Incwadi ichaza indlela eyodwa yokubhala ingxenye yesitatimende esinenkinga, okungukuthi indlela yokusebenzisa icala.
Yini? Lena incazelo yesimo sokusebenzisana komsebenzisi nesistimu (noma nebhizinisi). Kulesi simo, uhlelo lusebenza njengebhokisi elimnyama (futhi lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlukanisa umsebenzi womklamo oyinkimbinkimbi ekuklameni ukusebenzisana nokuqinisekisa lokhu kusebenzisana). Ngaso leso sikhathi, kuyethulwa izindinganiso zokubhala, eziqinisekisa ukufunda kalula, okuhlanganisa nabangewona ababambiqhaza, futhi kuvumela ukuhlolwa okuthile kokuphelela nokuhambisana nemigomo yababambe iqhaza.
Sebenzisa isibonelo secala
Indlela isimo esibukeka ngayo, usebenzisa isibonelo sokugunyazwa kusayithi nge-imeyili:
(Isistimu) Ngena ngemvume kuwebhusayithi ukuze ufinyelele i-akhawunti yakho yomuntu siqu. ~~ (izinga lolwandle)
Umongo: Iklayenti elingagunyaziwe lingena kusayithi ukuze isayithi limbone futhi limbonise ulwazi lomuntu siqu: umlando wokuphequlula, umlando wokuthenga, inombolo yamanje yamaphoyinti ebhonasi, njll., usebenzisa i-imeyili njengokungena ngemvume.
Ileveli: inhloso yomsebenzisi
Umlingisi ohamba phambili: iklayenti (isivakashi sesitolo sethu esiku-inthanethi)
Ububanzi: Ukusebenzisana kweklayenti newebhusayithi yesitolo se-inthanethi
Ababambiqhaza nezintshisekelo:
- umkhangisi ufuna inani eliphezulu labavakashi besayithi ukuthi likhonjwe ukuze kufakwe i-imeyili yomuntu siqu,
- uchwepheshe wezokuphepha ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi azikho izimo zokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kudatha yomuntu siqu yesivakashi, okuhlanganisa nemizamo yokuqagela igama-mfihlo le-akhawunti eyodwa noma ukucinga i-akhawunti enephasiwedi ebuthakathaka,
- umhlaseli ufuna ukufinyelela kumabhonasi esisulu,
- abancintisana nabo bafuna ukushiya ukubuyekezwa okungalungile emikhiqizweni,
- I-botnet ifuna ukuthola isizinda samakhasimende esitolo futhi isebenzise ukuhlasela ukwenza isayithi lingasebenzi.
Imibandela: isivakashi akufanele sigunyazwe.
Ubuncane beziqinisekiso: isivakashi sizokwazi ukuthi umzamo wokugunyaza ube yimpumelelo noma awuphumelelanga.
Iziqinisekiso zempumelelo: isivakashi sigunyaziwe.
Isimo esiyinhloko:
- Iklayenti liqala ukugunyazwa.
- Uhlelo luqinisekisa ukuthi iklayenti aligunyaziwe futhi alweqi inombolo yemizamo engaphumelelanga yokugunyazwa kusukela kuseshini esinikeziwe (icinga iphasiwedi ebuthakathaka yama-akhawunti amaningi) ngokuya "Ngomthetho Wokuvikela No. 23".
- Uhlelo lunyusa ikhawunta yenani lemizamo yokugunyaza.
- Uhlelo lubonisa ifomu lokugunyaza kuklayenti.
- Iklayenti lifaka i-imeyili yalo nephasiwedi.
- Uhlelo luqinisekisa ukuba khona kweklayenti eline-imeyili enjalo ohlelweni nokuthi igama eliyimfihlo lifana nenani lemizamo yokungena kule akhawunti ayeqiwe ngokuvumelana “Ngomthetho Wokuphepha No. 24”.
- Uhlelo lugunyaza iklayenti, lwengeza umlando wokuphequlula kanye nobhasikidi wale seshini ngeseshini yokugcina yale akhawunti yeklayenti.
- Isistimu ibonisa umlayezo wempumelelo yokugunyazwa futhi iya esinyathelweni sombhalo lapho iklayenti liphazanyiswe khona ukuze ligunyazwe. Kulokhu, idatha esekhasini ilayishwa kabusha kucatshangelwa idatha ye-akhawunti yomuntu siqu.
