Akukho ukushoda kwemikhiqizo abadali bayo abayibiza ngokuthi "inguquko" noma "shintsha yonke into" lapho yethulwa. Ngokungangabazeki, yonke inkampani eyenza okuthile okusha inethemba lokuthi ukwakheka kwayo okusha kanye nezindlela ezikhethiwe kuzoshintsha kakhulu ukuqonda kobuchwepheshe. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kwenzeka ngempela.
Umagazini onezintambo ukhethe izibonelo eziyi-10 zalolu hlobo kusuka ngo-2010 kuya ku-2019. Lena imikhiqizo okuthi, ngemva kokwethulwa okumangalisayo, yashintsha imakethe. Ngenxa yokuthi zisebenza ezimbonini ezihlukene, umthelela wazo awukwazi ukukalwa ngesilinganiso esifanayo. Ayohlelwa hhayi ngokubaluleka, kodwa ngokulandelana kwezenzakalo.
Isevisi yokuthumela imiyalezo yethulwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi - ngoNovemba 2009, kodwa umthelela wayo phakathi neminyaka eyishumi eyalandela yayibaluleke kakhulu.
Eminyakeni yokuqala, abasunguli ababambisene nabo u-Jan Koum no-Brian Acton babekhokhisa imali yonyaka engu-$1 ukuze basebenzise lolu hlelo, kodwa lokho akuzange kuvimbe i-WhatsApp ukuthi isabalale, ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka njengeBrazil, Indonesia kanye neNingizimu Afrika. I-WhatsApp yasebenza cishe kuwo wonke amadivaysi eselula esimanje, inika abasebenzisi amandla okubhala imilayezo ngaphandle kokukhokhiswa. Iphinde yasabalalisa ukubethela kokuphela-kuya-ekupheleni, ihlinzeka ngobumfihlo kwinani elikhulu labasebenzisi. Ngesikhathi i-WhatsApp yethula izingcingo zezwi nezingxoxo zevidiyo, kwase kuyindinganiso yokuxhumana kwamaselula emingceleni.
Ekuqaleni kuka-2014, i-Facebook yathola i-WhatsApp nge-$ 19 billion. Futhi ukutholwa kwakhokha, njengoba i-WhatsApp ikhulise isisekelo sayo sabasebenzisi saba yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1,6 futhi yaba enye yezinkundla zokuxhumana ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni (yize i-WeChat isabusa e-China). Njengoba i-WhatsApp ikhulile, inkampani ibhekene nobunzima bokusabalala kolwazi olungalungile ngokusebenzisa inkundla yayo, okuye kwaholela ezihlahleni zomphakathi kanye nodlame.
Apple iPad
Lapho uSteve Jobs eqala ukubonisa i-iPad ekuqaleni kuka-2010, abantu abaningi babezibuza ukuthi izoba khona yini imakethe yomkhiqizo owawumkhulu kakhulu kune-smartphone kodwa elula futhi enomkhawulo kunekhompyutha ephathekayo. Futhi izithombe zizothathwa kanjani ngalo mshini? Kodwa i-iPad yaba isiphetho semizamo yeminyaka eminingi ye-Apple yokwethula ithebhulethi, futhi uSteve Jobs wayekwazi ukubona okuthile abanye ababengakakucabangi: imikhiqizo ephathwayo yayizoba imishini ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphileni, futhi amaphrosesa angaphakathi kuyo ekugcineni ayezodlula. lezo zelaptop yansuku zonke. Abanye abakhiqizi baphuthuma ukuphendula inseleleβabanye baphumelela, abanye abazange. Kodwa namuhla, i-iPad iseyindinganiso kumathebulethi.
