4.2.2. I-RBER neminyaka yediski (ngaphandle kwemijikelezo ye-PE).
Umfanekiso 1 ubonisa ukuhlobana okubalulekile phakathi kwe-RBER neminyaka yobudala, okuyinani lezinyanga idiski ezibe ngayo ensimini. Nokho, lokhu kungase kube ukuhlobana okungamanga njengoba kungenzeka ukuthi amadrayivu amadala anama-PE amaningi ngakho-ke i-RBER ihlotshaniswa kakhulu nemijikelezo ye-PE.
Ukuze kuqedwe umphumela weminyaka ekugqokeni okubangelwa imijikelezo ye-PE, siqoqe zonke izinyanga zesevisi ezitsheni sisebenzisa ama-deciles wokusabalalisa umjikelezo we-PE njengendlela yokunqamula phakathi kweziqukathi, isibonelo, isitsha sokuqala siqukethe zonke izinyanga zokuphila kwediski kuze kufike ku- i-decile yokuqala yokusatshalaliswa komjikelezo we-PE, njalonjalo Ngokuqhubekayo. Siqinisekise ukuthi ngaphakathi kwesiqukathi ngasinye ukuhlobana phakathi kwemijikelezo ye-PE ne-RBER kuncane kakhulu (njengoba isiqukathi ngasinye simboza kuphela uhla oluncane lwemijikelezo ye-PE), sase sibala i-coefficient yokuhlobanisa phakathi kwe-RBER neminyaka yediski ngokuhlukana esitsheni ngasinye.
Senze lokhu kuhlaziya ngokwehlukana kumodeli ngayinye ngenxa yokuthi noma ikuphi ukuhlobana okuphawuliwe akubangelwa umehluko phakathi kwamamodeli amancane namadala, kodwa kungenxa yobudala bamadrayivu emodeli efanayo. Siqaphele ukuthi ngisho nangemva kokukhawulela umphumela wemijikelezo ye-PE ngendlela echazwe ngenhla, kuwo wonke amamodeli okushayela kwakusenokuhlobana okuphawulekayo phakathi kwenani lezinyanga ukushayela okuye kwaba senkambu kanye ne-RBER yayo (ama-coefficients wokuhlanganisa asukela ku-0,2 kuya ku-0,4) ).
Ilayisi. 3. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-RBER kanye nenani lemijikelezo ye-PE yamadiski amasha namadala bubonisa ukuthi ubudala bediski buthinta inani le-RBER kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imijikelezo ye-PE ebangelwa ukuguga.
Siphinde sabona ngeso lengqondo umphumela weminyaka yokushayela ngokuhlukanisa izinsuku zokusetshenziswa kwedrayivu usemncane βomushaβ kuze kufike onyakeni ongu-1 kanye nezinsuku zokusetshenziswa kwedrayivu phakathi kweminyaka engu-4, sase sihlela i-RBER ngayinye. iqembu ngokumelene nenani lemijikelezo ye-PE. Umfanekiso 3 ubonisa le miphumela yemodeli yedrayivu ye-MLC-D. Sibona umehluko obonakalayo kumanani we-RBER phakathi kwamaqembu amadiski amadala namasha kuyo yonke imijikelezo ye-PE.
Kusukela kulokhu siphetha ngokuthi ubudala, obukalwa ngezinsuku zokusetshenziswa kwediski ensimini, bunomthelela omkhulu ku-RBER, ngaphandle kokugqoka kwamaseli enkumbulo ngenxa yokuchayeka emijikelezweni ye-PE. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ezinye izici, njengokuguga kwe-silicon, zidlala indima enkulu ekugqokeni ngokomzimba kwediski.
4.2.3. I-RBER kanye nomsebenzi.
Amaphutha amancane kucatshangwa ukuthi abangelwa enye yezindlela ezine:
- amaphutha okugcina Amaphutha okugcina, uma iseli yememori ilahlekelwa idatha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
Funda amaphutha okuphazamisa, lapho umsebenzi wokufunda ulimaza okuqukethwe kweseli eliseduze; - Bhala amaphutha okuphazamisa, lapho umsebenzi wokufunda ulimaza okuqukethwe kweseli eliseduze;
- Amaphutha okusula angaphelele, lapho umsebenzi wokusula ungasusi ngokuphelele okuqukethwe kweseli.