Izandiso:
2.a. Iklayenti seligunyaziwe:
2.a.1. Uhlelo lwazisa iklayenti mayelana neqiniso lokugunyazwa okwenziwe ngaphambilini futhi linikeza ukuphazamisa iskripthi noma ukuya esinyathelweni sesi-4, futhi uma isinyathelo sesi-6 siqedwa ngempumelelo, isinyathelo sesi-7 senziwa ngokucaciswa:
2.a.7. Isistimu yenza iklayenti lingasasebenzi ngaphansi kwe-akhawunti endala, ligunyaza iklayenti ngaphansi kwe-akhawunti entsha, kuyilapho umlando wokuphequlula nenqola yalesi sikhathi sokusebenzisana kuhlala ku-akhawunti endala futhi akudluliseli kwentsha. Okulandelayo, hamba esinyathelweni sesi-8.
2.b Inombolo yemizamo yokugunyaza yeqe umkhawulo ngokuya “Ngomthetho Wokuvikela No. 23”:
2.b.1 Iya esinyathelweni sesi-4, i-captcha iboniswa futhi efomini lokugunyaza
2.b.6 Uhlelo luqinisekisa ukufakwa kwe-captcha okulungile
2.b.6.1 I-Captcha ifakwe ngokungalungile:
2.b.6.1.1. isistimu inyusa isibali semizamo yokugunyazwa engaphumelelanga yale akhawunti nayo
2.b.6.1.2. isistimu ibonisa umlayezo wokwehluleka futhi ibuyela esinyathelweni sesi-2
6.a. Ayikho i-akhawunti enale imeyili etholakele:
6.a.1 Uhlelo lubonisa umlayezo mayelana nokwehluleka futhi lunikeza ukukhetha ukuya esinyathelweni sesi-2 noma ukuya esimweni “sokubhaliswa komsebenzisi” nokulondoloza i-imeyili efakiwe,
6.b. Iphasiwedi ye-akhawunti enale imeyili ayifani naleyo efakiwe:
6.b.1 Uhlelo lunyusa inani lemizamo engaphumelelanga yokungena kule akhawunti.
6.b.2 Uhlelo lubonisa umlayezo mayelana nokwehluleka futhi lunikeza ukukhetha ukuya esimweni “Sokutholwa Kwephasiwedi” noma ukuya esinyathelweni sesi-2.
6.c: Ikhawunta yokungena ngemvume yale akhawunti yeqe umkhawulo othi “Umthetho Wokuvikela No. 24.”
6.c.1 Uhlelo lubonisa umlayezo mayelana nokuvinjwa kokungena kwe-akhawunti imizuzu engu-X bese luqhubekela esinyathelweni sesi-2.
Yini enhle
Ihlola ukuphelela nokuhambisana nemigomo, okungukuthi, ungakwazi ukunikeza izimfuneko komunye umhlaziyi ukuze kuqinisekiswe, wenze amaphutha ambalwa esigabeni sokwakhiwa kwenkinga.
Ukusebenza ngesistimu yebhokisi elimnyama kukuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise ukuthuthukiswa nokuxhumana nekhasimende lalokho okuzokwenziwa ngokuzenzakalela ezindleleni zokuqalisa.
Iyingxenye yendlela yomhlaziyi, enye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zokusebenziseka. Isimo somsebenzisi sichaza izindlela eziyinhloko zokuhamba kwakhe, okunciphisa kakhulu inkululeko yokuzikhethela yomklami kanye nekhasimende futhi kusiza ukwandisa isivinini sokuthuthukiswa komklamo.
Ngijabule kakhulu ngendawo esencazelweni lapho kukhonjwa khona okuhlukile esinyathelweni ngasinye sokusebenzisana. Uhlelo oluphelele lwe-IT kufanele luhlinzekele uhlobo oluthile lokuphatha okuhlukile, okunye ngesandla, okunye ngokuzenzakalelayo (njengakusibonelo esingenhla).
