Ezihlokweni ezedlule, siqale ukukhuluma ngokuthi iyini i-Proxmox VE nokuthi isebenza kanjani. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngokuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani ithuba lokuhlanganisa futhi ubonise ukuthi yiziphi izinzuzo ezinikezayo.
Liyini iqoqo futhi kungani lidingeka? Iqoqo (elivela kuqoqo lesiNgisi) iqembu lamaseva ahlanganiswe iziteshi zokuxhumana ezinesivinini esikhulu, asebenza futhi avela kumsebenzisi ewonke. Kunezimo ezimbalwa eziyinhloko zokusebenzisa iqoqo:
- Ukunikeza ukubekezelelana kwamaphutha (Ukutholakala okuphezulu).
- Ukulayisha ukulinganisa (Ukulayisha ukulinganisa).
- Ukwanda kokukhiqiza (ukusebenza okuphezulu).
- Ukwenza Ikhompyutha Esabalalisiwe (Ikhompuyutha esabalalisiwe).
Isimo ngasinye sinezidingo zaso zamalungu eqoqo. Isibonelo, kuqoqo elenza ikhompuyutha esabalalisiwe, imfuneko eyinhloko ijubane eliphezulu lemisebenzi yezindawo ezintantayo nokubambezeleka okuphansi kwenethiwekhi. Amaqoqo anjalo avame ukusetshenziselwa izinjongo zocwaningo.
Njengoba sesike sathinta isihloko se-distributed computing, ngithanda ukuphawula ukuthi kukhona futhi into ethi uhlelo lwegridi (kusuka kugridi yesiNgisi - i-lattice, inethiwekhi). Naphezu kokufana okuvamile, ungaphambanisi isistimu yegridi kanye neqoqo. Igridi ayilona iqoqo ngomqondo ojwayelekile. Ngokungafani neqoqo, ama-node afakwe kugridi ngokuvamile anezinhlobonhlobo futhi abonakala ngokutholakala okuphansi. Le ndlela yenza lula isixazululo sezinkinga zekhompiyutha esabalalisiwe, kodwa ayikuvumeli ukudala ingqikithi eyodwa kusuka kumanodi.
Isibonelo esimangalisayo sesistimu yegridi iyinkundla yekhompyutha edumile (I-Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing). Le nkundla yayidalelwe iphrojekthi ekuqaleni (Sesha i-Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence Ekhaya), ebhekene nenkinga yokuthola ubuhlakani bangaphandle komhlaba ngokuhlaziya amasignali omsakazo.
Kanjani lo msebenziUhlu olukhulu lwedatha etholwe kuzibonakude zomsakazo luhlukaniswa lwaba izingcezu eziningi ezincane, futhi zithunyelwa ezindaweni zohlelo lwegridi (kuphrojekthi ye-SETI@home, amakhompuyutha angamavolontiya adlala indima yalezo zindawo). Idatha icutshungulwa ezindaweni futhi ngemva kokuqedwa kokucubungula, ithunyelwa kuseva emaphakathi yephrojekthi ye-SETI. Ngakho-ke, iphrojekthi ixazulula inkinga yomhlaba wonke eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngaphandle kokuba namandla ekhompyutha adingekayo.
Manje njengoba sesinokuqonda okucacile kokuthi iqoqo liyini, siphakamisa ukuthi sicabangele ukuthi lingadalwa futhi lisetshenziswe kanjani. Sizosebenzisa isistimu ye-virtualization yomthombo ovulekile .
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ngokucacile imikhawulo kanye nezidingo zesistimu ye-Proxmox ngaphambi kokuqala ukwakha iqoqo, okungukuthi:
- inani eliphezulu lamanodi kuqoqo - 32;
- wonke ama-node kufanele abe nawo inguqulo efanayo ye-Proxmox (kukhona okuhlukile, kepha akunconyelwe ukukhiqizwa);
- uma esikhathini esizayo kuhlelwa ukusebenzisa umsebenzi Wokutholakala Okuphezulu, khona-ke iqoqo kufanele libe nalo okungenani ama-node ama-3;
- amachweba kufanele avuleke ukuze ama-node axhumane UDP/5404, UDP/5405 ngoba corosync futhi I-TCP/22 okwe-SSH;
- ukubambezeleka kwenethiwekhi phakathi kwamanodi akufanele kudlule I-2 ms.