Amaphutha ezinhlobo ezintathu zokugcina (ukuphazamiseka kokufunda, ukuphazamiseka kokubhala, ukusula okungaphelele) ahlotshaniswa nomthwalo womsebenzi, ngakho ukuqonda ukuhlobana phakathi kwe-RBER nomthwalo womsebenzi kusisiza ukuba siqonde ukusabalala kwezinqubo zamaphutha ahlukene. Ocwaningweni lwakamuva, "Ucwaningo olukhulu lokuhluleka kwenkumbulo ye-flash emkhakheni" (MEZA, J., WU, Q., KUMAR, S., MUTLU, O. "Ucwaningo olukhulu lokuhluleka kwememori ye-flash ku the field." Ku-Proceedings of the 2015 ACM SIGMETRICS International Conference on Measurement and Modelling of Computer Systems, New York, 2015, SIGMETRICS '15, ACM, pp. 177β190) iphethe ngokuthi amaphutha esitoreji agcwele emkhakheni, kuyilapho amaphutha okufunda. zincane impela.
Umfanekiso 1 ubonisa ubudlelwane obubalulekile phakathi kwenani le-RBER enyangeni enikeziwe yokuphila kwediski kanye nenani lokufunda, ukubhala, nokusula enyangeni efanayo kwamanye amamodeli (isibonelo, i-coefficient yokuhlanganisa ingaphezulu kuka-0,2 we-MLC - B imodeli futhi ephakeme kuno-0,6 ye-SLC-B). Nokho, kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kuwukuhlobana okungamanga, njengoba umthwalo wanyanga zonke ungase uhlobane nenani eliphelele lemijikelezo ye-PE.
Sisebenzise indlela efanayo echazwe eSigabeni 4.2.2 ukuze sihlukanise imiphumela yomthwalo womsebenzi emiphumeleni yemijikelezo ye-PE ngokuhlukanisa izinyanga zokusebenza kokushayela ngokusekelwe emijikelezweni ye-PE yangaphambilini, bese sinquma ama-coefficients okuxhumana ngokwehlukana esiqukathi ngasinye.
Sibonile ukuthi ukuhlobana phakathi kwenani elifundiwe enyangeni enikeziwe yokuphila kwediski kanye nenani le-RBER kuleyo nyanga kwaqhubeka kumamodeli we-MLC-B kanye ne-SLC-B, ngisho nalapho kunciphisa imijikelezo ye-PE. Siphinde saphinda ukuhlaziya okufanayo lapho singabandakanyi umphumela wokufundwayo enanini lokubhala nokusula ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi saphetha ngokuthi ukuhlobana phakathi kwe-RBER nenombolo yokufundwayo kuyiqiniso kumodeli ye-SLC-B.
Umfanekiso 1 futhi ubonisa ukuhlobana phakathi kwe-RBER nokubhala nokusula imisebenzi, ngakho-ke siphinde ukuhlaziya okufanayo kokufunda, ukubhala, nokusula imisebenzi. Siphetha ngokuthi ngokunciphisa umthelela wemijikelezo ye-PE nokufunda, abukho ubuhlobo phakathi kwenani le-RBER kanye nenani lokubhala nokusula.
Ngakho-ke, kukhona amamodeli ediski lapho amaphutha wokwephulwa kokufunda enomthelela omkhulu ku-RBER. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abukho ubufakazi bokuthi i-RBER ithintwa amaphutha okwephulwa kokubhala kanye namaphutha okusula angaphelele.
4.2.4 I-RBER kanye ne-lithography.
Umehluko kusayizi wento ungase uchaze ngokwengxenye umehluko wamanani e-RBER phakathi kwamamodeli wedrayivu esebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufanayo, okungukuthi i-MLC noma i-SLC. (Bheka Ithebula 1 ukuze uthole isifinyezo se-lithography yamamodeli ahlukahlukene afakwe kulolu cwaningo).
