ze-multimedia (MPlayer, VLC, Xine), amakhodekhi evidiyo/omsindo, ukwesekwa kweDVD, abashayeli be-AMD kanye ne-NVIDIA, izinhlelo zegeyimu nezilingisi.

Одновременно представлен релиз дистрибутива Fedora Asahi Remix 42, предназначенного для установки на компьютеры Mac, оснащённые ARM-чипами, разработанными компанией Apple. Fedora Asahi Remix 42 основан на пакетной базе Fedora Linux 42 и оснащён инсталлятором Calamares. Обеспечена возможность работы на системах Apple MacBook Air, MacBook Pro, Mac Mini, Mac Studio и iMac, оснащённых ARM-чипами Apple M1 и M2.

I-Fedora Asahi iwusekela ngokugcwele umsindo wekhompuyutha we-Apple, ikhamera, i-Wi-Fi, i-Bluetooth, amadivaysi okokufaka, i-USB Type C (USB 3.0), kanye nokushaja okungenantambo kwe-MagSafe. Ayikasekelwa okwamanje: i-USB-C, uxhumano lwesibonisi lwe-Thunderbolt/USB4, umbhobho, ne-ID yokuthinta. Abashayeli bezithombe basekela i-OpenGL 4.6, i-OpenGL ES 3.2 ne-Vulkan 1.4. Ukuze uqalise izinhlelo eziqoqelwe amasistimu e-x86_64, ikhithi yamathuluzi ye-muvm kanye nongqimba lokulingisa olusekelwe kuphakheji ye-FEX kusetshenziswa.

Source: opennet.ru