Dala iqoqo
Okubalulekile! Ukucushwa okulandelayo kuyisivivinyo. Ungakhohlwa ukuhlola I-Proxmox VE.
Ukuze siqalise iqoqo lokuhlola, sithathe amaseva amathathu ane-Proxmox hypervisor efakwe ngokucushwa okufanayo (ama-cores angu-2, 2 GB we-RAM).
Uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani i-Proxmox, khona-ke sincoma ukuthi ufunde isihloko sethu esedlule - .
Ekuqaleni, ngemva kokufaka i-OS, iseva eyodwa ingena imodi ezimele.
Dala iqoqo ngokuchofoza inkinobho Dala i-Cluster esigabeni esifanele.
Setha igama leqoqo lesikhathi esizayo bese sikhetha uxhumano lwenethiwekhi olusebenzayo.
Chofoza inkinobho ethi Dala. Iseva izokhiqiza ukhiye we-2048-bit futhi iwubhale, kanye nemingcele yeqoqo elisha, kumafayela okumisa.
Umbhalo UMSEBENZI KULUNGILE ikhombisa ukuqedwa ngempumelelo komsebenzi. Manje, uma ubheka ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana nesistimu, kungabonakala ukuthi iseva ishintshele kumodi yeqoqo. Kuze kube manje, iqoqo liqukethe i-node eyodwa kuphela, okungukuthi, alikabi nawo amakhono okudingeka iqoqo lawo.
Ukujoyina Iqoqo
Ngaphambi kokuxhuma kuqoqo elidaliwe, sidinga ukuthola ulwazi ukuze siqedele uxhumano. Ukuze wenze lokhu, yiya esigabeni Cluster futhi Π½Π°ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΊΡ Joyina Ulwazi.
Ewindini elivulayo, sinentshisekelo kokuqukethwe kwenkambu yegama elifanayo. Kuzodingeka ukuthi ikopishwe.
Wonke amapharamitha okuxhumana adingekayo abhalwe ngekhodi lapha: ikheli leseva lokuxhuma kanye nezigxivizo zeminwe zedijithali. Siya kuseva edinga ukufakwa kuqoqo. Sicindezela inkinobho Joyina i-Cluster futhi efasiteleni elivulekayo, namathisela okuqukethwe okukopishiwe.
Amasimu Ikheli Lontanga ΠΈ I-fingerprint izogcwaliswa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Faka iphasiwedi yempande yenombolo ye-node 1, khetha uxhumano lwenethiwekhi bese ucindezela inkinobho Joyina.
Phakathi nenqubo yokujoyina iqoqo, ikhasi lewebhu le-GUI lingase liyeke ukubuyekeza. Kulungile, vele ulayishe kabusha ikhasi. Ngendlela efanayo, sengeza enye i-node futhi ngenxa yalokho sithola iqoqo eligcwele lama-node angu-3 asebenzayo.
Manje sesingakwazi ukulawula wonke ama-cluster node kusuka ku-GUI eyodwa.
Inhlangano Etholakala Ngokuphezulu
I-Proxmox ngaphandle kwebhokisi isekela ukusebenza kwenhlangano ye-HA kuyo yomibili imishini ebonakalayo neziqukathi ze-LXC. Isisetshenziswa ha-umphathi ithola futhi isingathe amaphutha nokwehluleka, yenza i-faillover kusuka ku-node ehlulekile kuya kweyokusebenza. Ukuze umshini usebenze kahle, kuyadingeka ukuthi imishini ebonakalayo neziqukathi zibe nesitoreji sefayela esivamile.
Ngemva kokwenza kusebenze Ukutholakala Okuphezulu, isitaki sesofthiwe ye-ha-manager sizoqhubeka siqaphe isimo somshini obonakalayo noma isiqukathi futhi sihlanganyele ngokungahambisani namanye amanodi eqoqo.
Inamathisela isitoreji esabiwe
Njengesibonelo, sikhiphe isabelo esincane sefayela le-NFS kokuthi 192.168.88.18. Ukuze wonke ama-node eqoqo akwazi ukulisebenzisa, udinga ukwenza lokhu kukhohlisa okulandelayo.
Khetha kumenyu yesixhumi esibonakalayo Isikhungo Sedatha - Isitoreji - Engeza - NFS.