Isibonelo, amamodeli we-SLC angu-2 ane-34nm lithography (amamodeli we-SLC-A ne-SLC-D) ane-RBER ewuhlelo lobukhulu obuphakeme kunalelo lamamodeli angu-2 ane-50nm microelectronic lithography (amamodeli SLC-B kanye ne-SLC-C). Endabeni yamamodeli we-MLC, imodeli ye-43nm (MLC-B) kuphela ene-RBER emaphakathi ephakeme ngo-50% kunezinye izinhlobo ezi-3 ezine-50nm lithography. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mehluko ku-RBER ukhuphuka ngesici esingu-4 njengoba amadrayivu eguga, njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 2. Okokugcina, i-lithography encane ingase ichaze i-RBER ephakeme yamadrayivu e-eMLC uma kuqhathaniswa namadrayivu e-MLC. Sekukonke, sinobufakazi obucacile bokuthi i-lithography ithinta i-RBER.
4.2.5. Ukuba khona kwamanye amaphutha.
Siphenye ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-RBER nezinye izinhlobo zamaphutha, njengamaphutha angalungiseki, amaphutha okuphela kwesikhathi, njll., ikakhulukazi, ukuthi ingabe inani le-RBER liyaba phezulu ngemva kwenyanga yokuchayeka kwezinye izinhlobo zamaphutha.
Umfanekiso 1 ubonisa ukuthi nakuba i-RBER yenyanga edlule ibikezela amanani e-RBER esikhathi esizayo (i-coefficient yokuxhumanisa enkulu kuno-0,8), akukho ukuhlobana okubalulekile phakathi kwamaphutha angenakulungiseka kanye ne-RBER (iqembu elingakwesokudla kakhulu lezinto kumfanekiso 1). Kwezinye izinhlobo zamaphutha, i-coefficient yokuhlobanisa iphansi kakhulu (ayiboniswa esithombeni). Siphinde sahlola ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-RBER namaphutha angalungiseki kuSigaba 5.2 saleli phepha.
4.2.6. Ithonya lezinye izici.
Sithole ubufakazi bokuthi kunezici ezinomthelela omkhulu ku-RBER idatha yethu engakwazi ukuziphendulela. Ikakhulukazi, siqaphele ukuthi i-RBER yemodeli yediski enikeziwe iyahlukahluka kuye ngeqoqo lapho idiski isetshenziswa khona. Isibonelo esihle uMfanekiso 4, obonisa i-RBER njengomsebenzi wemijikelezo ye-PE yokushayela kwe-MLC-D kumaqoqo amathathu ahlukene (imigqa edayishiwe) futhi uyiqhathanise ne-RBER yale modeli ngokuhlobene nenani eliphelele lamadrayivu (umugqa oqinile). Sithola ukuthi lo mehluko uyaqhubeka ngisho nalapho sikhawulela umthelela wezici ezifana nobudala bediski noma inombolo yokufundwayo.
Incazelo eyodwa engaba khona yalokhu umehluko ohlotsheni lomthwalo womsebenzi kuwo wonke amaqoqo, njengoba sibona ukuthi amaqoqo anomthwalo wawo womsebenzi onezilinganiso eziphezulu kakhulu zokufunda/ukubhala ane-RBER ephezulu kakhulu.
Ilayisi. 4 a), b). Amanani e-RBER emaphakathi njengomsebenzi wemijikelezo ye-PE yamaqoqo amathathu ahlukene kanye nokuncika kwesilinganiso sokufunda/sokubhala enanini lemijikelezo ye-PE yamaqoqo amathathu ahlukene.
Isibonelo, Umfanekiso 4(b) ubonisa izilinganiso zokufunda/zokubhala zamaqoqo ahlukene wemodeli yedrayivu ye-MLC-D. Kodwa-ke, isilinganiso sokufunda/sokubhala asiwuchazi umehluko phakathi kwamaqoqo awo wonke amamodeli, ngakho kungase kube nezinye izici idatha yethu engabandakanyi ngazo, njengezici zemvelo noma amanye amapharamitha omthwalo womsebenzi wangaphandle.
4.3. I-RBER ngesikhathi sokuhlola ukuqina okusheshisiwe.
Umsebenzi omningi wesayensi, kanye nokuhlolwa okwenziwa lapho kuthengwa imidiya esikalini sezimboni, kubikezela ukwethembeka kwamadivayisi emkhakheni ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kokuqina okusheshisiwe. Sinqume ukuthola ukuthi imiphumela yokuhlolwa okunjalo ihambelana kahle kangakanani nolwazi olusebenzayo ekusebenziseni imidiya yesitoreji sesimo esiqinile.