Ngo-2013, i-iPad Air yachaza kabusha ukuthi kusho ukuthini "izacile futhi ilula", futhi i-iPad Pro yango-2015 yayiyithebhulethi yokuqala ye-Apple ukufaka ipeni ledijithali, ixhume kukhibhodi ehlakaniphile ehlala ishaja, futhi isebenza nge-chip enamandla engu-64-bit. A9X. I-iPad ayiseyona nje ithebhulethi ekahle yokufunda omagazini nokubuka amavidiyo - isiyikhompyutha yesikhathi esizayo, njengoba abadali bayo bathembisa.
Uber kanye I-Lyft
Ubani obengacabanga ukuthi ama-techies ambalwa anenkinga yoku-oda itekisi e-San Francisco angadala obunye bobuchwepheshe obunethonya kakhulu kule minyaka eyishumi? I-UberCab yethulwe ngoJuni 2010, ivumela abantu ukuthi badumise "itekisi" ngokuthinta inkinobho ebonakalayo ku-smartphone yabo. Ezinsukwini zakuqala, insizakalo yayisebenza emadolobheni ambalwa kuphela, ihlanganisa inkokhiso enkulu, futhi yathumela izimoto zokunethezeka nama-limousine. Ukwethulwa kwenkonzo eshibhile ye-UberX ngo-2012 kwakushintsha lokho, kwaphinde kwaletha izimoto eziwuhlobo oluningi emgwaqeni. Ukwethulwa kwe-Lyft ngalowo nyaka kwadala imbangi ezimisele ye-Uber.
Yebo, njengoba i-Uber yanda emhlabeni wonke, izinkinga zenkampani nazo zanda. Uchungechunge lwezihloko ze-New York Times ngo-2017 lwadalula amaphutha amakhulu esikweni langaphakathi. Umsunguli uTravis Kalanick wagcina ephumile esikhundleni sokuba yisikhulu esiphezulu. Ubudlelwano bale nkampani nabashayeli bungundabamlonyeni, inqaba ukubahlukanisa njengabasebenzi ngesikhathi esifanayo igxekwa ngokunqamula amasheke abashayeli. Kodwa ukuze uthole ukuthi umnotho wokwabelana uwuguqule kanjani umhlaba wethu kanye nezimpilo zabantu kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, okumele ukwenze nje ukubuza umshayeli wetekisi ukuthi uzizwa kanjani nge-Uber?
Ekuqaleni, i-Instagram yayimayelana nezihlungi. Abatholi bokuqala basebenzise ngokujabula izihlungi ze-X-Pro II ne-Gotham ezithombeni zabo zesikwele se-Instagr.am, eziqale zathathwa kuphela ku-iPhone. Kodwa abasunguli abambisene nabo uKevin Systrom noMike Krieger babe nombono ngale kwezihlungi zezithombe ze-hipster. I-Instagram ayigcinanga nje ngokusungula ikhamera njengesici esibaluleke kakhulu se-smartphone, kodwa futhi yashiya ugibe olungadingekile lwezokuxhumana nabantu ngezixhumanisi zabo nezibuyekezo zesimo. Yakha uhlobo olusha lwenethiwekhi yokuxhumana nabantu, uhlobo lomagazini ocwebezelayo wedijithali, futhi ekugcineni yaba inkundla ebaluleke kakhulu yemikhiqizo, amabhizinisi, osaziwayo kanye nabathandi bemidlalo.
I-Instagram yatholwa yi-Facebook ngo-2012, eminyakeni emibili nje yethulwe. Manje inemiyalezo eyimfihlo, izindaba ezinomkhawulo wesikhathi, kanye ne-IGTV. Kodwa, empeleni, isalokhu ifana nalokhu yakhulelwa eminyakeni edlule.
Apple iPhone 4S
Ukukhishwa kwe-iPhone yasekuqaleni ngo-2007 kwakungenye yezenzakalo ezibaluleke kakhulu zenkathi yesimanje. Kodwa kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, i-iPhone 4S, eyethulwe ngo-Okthoba 2011, isiphenduke inguquko ebhizinisini le-Apple. Idivayisi esanda kuklanywa kabusha ifike nezici ezintathu ezintsha ezingachaza indlela esisebenzisa ngayo amadivaysi obuchwepheshe bomuntu siqu ngekusasa elibonakalayo: i-Siri, iCloud (ku-iOS 5), kanye nekhamera ekwazi ukuthwebula zombili izithombe ezingama-megapixel angu-8 nevidiyo engu-1080p enencazelo ephezulu. .