Gcwalisa izinkambu ID ΠΈ Iseva. Kuhlu lokudonsela phansi Thumela khetha uhla lwemibhalo olufunayo kwezitholakalayo nasohlwini Okuqukethwe - Izinhlobo zedatha ezidingekayo. Ngemva kokucindezela inkinobho Engeza isitoreji sizoxhunywa kuwo wonke ama-cluster node.
Lapho udala imishini ebonakalayo neziqukathi kunoma iyiphi i-node, sicacisa yethu isitoreji njengesitoreji.
Ukusetha i-HA
Isibonelo, masidale isiqukathi esino-Ubuntu 18.04 futhi silungiselele Ukutholakala Okuphezulu kuso. Ngemva kokudala nokusebenzisa isitsha, hamba esigabeni Isikhungo sedatha-HA-Engeza. Esigabeni esivulayo, cacisa i-ID yomshini/isitsha esibonakalayo kanye nenani eliphakeme lemizamo yokuqalisa kabusha nokuhamba phakathi kwamanodi.
Uma le nombolo yeqiwe, i-hypervisor izomaka i-VM njengehlulekile bese iyibeka esimweni sephutha, ngemva kwalokho izoyeka ukwenza noma yiziphi izenzo ngayo.
Ngemva kokucindezela inkinobho Engeza Umbuso ha-umphathi izokwazisa wonke amanodi eqoqo ukuthi manje i-VM ene-ID eshiwo iyalawulwa futhi uma kwenzeka kuba nokuphahlazeka kufanele iqalwe kabusha kwenye indawo.
Masenze ukuphahlazeka
Ukubona ukuthi indlela yokushintsha isebenza kanjani ngempela, ake sicime ukunikezwa kwamandla kwe-node1 ngokungavamile. Sibheka kwenye i-node ukuthi kwenzekani nge-cluster. Siyabona ukuthi uhlelo lulungise ukwehluleka.
Ukusebenza komshini we-HA akusho ukuqhubeka kwe-VM. Lapho nje i-node "iwa", ukusebenza kwe-VM kuyamiswa okwesikhashana kuze kube yilapho kuqalwa kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo kwenye indawo.
Futhi lapha "umlingo" uqala - iqoqo labela kabusha ngokuzenzakalelayo i-node yokusebenzisa i-VM yethu futhi phakathi nemizuzwana engu-120 umsebenzi wabuyiselwa ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Sicisha i-node2 ekudleni. Ake sibone ukuthi iqoqo lizosinda yini nokuthi i-VM izobuyela yini esimweni sokusebenza ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Maye, njengoba singabona, sinenkinga yokuthi ayisekho i-quorum ku-node esele kuphela, evimbela ngokuzenzakalelayo i-HA. Sinikeza umyalo wokuphoqa ukufakwa kwekhoramu kukhonsoli.
pvecm expected 1
Ngemuva kwemizuzu emi-2, umshini we-HA usebenze kahle futhi, ungatholi i-node2, wethule i-VM yethu ku-node3.
Lapho nje sivula i-node1 ne-node2, iqoqo labuyiselwa ngokuphelele. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi i-VM ayifuduki ibuyele ku-node1 ngokwayo, kodwa lokhu kungenziwa mathupha.
Ukufingqa
Sikutshelile ngendlela indlela yokuhlanganisa ye-Proxmox esebenza ngayo, saphinde sakubonisa ukuthi i-HA ilungiselelwa kanjani imishini neziqukathi ezingokoqobo. Ukusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele kwe-clustering kanye ne-HA kukhulisa kakhulu ukuthembeka kwengqalasizinda, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngokulungiswa kwezinhlekelele.
Ngaphambi kokudala iqoqo, udinga ukuhlela ngokushesha ukuthi yiziphi izinjongo ezizosetshenziswa nokuthi zizodinga ukukalwa kangakanani esikhathini esizayo. Udinga futhi ukuhlola ingqalasizinda yenethiwekhi ukuthi ikulungele yini ukusebenza ngokubambezeleka okuncane ukuze iqoqo lesikhathi esizayo lisebenze ngaphandle kokwehluleka.
Sitshele - ingabe usebenzisa amandla okuhlanganisa e-Proxmox? Silinde wena kumazwana.
Izindatshana ezedlule ku-Proxmox VE hypervisor:
Source: www.habr.com