Ukuhlaziywa kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa okwenziwe kusetshenziswa indlela yokuhlola evamile esheshisiwe yezinto zokusebenza ezinikezwa izikhungo zedatha ye-Google kubonise ukuthi amanani enkambu ye-RBER aphezulu kakhulu kunalokho obekubikezelwe. Isibonelo, i-eMLC-imodeli, i-Median RBER yamadiski asebenza ensimini (ekupheleni kokuhlolwa inani lemijikelezo ye-PE yafinyelela ku-600) yayingu-1e-05, kuyilapho ngokusho kwemiphumela yokuhlolwa okusheshisiwe kokuqala, le RBER inani kufanele lihambisane nemijikelezo ye-PE engaphezu kuka-4000. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukubikezela ngokunembile inani le-RBER emkhakheni ngokusekelwe ezilinganisweni ze-RBER ezitholwe ekuhlolweni kwaselabhorethri.
Siphinde saqaphela ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zamaphutha zinzima kakhulu ukuphinda zikhiqize ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okusheshisiwe. Isibonelo, endabeni yemodeli ye-MLC-B, cishe u-60% wamadrayivu emkhakheni aba namaphutha angalungiseki futhi cishe u-80% wamadrayivu athuthukisa amabhlogo amabi. Kodwa-ke, phakathi nokuhlolwa kokukhuthazela okusheshisiwe, akukho neyodwa kumadivayisi ayisithupha eye yaba namaphutha angalungiseki kwaze kwaba yilapho amadrayivu efinyelela ngaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu komkhawulo womjikelezo we-PE. Kumamodeli we-eMLC, amaphutha angenakulungiseka enzeka ngaphezu kuka-80% wamadrayivu ensimini, kuyilapho phakathi nokuhlolwa okusheshisiwe amaphutha anjalo enzeka ngemva kokufinyelela imijikelezo ye-PE engu-15000.
Siphinde sabheka i-RBER ebikwe emsebenzini wocwaningo wangaphambilini, owawususelwe ekuhlolweni endaweni elawulwayo, futhi saphetha ngokuthi ububanzi bamanani babubanzi kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, u-L.M. U-Grupp nabanye embikweni wabo womsebenzi ka-2009 -2012 amanani we-RBER wamadrayivu aseduze nokufinyelela imikhawulo yomjikelezo we-PE. Isibonelo, kumadivayisi e-SLC ne-MLC anosayizi we-lithography afana nalawo asetshenziswa emsebenzini wethu (25-50nm), inani le-RBER lisukela ku-1e-08 kuye ku-1e-03, namamodeli amaningi okushayela ahlolwe anenani le-RBER elisondele ku-1e- 06.
Esifundweni sethu, amamodeli amathathu okushayela afinyelele umkhawulo womjikelezo we-PE ayenama-RBER asukela ku-3e-08 kuya ku-8e-08. Ngisho nokucabangela ukuthi izinombolo zethu ziyimingcele ephansi futhi zingaba zinkulu ngokuphindwe ka-16 esimweni esibi kakhulu, noma uma kucatshangelwa i-95th percentile ye-RBER, amanani ethu asephansi kakhulu.
Sekukonke, kuyilapho amanani enkundla yangempela ye-RBER ephakeme kunamanani abikezelwe ngokususelwe ekuhlolweni kokuqina okusheshisiwe, asephansi kunama-RBER amaningi kumadivayisi afanayo abikwe kwamanye amaphepha ocwaningo futhi abalwa kusukela ekuhlolweni kwaselabhorethri. Lokhu kusho ukuthi akufanele uthembele kumanani e-RBER enkambu ebikezelwe asuselwe ekuhlolweni kokuqina okusheshisiwe.
5. Amaphutha angalungiseki.
Uma kubhekwa ukusabalala kwamaphutha angalungiseki (ama-UE), okuxoxwe ngawo eSigabeni sesi-3 saleli phepha, kulesi sigaba sihlola izici zawo ngokuningiliziwe. Siqala ngokuxoxa ngokuthi iyiphi imethrikhi okufanele isetshenziswe ukukala i-UE, ukuthi ihlobana kanjani ne-RBER, nokuthi i-UE ithintwa kanjani izici ezihlukahlukene.