Esikhathini esifushane, lawa makhamera asephaketheni athuthuke kakhulu aqala ukuphazamisa imakethe yekhamera yedijithali ehlangene, futhi kwezinye izimo, abulale umncintiswano ngokuqondile (njenge-Flip). I-iCloud, eyake yaba yi-MobileMe, yaba i-middleware evumelanisa idatha phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza namadivayisi. Futhi uSiri usazama ukuthola indlela. Okungenani abantu babonile ukuthi abasizi be-virtual bangaba usizo kangakanani.
Tesla imodeli S
Lena bekungeyona imoto yokuqala esebenza ngogesi ukushayisa abantu abaningi emakethe. I-Tesla Model S ibonwa kuqala ngoba ithathe amehlo abanikazi bezimoto. Imoto kagesi ekade ilindelwe yethulwa ngoJuni 2012. Ababuyekezi bakuqala baqaphele ukuthi bekuyiminyaka elula ngaphambi kwe-Roadster futhi bayibiza ngokuthi yisimangaliso sezobuchwepheshe. Ngo-2013, iMotorTrend yayiqamba ngokuthi Imoto Yonyaka. Futhi ukuthandwa kuka-Elon Musk kwengeze kuphela ekuthandeni kwemoto.
Ngenkathi uTesla ethula isici se-Autopilot, sacutshungulwa ngemuva kwezingozi eziningi ezibulalayo lapho umshayeli kubikwa ukuthi uthembele kakhulu kuyo. Imibuzo emayelana nobuchwepheshe bokuzishayela kanye nomthelela wabo kubashayeli manje izobuzwa kaningi. Ngaleso sikhathi, uTesla ugqugquzele ukuqamba okusha emakethe yezimoto zikagesi.
Oculus I-Rift
Mhlawumbe i-VR ekugcineni izohluleka. Kepha amandla ayo awanakuphikwa, futhi u-Oculus waba ngowokuqala ukwenza isimila emakethe enkulu. Kumademo okuqala e-Oculus Rift ngesikhathi se-CES 2013 e-Las Vegas, ungabona izibukeli eziningi zobuchwepheshe ezimamathekayo ezinezigqoko zokuzivikela emakhanda. Umkhankaso wokuqala we-Kickstarter we-Oculus Rift wawunomgomo we-$ 250; kodwa iqoqe amaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-000. Kuthathe u-Oculus isikhathi eside ukukhulula i-headset ye-Rift, futhi i-$ 2,5 yayiyintengo enhle kakhulu. Kodwa inkampani yagcina ilethe ukuze imakethe isigqoko sokuzivikela esizimele esinamadigri enkululeko angu-600 ngama- $6.
Vele, abathanda iqiniso langempela kwakungebona bodwa abagqugquzelwa yi-Oculus. Ekuqaleni kuka-2014, ngaphambi kokuba i-Oculus Rift ifinyelele emakethe evamile, i-CEO ye-Facebook uMark Zuckerberg ihlole i-Oculus Rift ku-Human-Computer Interaction Lab eStanford University. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, wathenga inkampani ngo-$2,3 billion.
Amazon Echo
Ngolunye usuku ekuseni ngoNovemba 2014, isikhulumi esihlakaniphile se-Echo savele savela kuwebhusayithi ye-Amazon, futhi ukwethulwa kwayo ngesizotha kungenzeka ukuthi kwakudukisa ukuthi umkhiqizo uzoba nomthelela kangakanani engxenyeni yesibili yeshumi leminyaka. Bekungesona isipikha somsindo esingenantambo kuphela, kodwa futhi nomsizi wezwi, i-Alexa, eqale yabonakala inembile kune-Siri ye-Apple ngesikhathi yethulwa. I-Alexa yenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukunikeza imiyalo yezwi ukucisha izibani, ukulawula ukusakaza komculo, nokwengeza okuthengiwe enqoleni yakho ye-Amazon.