Okuhlangenwe nakho kubonisa ukuthi ukuphatha okuhlukile okungacatshangelwanga kahle kungenza kalula isistimu ibe isistimu engalungile kakhulu. Ngikhumbula indaba lapho ngezikhathi zamaSoviet, ukuze uthole isinqumo, kwakudingeka uthole izimvume eziningana ezivela ezinkonzweni ezahlukene, futhi ukuthi kubuhlungu kangakanani lapho inkonzo yokugcina ithi - kodwa isicelo sakho sisegameni elingalungile noma elinye iphutha ku. izimpawu zokuloba, yenza kabusha yonke into futhi uhlanganise kabusha yonke into.
Ngivame ukuhlangana nezimo lapho indlela yokusebenza yesistimu engazange icatshangelwe ngokuhlukile idinga ukusetshenzwa kabusha okubalulekile kwesistimu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi womhlaziyi isetshenziselwa ukuphatha okuhlukile.
Umbhalo obhaliwe, ngokungafani nemidwebo, uvumela okuhlukile ukuthi kukhonjwe futhi kuhlanganiswe.
Ukwengeza endleleni kusuka ekusebenzeni
Icala lokusebenzisa aliyona ingxenye yesitatimende ebekwe phambili ngokuzimele, ngokungafani nendaba yomsebenzisi.
Kulesi simo esingenhla, cabangela okuhlukile “6.a. Ayikho i-akhawunti enale imeyili etholakele.” kanye nesinyathelo esilandelayo “6.a.1 Uhlelo lubonisa umlayezo wokwehluleka bese ludlulela esinyathelweni sesi-2.” Yiziphi izinto ezimbi ezasala ngemuva? Kuklayenti, noma iyiphi imbuyiselo ifana nokuthi wonke umsebenzi eliwenzile lifaka idatha uphonswa endaweni yokulahla imfucumfucu. (Akubonakali nje embhalweni!) Yini engenziwa? Yakha kabusha iskripthi ukuze lokhu kungenzeki. Kungenzeka yini ukwenza lokhu? Ungakwazi - njengesibonelo, ukubheka umbhalo wokugunyazwa we-Google.
Ukulungiselelwa kwesimo
Le ncwadi ikhuluma ngokwenza kube semthethweni, kodwa ayisho okuncane mayelana nezindlela zokwenza lezi zimo zibe ngcono.
Kodwa kungenzeka ukuqinisa indlela ngokuthuthukisa izimo, futhi indlela yokumisa icala lokusebenzisa ivumela lokhu ukuba kwenziwe. Ngokukhethekile, udinga ukucabanga ngokuhlukile ngakunye okwenzekayo, unqume imbangela, futhi wakhe kabusha umbhalo ukuze ukhiphe okuhlukile noma unciphise uhambo lwekhasimende.
Uma ufaka i-oda esitolo se-inthanethi, kufanele ufake idolobha lokulethwa. Kungase kuvele ukuthi isitolo asikwazi ukuletha izimpahla edolobheni elikhethwe yiklayenti ngoba alihambi lapho, ngenxa yemikhawulo yosayizi, noma ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezimpahla endaweni yokugcina impahla ehambisanayo.
Uma simane sichaza isimo sokusebenzelana esiteji sokubhalisa, singabhala “sazisa iklayenti ukuthi ukulethwa akunakwenzeka futhi sinikeze ukushintsha idolobha noma okuqukethwe kwekalishi” (futhi abahlaziyi abaningi abasafufusa bama lapho). Kodwa uma kunezimo eziningi ezinjalo, khona-ke isimo singathuthukiswa.
Into yokuqala okudingeka uyenze ukukuvumela ukuthi ukhethe kuphela idolobha lapho singaletha khona. Ukwenza nini lokhu? Ngaphambi kokukhetha umkhiqizo kuwebhusayithi (i-autodetection yedolobha nge-IP ngokucaciswa).
Okwesibili, kudingeka sinikeze ukukhetha kuphela kwezimpahla esingazilethela iklayenti. Ukwenza nini lokhu? Ngesikhathi sokukhetha - kuthayela lomkhiqizo kanye nekhadi lomkhiqizo.
Lezi zinguquko ezimbili zihamba ibanga elide ekuqedeni lokhu okuhlukile.