5.1. Kungani isilinganiso se-UBER singenangqondo.
Imethrikhi evamile ebonisa amaphutha angalungiseki izinga lephutha lebhithi elingalungiseki le-UBER, okungukuthi, isilinganiso senani lamaphutha ebhithi angalungiseki nenani eliphelele lamabhithi afundiwe.
Le metric ithatha ngokungaguquki ukuthi inani lamaphutha angalungiseki ngandlela thize liboshelwe enanini lamabhithi afundiwe, ngakho-ke kufanele lenziwe lejwayelekile ngale nombolo.
Lokhu kucabangela kuvumeleke emaphutheni alungisekayo, lapho inani lamaphutha abonwe enyangeni ethile litholakala lihlotshaniswa kakhulu nenani elifundiwe phakathi nenkathi yesikhathi efanayo (i-Spearman corelation coefficient enkulu kuno-0.9). Isizathu sokuhlobana okuqine kangaka ukuthi ngisho nebhithi elilodwa elibi, inqobo nje uma lilungiswa kusetshenziswa i-ECC, lizoqhubeka nokwandisa inani lamaphutha ngokusebenza ngakunye kokufunda okufinyelelwe yikho, njengoba ukuhlolwa kweseli eliqukethe ibhithi elibi likhona. ayilungiswa ngokushesha lapho kutholwa iphutha (amadiski abhala kabusha ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela amakhasi anamabhithi alimele).
Ukuqagela okufanayo akusebenzi kumaphutha angalungiseki. Iphutha elingalungiseki livimbela ukusetshenziswa okwengeziwe kwebhulokhi eyonakele, ngakho-ke uma sekutholakele, ukuvimba okunjalo ngeke kuthinte inani lamaphutha esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuze siqinisekise ngokusemthethweni lokhu kucatshangelwa, sisebenzise amamethrikhi ahlukahlukene ukukala ubudlelwano phakathi kwenombolo yokufundwayo enyangeni enikeziwe yokuphila kwediski kanye nenani lamaphutha angenakulungiseka phakathi nenkathi yesikhathi esifanayo, okuhlanganisa ama-coefficient ahlukahlukene okulungisa (Pearson, Spearman, Kendall) , kanye nokuhlolwa okubonwayo kwamagrafu . Ngokungeziwe enanini lamaphutha angenakulungiseka, siphinde sabheka imvamisa yezehlakalo zamaphutha angalungiseki (okungukuthi, amathuba okuthi idiski okungenani ibe nesigameko esisodwa esinjalo phakathi nenkathi ethile yesikhathi) kanye nobudlelwano bayo bokufunda imisebenzi.
Asitholanga bufakazi bokuhlobana phakathi kwenombolo yokufundwayo kanye nenani lamaphutha angalungiseki. Kuwo wonke amamodeli okushayela, ama-coefficients okuxhumana ayengaphansi kuka-0.02, futhi amagrafu awazange abonise noma yikuphi ukwenyuka kwe-UE njengoba inani lokufundwayo landa.
Esigabeni 5.4 saleli phepha, sixoxa ngokuthi ukubhala nokusula ukusebenza nakho akuhlobene namaphutha angalungiseki, ngakho enye incazelo ye-UBER, ejwayeleke ngokubhala noma ukusula imisebenzi esikhundleni sokusebenza kokufunda, ayinayo incazelo.
Ngakho-ke siphetha ngokuthi i-UBER akuyona imethrikhi enengqondo, ngaphandle kokuthi mhlawumbe lapho ihlolwa ezindaweni ezilawulwayo lapho inani lokufundwayo lisethwa ngumhloli. Uma i-UBER isetshenziswa njengemethrikhi phakathi nokuhlolwa kwenkambu, izokwehlisa ngokuzenzela isilinganiso samaphutha kumadrayivu anenani eliphezulu lokufunda futhi ikhulise ngokuzenzela isilinganiso samaphutha amadrayivu anenani eliphansi lokufunda, njengoba kwenzeka amaphutha angenakulungiseka kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingakanani inani lokufundwayo.