Ukuthi abantu bebefuna izipikha ezihlakaniphile noma izibonisi ezinokulawulwa kwezwi (iningi lisasocingweni), i-Amazon yaqhubeka futhi yanikeza inketho noma kunjalo. Cishe wonke abakhiqizi abakhulu balandela okufanayo.
I-Google Pixel
Eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili ngaphambi kokukhululwa kwe-smartphone ye-Pixel, i-Google ibukele njengoba ozakwethu bezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha (HTC, Moto, LG) bakha isistimu yokusebenza yeselula ye-Android emishinini yabo, eyayizinhle impela. Kepha awekho kulawa ma-smartphones akhuphukele kubha ephezulu esethwe yi-iPhone. Amadivayisi we-iOS abe nenzuzo enkulu ekusebenzeni kwe-smartphone ngoba i-Apple ikwazile ukunikeza ukulawula okuphelele ku-hardware nesofthiwe. Uma i-Google izoqhudelana, kuzofanele iyeke ukuthembela kubalingani bayo futhi ithathe ibhizinisi lehardware.
Ifoni yokuqala ye-Pixel ibe yisambulo emhlabeni we-Android. Idizayini eshelelayo, izingxenye zekhwalithi nekhamera enhle kakhulu - konke kusebenzisa i-OS yeselula yesithenjwa ye-Google, engonakalisiwe igobolondo lomkhiqizi noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zenkampani yenethiwekhi. I-Pixel ayizange ithathe ingxenye enkulu yemakethe ye-Android (futhi ayizange ikwenze lokho eminyakeni emithathu kamuva), kodwa ibonise ukuthi ifoni ye-Android ingaba ethuthuke kangakanani futhi ibe nomthelela ohlala njalo embonini. Ikakhulukazi, ubuchwepheshe bekhamera, obuthuthukiswe ubuhlakani besofthiwe ye-Google, buye baphusha abakhiqizi bedivayisi ukuthi bathuthukise izinzwa namalensi.
I-SpaceX Falcon Heavy
Lokhu ngempela "bekuwukwethulwa komkhiqizo" ngaphezu kokunye ukwethulwa. Ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari 2018, eminyakeni eyisikhombisa ngemuva kokumenyezelwa kwephrojekthi, i-SpaceX ka-Elon Musk yethula ngempumelelo i-rocket ye-Falcon Heavy enezingxenye ezintathu enezinjini ezingama-27 emkhathini. Iyakwazi ukuphakamisa amathani angu-63,5 wempahla iwayise emzileni ophansi, iyimoto yokwethulwa enamandla kakhulu emhlabeni namuhla, futhi yakhiwe ngenani elincane lezindleko zerokhethi entsha ye-NASA. Indiza yokuhlola ephumelele yafaka nesikhangiso sezinye zezinkampani zika-Elon Musk: imali ekhokhelwayo kwakuyi-cherry ebomvu ye-Tesla Roadster ene-Starman dummy ngemuva kwesondo.
Ngaphezu kwamandla, enye yezinto ezintsha ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-SpaceX kwaba ama-rocket booster ayo asebenziseka kabusha. NgoFebhuwari 2018, ama-booster amabili aseceleni asetshenziswe abuyela eCape Canaveral, kodwa emaphakathi yawohloka. Esikhathini esingaphezu konyaka kamuva, ngesikhathi kwethulwa ukuhweba kwerokhethi ngo-Ephreli 2019, womathathu ama-Falcon Heavy booster athola indlela eya ekhaya.
Source: 3dnews.ru