Izidingo zezilinganiso namamethrikhi
Lapho ucubungula umsebenzi wokunciphisa ukuphatha okuhlukile, ungasetha umsebenzi wokubika (indaba yokusetshenziswa ayichazwa). Kungakanani okuhlukile okwakukhona, kuziphi izimo okwenzeka kuzo, kanye nokuthi zingaki izimo ezingenayo eziphumelele ngempumelelo.
Kodwa maye. Okuhlangenwe nakho kubonise ukuthi izimfuneko zokubika zezimo kuleli fomu azanele; kuyadingeka ukucabangela izimfuneko zokubika zezinqubo ezichazwe ngokuyinhloko ezingekho esimweni sokusebenzisa.
Ukufinyelela Ekusebenziseni
Ekusebenzeni kwethu, sinwebe ifomu lencazelo yecala lokusebenzisa ngencazelo yezibaluli ezithile zamabhizinisi nedatha ukuze iklayenti lenze isinqumo, okuthuthukisa ukusebenziseka okulandelayo.
Ngomklamo osebenzisekayo, sengeze isigaba sokufaka - idatha yokubonisa.
Esimeni sokugunyazwa, leli iqiniso lokuthi iklayenti ligunyaziwe ohlelweni. Uma iklayenti ligunyazwe kusengaphambili, bonisa isixwayiso mayelana nokushintsha umlando wokuzulazula nekalishi iye ku-akhawunti entsha ngemva kokugunyazwa ngempumelelo.
Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuboniswa kolwazi oludingekayo kuklayenti ukuze akwazi ukwenza isinqumo mayelana nezenzo zakhe ezengeziwe ngokusho kwesimo (ungabuza ukuthi le datha yanele yini iklayenti, yini enye edingekayo, yiluphi ulwazi olwenziwayo. iklayenti kudingeka lithathe izinqumo).
Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuhlukanisa ulwazi olufakiwe ezindaweni zokufakwayo uma lucutshungulwa ngokwehlukana futhi ngokwakhiwa kokuhlukile okuhlukile.
Esibonelweni sokugunyazwa kweklayenti, uma uhlukanisa imininingwane efakiwe ungene ngemvume nephasiwedi, khona-ke kufanelekile ukushintsha iskripthi sokugunyazwa ukugqamisa izigaba zokufaka ukungena okuhlukile nephasiwedi ehlukile (futhi lokhu kwenziwa ku-Yandex, Google, kodwa akwenziwa ezitolo eziningi eziku-inthanethi).
Ukufinyelela ukuguqulwa kwedatha edingekayo
Ungakwazi futhi ukukhipha izimfuneko zama-algorithms okuguqulwa kwedatha kusikripthi.
izibonelo:
- Ukuze wenze isinqumo sokuthenga umkhiqizo esitolo esiku-inthanethi, iklayenti lidinga ukwazi ekhadini lomkhiqizo ukuthi kungenzeka yini, izindleko, isikhathi sokulethwa edolobheni lalo lo mkhiqizo (okubalwa nge-algorithm ngokusekelwe ekutholakaleni komkhiqizo ku- izindawo zokugcina izimpahla kanye nemingcele ye-supply chain).
- Uma ufaka umusho emugqeni wokusesha, iklayenti liboniswa iziphakamiso zokusesha ngokuya nge-algorithm (ekhiqizwa i-algorithm...).
Inani
Ngokuvamile, ngemva kokufunda le ncwadi, ngeshwa, akucaci ukuthi kuhamba kanjani ukusuka kumhlaziyi kuya ezinkingeni zebhizinisi kuya ekucacisweni okusemthethweni okusemthethweni konjiniyela. Incwadi itshela ingxenye kuphela yenqubo, izinyathelo zokufaka zingacacile futhi izinyathelo ezilandelayo zingacacile. Ikesi lokusebenzisa ngokwalo ngokuvamile alisona isitatimende esiphelele sonjiniyela.
Noma kunjalo, lena indlela enhle kakhulu yokwenza ngokusemthethweni kanye nokucubungula izimo zokusebenzelana phakathi kwento nesihloko, lapho ukusebenzelana kubangela ushintsho kokuthile esihlokweni. Ingenye yezindlela ezimbalwa zokubhala ezivumela izidingo eziqinisekiswayo ngamaphoyinti okusesha ahlukile.
Incwadi kumele ifundwe ukuze abahlaziyi baqale ukubhala imidlalo evivinywayo.
Source: www.habr.com