5.2. Amaphutha angalungiseki kanye ne-RBER.
Ukufaneleka kwe-RBER kuchazwa iqiniso lokuthi isebenza njengesilinganiso sokunquma ukwethembeka kukonke kwedrayivu, ikakhulukazi, ngokusekelwe emathubeni amaphutha angenakulungiseka. Emsebenzini wabo, u-N. Mielke et al ngo-2008 babe ngabokuqala ukuphakamisa ukuchaza izinga lamaphutha elingalungiseki elilindelwe njengomsebenzi we-RBER. Kusukela lapho, abathuthukisi bohlelo abaningi basebenzise izindlela ezifanayo, njengokulinganisa izinga lephutha elingalungiseki elilindelwe njengomsebenzi wohlobo lwe-RBER ne-ECC.
Inhloso yalesi sigaba ukuveza ukuthi i-RBER ibikezela kahle kangakanani amaphutha angalungiseki. Ake siqale ngomfanekiso 5a, ohlela i-RBER emaphakathi ngenani lamamodeli edrayivu esizukulwane sokuqala ngokumelene nephesenti lezinsuku ebezisetshenziswa ezihlangabezane namaphutha e-UE angalungiseki. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezinye zezibonelo ze-16 eziboniswe kugrafu azifakiwe kuThebula 1 ngenxa yokuntuleka kolwazi lokuhlaziya.
Ilayisi. 5a. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-RBER emaphakathi kanye namaphutha angalungiseki kumamodeli ahlukahlukene wedrayivu.
Ilayisi. 5b. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-RBER emaphakathi namaphutha angalungiseki kumadrayivu ahlukene emodeli efanayo.
Khumbula ukuthi wonke amamodeli esizukulwaneni esisodwa asebenzisa indlela ye-ECC efanayo, ngakho umehluko phakathi kwamamodeli uzimele ngokwehlukana kwe-ECC. Asibonanga ukuhlobana phakathi kwezehlakalo ze-RBER ne-UE. Sakhe isakhiwo esifanayo samathuba angu-95 e-RBER ngokumelene ne-UE futhi asiphindanga sabona ukuhlobana.
Okulandelayo, siphindaphinda ukuhlaziywa ku-granularity yamadiski ngamanye, okungukuthi, sizame ukuthola ukuthi ngabe akhona yini amadiski lapho inani eliphakeme le-RBER lihambisana nemvamisa ephezulu ye-UE. Njengesibonelo, Umfanekiso 5b uhlela i-RBER emaphakathi kudrayivu ngayinye yemodeli ye-MLC-c ngokumelene nenani lama-UE (imiphumela efana naleyo etholwe i-95th percentile RBER). Futhi, asibonanga noma yikuphi ukuhlobana phakathi kwe-RBER ne-UE.
Ekugcineni, senze ukuhlaziya kwesikhathi okunembe kakhudlwana ukuze sihlole ukuthi ingabe izinyanga zokusebenza zokushayela ezine-RBER ephakeme zingahambisana nezinyanga okwenzeka ngazo ama-UE. Umfanekiso we-1 usuvele ubonise ukuthi i-coefficient yokuhlobanisa phakathi kwamaphutha angalungiseki kanye ne-RBER iphansi kakhulu. Siphinde sazama ngezindlela ezihlukene zokuhlela amathuba e-UE njengomsebenzi we-RBER futhi asitholanga bufakazi bokuhlobana.
Ngakho, siphetha ngokuthi i-RBER iyimethrikhi engathembekile yokubikezela i-UE. Lokhu kungase kusho ukuthi izindlela zokwehluleka eziholela ku-RBER zihlukile kuzinqubo eziholela kumaphutha angalungiseki (isb., amaphutha aqukethwe kumaseli ngamanye ngokumelene nezinkinga ezinkulu ezenzeka ngalo lonke idivayisi).
5.3. Amaphutha angalungiseki nokuguga.
Njengoba ukukhathala kungenye yezinkinga eziyinhloko zememori ye-flash, Umfanekiso 6 ubonisa amathuba ansuku zonke amaphutha okushayela angalungiseki njengomsebenzi wemijikelezo ye-PE.
Umfanekiso 6. Amathuba ansuku zonke okuba khona kwamaphutha edrayivu angalungiseki kuye ngemijikelezo ye-PE.
Siyaqaphela ukuthi amathuba e-UE akhula ngokuqhubekayo ngeminyaka yokushayela. Kodwa-ke, njenge-RBER, ukunyuka kuhamba kancane kunalokho okuvame ukucatshangwa: amagrafu abonisa ukuthi ama-UE akhula ngokulandelana kunokuba akhule kakhulu ngemijikelezo ye-PE.
Iziphetho ezimbili esizenze ku-RBER nazo ziyasebenza kuma-UEs: okokuqala, akukho ukwanda okucacile kwamandla ephutha uma umkhawulo womjikelezo we-PE usufinyelelwe, njengakumfanekiso 6 wemodeli ye-MLC-D umkhawulo wayo womjikelezo we-PE ungu-3000. Okwesibili, Okwesibili, Okwesibili, Okwesibili, , isilinganiso samaphutha siyahlukahluka phakathi kwamamodeli ahlukene, ngisho nangaphakathi kwesigaba esifanayo. Kodwa-ke, lo mehluko awumkhulu njenge-RBER.
Ekugcineni, ekusekeleni lokho esikutholile kuSigaba 5.2, sithole ukuthi phakathi kwesigaba semodeli eyodwa (MLC vs. SLC), amamodeli anamanani aphansi e-RBER yenombolo enikeziwe yemijikelezo ye-PE akuwona ngempela lawo anenani eliphansi kakhulu. amathuba okuba kwenzeke kwe-UE. Isibonelo, imijikelezo ye-PE engaphezu kuka-3000, amamodeli e-MLC-D ayenamanani e-RBER angaphansi ngokuphindwe kane kunezinhlobo ze-MLC-B, kodwa amathuba e-UE enani elifanayo lemijikelezo ye-PE ayephakeme kancane kumamodeli we-MLC-D kune-MLC-B. amamodeli.
Umfanekiso 7. Amathuba anyanga zonke okuba khona kwamaphutha edrayivu angalungiseki njengomsebenzi wokuba khona kwamaphutha angaphambilini ezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene.
5.4. Amaphutha angalungiseki nomthwalo womsebenzi.
Ngezizathu ezifanayo ukuthi umthwalo wokusebenza ungathinta i-RBER (bona Isigaba 4.2.3), kungalindeleka ukuthi futhi kuthinte i-UE. Isibonelo, njengoba sibonile ukuthi amaphutha okwephulwa kokufunda athinta i-RBER, imisebenzi yokufunda ingase futhi yandise amathuba okuba namaphutha angalungiseki.
Senze ucwaningo oluningiliziwe ngomthelela womthwalo wemisebenzi ku-EU. Kodwa-ke, njengoba kuphawuliwe eSigabeni 5.1, asizange sithole ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-UE nenombolo yokufundwayo. Siphinde ukuhlaziya okufanayo kokubhala nokusula imisebenzi futhi saphinde sabona kungekho ukuhlobana.
Qaphela ukuthi uma uthi nhlΓ‘, lokhu kubonakala kuphikisana nokuqaphela kwethu kwangaphambilini kokuthi amaphutha angalungiseki ahlotshaniswa nemijikelezo ye-PE. Ngakho-ke, umuntu angalindela ukuhlobana nenani lemisebenzi yokubhala nokusula.
Kodwa-ke, ekuhlaziyeni kwethu umthelela wemijikelezo ye-PE, siqhathanise inani lamaphutha angalungiseki enyangeni enikeziwe nenani eliphelele lemijikelezo ye-PE idrayivu eye yabhekana nakho kukho konke ukuphila kwayo kuze kube manje ukuze kukale umthelela wokuguga. Lapho sifunda umthelela womthwalo womsebenzi, sibheke izinyanga zokusebenza kwedrayivu enenani eliphakeme kakhulu lokufunda / ukubhala / ukusula imisebenzi enyangeni ethile, nayo eyayinethuba eliphakeme lokubangela amaphutha angalungiseki, okungukuthi, asizange sithathe bhala inani eliphelele lemisebenzi yokusula.
Ngenxa yalokho, sifinyelele esiphethweni sokuthi ukufunda amaphutha okwephula, ukubhala amaphutha, kanye namaphutha angaphelele okusula akuzona izici eziyinhloko ekuthuthukisweni kwamaphutha angalungiseki.
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Source: www.habr.com